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Clinical Anatomy > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Bony Landmark: Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Spinous Process C7-T3
to
Inferior Borders of Ribs 2-5

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2
Q

Bony Landmark: Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Spinous Process T11-L2
to
Inferior Boarders of Ribs 9-12

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3
Q

Bony Landmark: Erector Spinae

A

TLF attached to the sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes T11-L5, supraspinous ligament, angles of ribs to costal angels (iliocostalis), ribs & transverse processes (longissimus) & spinous processes (spinalis)

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4
Q

Bony Landmark: Semispinalis

A

Transverse Processes
to
Distant Superior Spinous Processes

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5
Q

Bony Landmark: Multifidus

A

Sacrum, Posterior SI Ligament, Posterior Iliac Spine, Transverse Processes
to
More Superior Spinous Processes

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6
Q

Bony Landmark: Rotatores Longus & Brevis

A

Transverse to Spinous Process of Vertebra above (1-2 levels)

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7
Q

Bony Landmark: Interspinales

A

Between Spinous Processes of Adjacent Vertebrae

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8
Q

Bony Landmark: Intertransversarii

A

Between the Transverse Processes of Adjacent Vertebrae

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9
Q

Three Types of Erector Spinae

A

Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

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10
Q

Muscles of Transversospinales

A

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores Longus & Brevis

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11
Q

Function: Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior

A

Proprioception of the thoracic wall

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12
Q

Action: Erector Spinae

A

Extension & Lateral Flexion of the Vertebral Column

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13
Q

Action: Semispinalis

A

Extension & Contralateral Rotation of the Vertebral Column

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14
Q

Action: Multifidus

A

Extension & Contralateral Rotation of the Vertebral Column

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15
Q

Action: Rotatores Longus & Brevis

A

Extension & Contralateral Rotation of the Vertebral Column

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16
Q

Action: Interspinales

A

Extension of Spine
Proprioception

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17
Q

Action: Intertransversarii

A

Lateral Flexion of Spine
Proprioception

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18
Q

Innervation: Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior

A

Intercostal nerves
(superior= T1-4, inferior= T9-12)

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19
Q

Regions of Spinalis Muscles

A

Capitis (Semispinalis Capitis), Cervicis, Thoracis

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20
Q

Regions of Longissimus Muscles

A

Capitis, Cervicis, Thoracis

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21
Q

Regions of Iliocostalis Muscles

A

Cervicis, Thoracis, Lumborum

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22
Q

Regions of Semispinalis Muscles

A

Capitis, Cervicis, Thoracis

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23
Q

Regions of Multifidus Muscles

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral

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24
Q

Regions of Interspinales Muscles

A

Cervical (6)
Thoracic (2-3)
Lumbar (4)

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25
Q

Innervation of Back Muscles

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

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26
Q

Bony Landmarks: Splenius Cervicis

A

Spinous Processes of T3-T6
to
Posterior Tubercles of Transverse Processes of C1-C3

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27
Q

Bony Landmarks: Splenius Capitis

A

Ligamentum Nuchae and Spinous Processes C7-T4
to
Mastoid Process

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28
Q

Actions: Splenius Cervicis

A

Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral Rotation

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29
Q

Actions: Splenius Capitis

A

Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral Rotation

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30
Q

Innervation: Splenius Cervicis

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

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31
Q

Innervation: Splenius Capitis

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

32
Q

Bony Attachments: Anterior Longitudinal Ligaments

A

Anterior Surfaces of Vertebral Bodies & Intervertebral Discs

33
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament blends into…

A

Anterior Atlanto-Occipital Membrane

34
Q

Bony Attachments: Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments

A

Posterior Surfaces of Vertebral Bodies & Intervertebral Discs

35
Q

Posterior Longitudinal becomes…

A

Tectorial Membrane

36
Q

Bony Attachments: Ligamentum Flavum Ligaments

A

Interconnected Adjacent Laminae

37
Q

Bony Attachments: Supraspinous Ligaments

A

Apices of Spinous Processes C7 to Sacrum

38
Q

Bony Attachments: Interspinous Ligaments

A

Interconnect Adjacent Spinous Processes

39
Q

Bony Attachments: Intertransverse Ligaments

A

Interconnect Adjacent Transverse Processes

40
Q

Functions: Anterior Longitudinal Ligaments

A

Stabilizes Vertebral Column and Prevents Hyperextension

41
Q

Functions: Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments

A

Prevents
-Hyperflexion of the Vertebral Column
-Posterior Extrusion of Nucleus Pulposus

42
Q

Functions: Ligamentum Flavum Ligaments

A

Resist Terminal Flexion Between Vertebrae

43
Q

Bony Attachments: Ligamentum Nuchae

A

C7 Spinous Process
to
External Occipital Protuberance w/ Slips to Intervening Spinous Processes

44
Q

Bony Attachments: Transverse (Cruciate) of Atlas

A

Lateral Mass to Lateral Mass of Atlas

45
Q

Function: Ligamentum Nuchae

A

Attachment for Cervical Muscles

46
Q

Function: Transverse (Cruciate) of Atlas

A

Maintain Integrity of Articulation Between Dens and Anterior Arch of the Atlas

47
Q

What are the Extrinsic Back Muscles?

A

Superficial: Traps, Lats, Rhomboids, Levator Scapulae

Intermediate: Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior

48
Q

What are the Intrinsic / Superficial Back Muscles?

A

Splenius Cervicis
Splenius Capitis

49
Q

What are the Intrinsic / Intermediate Back Muscles?

A

Erector Spinae:
Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

50
Q

What are Intrinsic / Deep Back Muscles?

A

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotators Longus & Brevis
Interspinales
Intertransversarii

51
Q

Function of the Costal Facets

A

Articulates with the head of rib

52
Q

Function of Vertebral Foramen

A

Houses Spinal Cord

53
Q

Function of Vertebral Notches

A

Transmits Spinal Nerves and Radicular Vessels

54
Q

Function of Costotubercular Facet

A

Articulates with Tubercle of Rib

55
Q

Function of Superior and Inferior Articular Process/Facet

A

Articulates with adjacent vertebra

56
Q

Attachments to Spinous Processes

A

Trapezius
Rhomboids
Spinalis
Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotators Muscles
Supraspinous Ligament

57
Q

Attachments to Mammillary Process

A

Multifidus

58
Q

Function of Atlas’ Superior Facet

A

Articulates With Occipital Condyles

59
Q

Function of Atlas’ Inferior Facet

A

Articulates with Axis

60
Q

Function of Groove for Vertebral Artery on Atlas

A

Houses Vertebral a. and v.
& Suboccipital n.

61
Q

Attachments to Posterior Tubercle of Atlas

A

Ligamentum Nuchae
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

62
Q

Function of Transverse Foramen

A

Transmits the Vertebral a. & v.

63
Q

Function of Axis’ Superior Articular Facet

A

Articulates with Atlas

64
Q

Function of Vertebral Notch on Pedicle of Axis

A

Transmits C3 Spinal Nerve

65
Q

Bony Landmark: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Spinous Process of Thoracic Spine
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Illiac Crest
to
Floor of the Intertubercular Sulcus of the Humerus

66
Q

Bony Landmark: Trapezius

A

Superior Nuchal Line, External Occipital Protuberance, Ligament Nuchal, Spinous Process of C & T Spine
to
Clavicle & Acromion

67
Q

Bony Landmark: Rhomboids

A

Minor: Ligament Nuchal, Spinous Process C7-T1
Major: Spinous Process T2-T5
to
Medial Boarder of Scapula

68
Q

Bony Landmark: Levator Scapulae

A

Transverse Process C1-C4
to
Superior Angle & Superomedial Boarder of Scapula

69
Q

Action: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Adduction, Extension, Medial Rotation of Humerus

70
Q

Action: Trapezius

A

Upper: Elevation & Upward Rotation
Mid: Retraction
Lower: Depress & Upward Rotation

71
Q

Action: Rhomboids

A

Retraction, Elevation (Minor), Downward Rotation (Scapula)

72
Q

Action: Levator Scapula

A

Elevate, Downward Rotation (Scapula)

73
Q

Innervation: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6-c8)

74
Q

Innervation: Trapezius

A

(S) C3-C4
(M) CN-XI Accessory Nerve

75
Q

Innervation: Rhomboids

A

(S) C3-C4
(M) Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4-C5)

76
Q

Innervation: Levator Scapula

A

(S) C3-C4
(M) Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4-C5)

Clinical Anatomy (18 decks)

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