Spinal degeneration

Question 1

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 1

Vertebra inflamed and fused with another

Cause - HLA B27 gene

This caused flattening of curves in spine

Affected areas - spine, pelvis, hips, shoulders

complications - eye inflammation / blurred vision. Compression fractures

Question 2

Spondylolysis

Answer 2

Stress fracture

Young athletes / kids teens developing

Lower back pain, radiates to posterior thigh and buttocks. Worse with movement

Question 3

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 3

Vertebra slides out of place, traps nerves and can cause fracture

pain
stiffness
radiates down legs, SIJ
tight hamstrings

congenital, degeneration, trauma

can lead to another condition called cauda equina syndrome.

Question 4

Spondylosis

Answer 4

Degeneration conditions, OA, bone spurs, disc herniated,

Causes - age, can start at 20, family history, repetition

Numbness, pins and needles, stiffness, reduced ROM,

Question 5

Stages of dics herniation

Answer 5

Protrusion of nucleus starts

Prolapse of nucleus pushing on annular / cartilage end plate

Extrusion nucleus breaks through all layers of disc

Sequestration nucleus breaks through all layers and then erupts

Question 6

Spinal stenosis

Answer 6

Narrowing of the spinal canal

causes - bone spurs, tumor, herniation

over 50

numberness, weakness, pain, bad balance