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Clinical Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN-I

A

Olfactory

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2
Q

CN-2

A

Optic

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3
Q

CN-III

A

Oculomotor

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4
Q

CN-IV

A

Trochlear

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5
Q

CN-V(1)

A

Trigeminal
Ophthalmic

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6
Q

CN-V(2)

A

Trigeminal
Maxillary

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7
Q

CN-V(3)

A

Mandibular

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8
Q

CN-VI

A

Abducens

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9
Q

CN-VII

A

Facial

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10
Q

CN-VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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11
Q

CN-IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

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12
Q

CN-X

A

Vagus

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13
Q

CN-XI

A

Accessory

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14
Q

CN-XII

A

Hypogossal

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15
Q

CN’s out of Cerebrum

A

Olfactory
Optic

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16
Q

CN’s out of Midbrain

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear

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17
Q

CN’s out of Pons

A

Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear

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18
Q

CN’s out of Medulla

A

Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Hypoglossal

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19
Q

CN’s out of Spinal Cord

A

Accessory

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20
Q

CN’s with all three functions

A

Facial (7)
Glossopharyngeal (9)
Vagus (10)

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21
Q

CN’s with two functions

A

Oculomotor (3) M&P
Trigeminal (5) S&M

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22
Q

CN’s with Only Sensory Function

A

Olfactory (1)
Optic (2)
Vestibulocochlear (8)

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23
Q

CN’s with only Motor Function

A

Trochlear (4)
Abducens (6)
Hypoglossal (12)
Accessory (11)

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24
Q

CN-I: CNS Contribution

A

Cerebrum

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25
Q

CN-I: Axon Function

A

Sensory - Smell

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26
Q

CN-I: Nuclei

A

Primary above Cribiform
Secondary in Olfactory Bulb

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27
Q

CN-I: Skull Exit

A

Cribiform Foramina (of Ethmoid Bone)

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28
Q

CN-I: Target Structures

A

Mucosa of Nasal Cavity

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29
Q

CN-II: CNS Contribution

A

Cerebrum

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30
Q

CN-II: Axon Function

A

Sensory - Vision

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31
Q

CN-II: Skull Exit

A

Optic Canal

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32
Q

CN-II: Target Structures

A

Retina

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33
Q

CN-II: Deficit when lesion at optic canal

A

R/L Monocular Blindness

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34
Q

CN-II: Deficit when lesion at Optic Chiasm

A

Bitemporal Hemianopsia

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35
Q

CN-II: Deficit when lesion at Optic Tract

A

R/L homonymous hemiopsia
(Contralateral field of vision affected to lesion)

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36
Q

CN-III: CNS Contribution

A

Mid Brain

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37
Q

CN-III: Axon Function

A

Motor (Voluntary)
Parasympathetic (Involuntary)

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38
Q

CN-III: Nuclei

A

Motor: Oculomotor Nucleus
Parasympathetic: Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

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39
Q

CN-III: Skull Exit

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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40
Q

CN-III: Target Structures - Motor

A

Superior Ramus: Levator Palpebrae Superioris, Superior Rectus

Inferior Ramus: Medial Rectus, Inferior Rectus, Inferior Oblique

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41
Q

CN-III: Target Structures - Parasympathetic

A

Ciliary Body
Constrictors of Iris

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42
Q

CN-III: Ganglia

A

Ciliary Ganglion via CN-V(1), Short Ciliary

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43
Q

CN-IV: CNS Contribution

A

Posterior Contralateral Mid Brain

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44
Q

CN-IV: Axon Function

A

Motor

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45
Q

CN-IV: Nuclei

A

Trochlear Nucleus

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46
Q

CN-IV: Skull Exit

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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47
Q

CN-IV: Target Structure

A

Superior Oblique

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48
Q

CN-V(1): CNS Contribution

A

Pons

49
Q

CN-V(1): Axon Function

A

Sensory

50
Q

CN-V(1): Nuclei

A

Originates in Trigeminal Ganglion

51
Q

CN-V(1): Skull Exit

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

52
Q

CN-V(1): Target Structures - Nasociliary

A

-Skin over Nose (ant. ethm.) & Bridge of Nose (infra troch)
-Frontal (ant. ethm.), Sphenoid (post. ethm.) & Ethmoid (both ethmoids) Sinus
-Superior Nasal Cavity (both ethmoids)
-Eye (short & long ciliary)

53
Q

CN-V(1): Target Structures - Frontal

A

Skin over medial aspect of forehead (supratrochlear) & forehead (supraorbital)

54
Q

CN-V(1): Target Structure - Lacrimal

A

Lacrimal Gland
Skin overlying lateral aspect of upper eye lid

55
Q

CN-V(1): Ganglia

A

Ciliary Ganglion is on Short Ciliary N to get to CN-III

56
Q

CN-V(2): CNS Contribution

A

Pons

57
Q

CN-V(2): Axon Function

A

Sensory

58
Q

CN-V(2): Nuclei

A

Origination from Trigeminal Gaglion

59
Q

CN-V(2): Exits Skull

A

Foramen Rotundum

60
Q

CN-V(2): Ganglion

A

Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Pre-Ganglion from CN-VII

61
Q

CN-V(2): Target Structures (Post-Ganglionic Parasympathetic & Sensory)

A

-Lacrimal Gland (Communicating Branch)
-Pharyngeal
-Lesser Palatine
-Greater Palatine
-Post. Sup. Lat. Nasal
-Post. Sup. Med. Nasal
-Nasopalatine

62
Q

CN-V(2): Target Structures (Sensory Only)

A

-Post. Superior Alveolar: Upper Molars, Maxillary Sinuses
-Infraorbital: Mucosa & Skin of Upper Lip, Lateral Nose, Lower Eyelid
-Zygomatic: Skin overlying Zygomatic Arch

63
Q

CN-V(3): CNS Contribution

A

Pons

64
Q

CN-V(3): Axon Functions

A

Branchial Motor (1st Arch)
Sensory

65
Q

CN-V(3): Nuclei

A

Motor = Trigeminal Motor Nucleus in Pons
Sensory = Originates in Trigeminal Ganglion

66
Q

CN-V(3): Skull Exit

A

Foramen Ovale

67
Q

CN-V(3): Ganglion

A

1) Otic Ganglia on Auriculotemporal n., pre- CN-IX

2) Submandibular Ganglion on lingual n., pre- CN-VII

68
Q

CN-V(3): Target Structures (Ganglion)

A

1) Otic = Parotid Gland

2) Submandibular = Anterior 2/3 of Tongue

69
Q

CN-V(3): Target Structures (Motor & Sensory)

A
  • Muscles of Mastication (Temporalis, Masseter, Lat. Pterygoid, Med. Pterygoid)
  • Nerve to Mylohyoid (Mylohyoid & Ant. Digastric)
70
Q

CN-V(3): Target Structures (Sensory Only)

A

-Meningeal = Cranial Dura Matter
-Buccal = Buccal Skin & Oral Mucosa
-Lingual = Ant. 2/3 of Tongue
-Inf. Aveolar/Mental = Lower Teeth, Inf. Buccal Gingiva, Skin over Chin & Lower Lip
-Auriculotemporal = TMJ, Ext. Auditory Meatus, Skin to Ant. Ear

71
Q

CN-VI: CNS Contribution

A

Pons

72
Q

CN-VI: Axon Function

A

Motor

73
Q

CN-VI: Nuclei

A

Abducens Nuclei

74
Q

CN-VI: Skull Exit

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

75
Q

CN-VI: Target Structure

A

Lateral Rectus Muscle

76
Q

CN-VII: CNS Contribution

A

Pons

77
Q

CN-VII: Axon Functions

A

Sensory
Sensory - Taste
Parasympathetic
Branchial Motor (2nd Arch)

78
Q

CN-VII: Nuclei

A

Sensory & Sensory - Taste = Geniculate Ganglion

Parasympathetic = Superior Salvitory Nucleus in Pons

Branchial Motor = Facial Motor Nucleus in Pons

79
Q

CN-VII: Skull Exit

A

Internal Auditory Meatus

80
Q

CN-VII: Target Structures (Motor)

A

Stampedius

Posterior Digastric
Stylohyoid

Temporalis
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Clavicular

81
Q

CN-VII: Target Structure (Sensory)

A

Skin of Ear

82
Q

CN-VII: Target Structure (Sensory - Taste)

A

-Anterior 2/3 of tongue
-Palate

83
Q

CN-VII: Target Structure (Parasympathetic)

A

Submandibular Gland
Sublingual Gland
Lacrimal Gland
- Mucosa of Nasal Cavity
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Nasopharynx
- Roof of the Oral Cavity

84
Q

CN-VII: Ganglion

A

Pterygopalentine Ganglion - Hitching a ride on CN-V2

Submandibular Ganglion - Hitching a ride on Lingual br CN-V3

85
Q

CN-IX: CNS Contribution

A

Medulla

86
Q

CN-IX: Axons

A

Motor (3rd Arch)
Parasympathetic
Sensory - Touch/Proprioception
Sensory - Taste
Sensory - Visceral

87
Q

CN-IX: Nuclei

A

Motor: Nuclei Ambiguus
Parasympathetic: Inferior Salvitory Nucleus
Sensory: Originate in Superior/Inferior Ganglions

88
Q

CN-IX: Skull Exit

A

Jugular Foramen

89
Q

CN-IX: Target Structures (Motor)

A

Sylopharyngeal Muscle

90
Q

CN-IX: Target Structures (Parasympathetic)

A

Otic Ganglion (Parotid Gland)

91
Q

CN-IX: Target Structures (Sensory - Taste)

A

Posterior 1/3 of Tongue

92
Q

CN-IX: Target Structures (Sensory - Visceral)

A

Carotid Body
Carotid Sinus

93
Q

CN-IX: Target Structures (Sensory)

A

Stylopharyngeal Muscle

Mucosa of Upper Pharynx (gag reflex)
Tonsillar Mucosa
Mucosa of Posterior 1/3 of Tongue
Middle Ear

94
Q

CN-IX: Ganglion

A

Otic Ganglion - Hitches a ride on CN-V3 (auriculotemporal n.) and acts on Parotid Gland “Spit”

95
Q

CN-X: CNS

A

Medulla

96
Q

CN-X: Axons

A

Motor (4th & 6th Arch)
Parasympathetic
Sensory - Touch/Proprioception
Sensory - Taste
Sensory - Visceral

97
Q

CN-X: Nuclei

A

Motor: Nucleus Ambiguus
Parasympathetic: Dorsal Motor Nucleus
Sensor: Originate in Superior and Inferior Ganglion

98
Q

CN-X: Skull Exit

A

Jugular Foramen

99
Q

CN-X: Bundles of Axons (4 + 2)

A

Pharyngeal
Superior Laryngeal (Int & Ext)
Recurrent Laryngeal
Vegal Trunk

Thoracic Cardiac
Aruicular

100
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (Pharyngeal)

A

Motor & Sensory: Muscles of Pharynx & Palate
Parasympathetic: Palate & Pharynx Mucosa

101
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (Int. Laryngeal)

A

Sensory: Mucosa of Oral & Laryngeal Pharynx, & Larynx

Sensory & Taste: Epiglottis

Parasympathetic: Vocal Cords & Epiglottis Mucus

102
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (External Laryngeal)

A

Proprioception & Motor: Cricothyroid & Inferior Constrictor Muscles

103
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (Recurrent Laryngeal)

A

Motor & Proprioception: Muscles of Larynx

Proprioception: Mucosas of Trachea & Larynx

Parasympathetic: Vocal Cord & Trachea Mucosa

104
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (Vagal Trunk)

A

Visceral Sensory & Parasympathetic: Thorax and Abdomen

105
Q

CN-X: Target Structures (Single Sensory Axons)

A

Aortic Arch

Skin to External Auditory Meatus & Ear

106
Q

CN-XI: CNS Contributor

A

Spinal Cord (C1-C5)

107
Q

CN-XI: Axons

A

Motor

108
Q

CN-XI: Skull Exits

A

Jugular Foramen

(First Enters through Foramen Magnum)

109
Q

CN-XI: Target Structures

A

SCM
Trapezius

110
Q

CN-XII: CNS Contributor

A

Medulla

111
Q

CN-XII: Axons

A

Motor

112
Q

CN-XII: Nuclei

A

Hypoglossal Nucleus

113
Q

CN-XII: Skull Exit

A

Hypoglossal Canal

114
Q

CN-XII: Target Structures

A

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles: Genioglossus, Hypoglossal, Syloglossus

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

115
Q

Sympathetic Innervation: Exit Skull

A

CN-
-Facial (VII)
-Glossopharyngeal (XI)
-Vagus (X)
-Accessory (XI)
-Hypoglossal (XII)

116
Q

Sympathetic Innervation: Calvernous Sinus (Via Internal Carotid)

A

CN-
-Oculomotor (III)
-Trochlear (IV)
-Abducens (VI)
-Trigeminal (V1 & V2)

117
Q

Sympathetic Innervation: Internal Carotid n., via Internal Carotid Artery (not Calvernous Sinus)

A

Deep Petrosal n (CN-V2 branch)
Middle Ear (Tympanic Plexus)

118
Q

Sympathetic Innervation: External Carotid Artery

A

Communicating With CN-
-V2 (Trigeminal, Maxillary)
-V3 (Trigeminal, Mandibular)
-VII (Facial)
-IX (Glossopharyngeal)
-X (Vagus)
-XII (Hypoglossal)

119
Q

What are the three nerve bundles in CN-VII (Facial)?

A

Main Root: Posterior Auricular & Motor Axon
Chordate Tympani: Sensory Taste to Tongue & Pre-Ganglionic Submandibular Axon
Greater Petrosal: Sensory Taste to Palate & Pre-Ganglionic Pterygopalentine

Clinical Anatomy (18 decks)

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