Bony Landmarks Head & Neck

Question 1

Identify Mental Foramen

Answer 1

Hole in anterior/semi-lateral mandible

Question 2

What passes through the Mental Foramen?

Answer 2

Mental n (CN-V3), a & v

Question 3

Identify the Digastric Fossa

Answer 3

Inferior Boarder (small) of medial mandible

Question 4

What attaches to the Digastric Fossa?

Answer 4

Anterior Belly of Digastric Muscle

Question 5

Identify Alveolar Part of Mandible

Answer 5

Houses Roots of Teeth

Question 6

Identify mylohyoid line & groove

Answer 6

Line = middle posterior mandible
Groove = more posterior, angled groove

Question 7

What is held in the mylohyoid line & groove

Answer 7

Line = mylohyoid muscle
Groove = Mylohyoid nerve & artery

Question 8

Identify Submandibular fossa.

Answer 8

Internal inferior shallow depressions, under mylohyoid line

Question 9

Identify Mandibular Ramus

Answer 9

Posterior, vertical, quadrilateral parts of the mandible.

Question 10

What attaches to the angle of the Mandibular ramus?

Answer 10

Masseter (external) & Medial Pterygoid muscles (internal)

Question 11

Identify the Mandibular Foramen & Canal

Answer 11

Hole on inside of mandible, above mylohyoid line, on internal ramus of mandible.
Canal is in the bone of mandible.

Question 12

What is in the Mandibular foramen and canal?

Answer 12

Inferior Alveolar n (CN-V3… turns into Mental n. After mental foramen), a & v

Question 13

Identify Inferior Genial Tubercle & What Attaches?

Answer 13

Internal Medial Mandible, above Digastric fossa, below mylohyoid line.

Geniohyoid m.

Question 14

Identify Coronoid Process.

What Attaches?

Answer 14

Sharp Bony Angle anterior to Mandibular Notch & Condylar Process

Temporalis m.

Question 15

Identify the Mandibular Notch.

What is transmitted through?

Answer 15

U-shape between coronoid process and condylar process.

Nerve (CN-V3) and artery to masseter m. (Muscle of mastication)

Question 16

Identify the Condylar Process.
Differentiate between Head of mandible, neck of mandible, pterygoid fovea.
What attaches at the pterygoid fovea?

Answer 16

Posterior, Superior Angle.
Head = Wide, Neck = Narrow, Fovea = Area between Condylar Notches on Anterior Side.

Attachment - Lateral Pterygoid

Question 17

What attaches to the Hyoid Bone?

Answer 17

Supra:
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid

Infra:
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid (Greater Horns)

Question 18

Identify the Squama, Basilar and Lateral parts of the Occipital Bone.

Answer 18

Squama - Big back bowl
Lateral - lateral part from foramen magnum
Basilar - Anterior part from foramen magnum

Question 19

Identify & Describe What is Attached at:
1- External Occipital Protuberance
2- Superior Nuchal Line
3-Inferior Nuchal Line

Answer 19

1- Ligamentum Nuchae
2- Trapezius, SCM, Splenius Capitus
3- Rectus Capitus Posterior Major & Minor

Question 20

Identify & Describe what attaches/is found at these sites:
1- Internal Occipital Protuberance
2- Superior Sagittal Sulcus
3- Sulcus for Transverse Sinus

Answer 20

1- Falx Cerebelli
2- Superior Sagittal Sinus
3- Transverse Sinus

Question 21

Identify Foramen Magnum & Identify what moves through.

Answer 21

Spinal Cord, Vertebral a & v, Accessory Nerve

Question 22

What articulates with the atlas on the skull? Identify it.

Answer 22

Occipital condyles

Question 23

Identify Hypoglossal Canal.

What Moves Through?

Answer 23

Anteriorly located, tubular passage, lateral occipital bone, between occipital condyle and jugular foramen.

CN-XII (Hypoglossal)

Question 24

Identify Jugular Notch.

What runs through?

Answer 24

Jelly bean shape shared between occipital and temporal bones.

Jugular Vein, CN-IX (Glossopharyngeal), CN-X (Vagus), CN-XI (Accessory)

Question 25

Identify Sphenoid Bone

Answer 25

Behind Frontal Bone, posterior orbital socket

Question 26

Identify and Describe what Is located in: - Sulcus Chiasmaticus - Optic Canal

Answer 26

- Anterior most line in saddle (Optic Chiasm) - Posterior/Medial Hole in Orbit, lateral edges of Sulcus Chiasmaticus (Optic n. & Ophthalmic a.)

Question 27

Where is sella turcica? Where do you find the pituitary gland? Tentorium Cerebelli?

Answer 27

Saddle of Sphenoid Hypophyseal fossa (Pituitary) Anterior & Posterior Clinoid Processes (Tentorium Cerebelli … dura matter)

Question 28

Identify Greater vs. Lesser wings of sphenoid.

Answer 28

Greater = Anterior and lateral face Lesser = anterior ridge

Question 29

Identify & Describe Functions: 1- Foramen Rotundum 2- Foramen Ovale 3- Foramen Spinosum

Answer 29

1- Hole inferior to S.O.F. (Maxillary n.) 2- Larger hole at posterior boarder of sphenoid bone (Mandibular n. & accessory meningeal a.) 3- tiny hole lateral to Foramen Ovale (Middle Meningeal a. & Meningeal branch of Mandibular n.)

Question 30

What attaches to the lateral surface of the sphenoid bone?

Answer 30

Lateral Pterygoid & Temporalis

Question 31

Identify Superior Orbital Fissure. What structures go through?

Answer 31

CN-III (Oculomotor) CN-IV (trochlear) CN-V1 (ophthalmic) CN-VI (Abducens) Ophthalmic Vein

Question 32

What are the borders of the inferior orbital fissure? Locate it. What passes through?

Answer 32

-Sphenoid & Maxilla Bones -CN-V2 (maxillary), Infraorbital vessels, postganglionic fibers from pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 33

Pterygoid: -Fossa -Lateral Plate

Answer 33

-Posterior groove on… (medial pterygoid) -lateral surface of… (lateral & medial ptyerygiod) …inferior “handles”

Question 34

Identify Temporal Bone

Answer 34

Lateral Bone superior to ear, with arch

Question 35

Identify & Describe Structures : 1- Temporal Surface 2- Zygomatic Process 3- Mandibular Fossa

Answer 35

1- Temporalis 2- Masseter 3- Articulates with TMJ Disc

Question 36

Four Parts of Temporal Bone: 1- Squamous 2- Mastoid 3- Petrous 4- Tympanic

Answer 36

1- Squamous - Large Lateral Outside + Zygomatic 2- Mastoid - Inferior Outside 3- Petrous - Internal Edge/Corner 4- Tympanic - Under External Meatus, Above Styloid Process

Question 37

Mastoid Process - Identify & Describe structures attached

Answer 37

Inferior notch behind zygomatic process/external meatus SCM, Splenius Capitis, Longissimus Capitis m.

Question 38

Identify & Describe Structures: - Trigeminal Impression -Carotid Canal

Answer 38

- Anterior Aspect of Ridge/Edge of Temporal Bone - Vertical Hole at Base of Sellar Bone

Question 39

Identify & Describe Structures: -Internal Auditory Meatus -Jugular Foramen

Answer 39

-Posterior Wall of Ridge, Circular Hole (CN-VII Facial, CN-VIII Vestibulocochlear) -Inferior to I.A.M., jellybean shaped hole (Internal Jugular Vein, CN-IX Glossopharyngeal, CN-X Vagus, CN-XI Accessory)

Question 40

Identify & Describe Structures: -Styloid Process -Stylomastoid Foramen

Answer 40

- Sharp pointy protuberance (Stylohyoid, Stylopharyngeus, Styloglossus m.) - Hold Directly Posterior To (CN-VII Facial)

Question 41

Parietal Bone - Identify two structures (one external, one internal)

Answer 41

External = Superior Temporal Line (Temporalis m. Attachment) Internal = Groove for Superior Sagittal Sinus

Question 42

Frontal Bone - Identify and Describe Structure in Each Location 1- External / Supraorbital Notch/Foramen 2- Internal / Groove for Superior Sagittal Sinus 3- Orbital / Fossa for Lacrimal Gland

Answer 42

1- notch above eye, Supraorbital n., a. & v. 2- crest 3- Internal, Anterior Superior Lateral orbit socket wall

Question 43

Cribriform Plate Crystal Galli

Answer 43

- Spongy looking at anterior floor of skull cavity - Protuberance between Cribriform Plate (Falx Cerebri attaches)

Question 44

Identify Lacrimal Bone

Answer 44

Medial Anterior Border of Orbital

Question 45

Where is the Maxilla Bone?

Answer 45

Left & Right side of nose, moving inward behind nose

Question 46

Identify Infraorbital Foramen. Describe contents.

Answer 46

Hole under eye. Infraorbital n., a. & v.

Question 47

Identify the Infraorbital Groove/Canal. What goes through?

Answer 47

Infraorbital n., a. & v.

Question 48

Identify Palatine Bones. Horizontal / Perpendicular Plate. Greater & Lesser Palatine Canal/Foramen.

Answer 48

Posterior portion of nasal cavity. Horizontal = floor, Perpendicular = Wall. Inferior Floor: Greater = larger hole, Lesser = smaller hole.

Question 49

Zygomatic Bone: -Lateral Surface (What attaches here?) -Temporal Surface -Orbital Surface

Answer 49

Cheek Bone -Face (Zygomaticus Major, Masseter Muscles) -Connecting with Zygomatic Arch -Region bordering eye socket