Endocrine Flashcards
Hypothyroidism
def
Underactive thyroid gland
Hypothyroidism
s&s
intolerance to cold
weight gain
hairline/hair loss/hair brittle
extreme fatigue
face edema
thickened tongue - affects speech
muscle pain
dry skin
constipation
heavy periods
slowed heart rate
Hypothyroidism
cause
autoimmune diseases - diabetes
radiation - cancer treatment
thyroid surgery
pregnancy
Hypothyroidism
s&s
intolerance to cold
weight gain
hairline/hair loss/hair brittle
extreme fatigue
face edema
thickened tongue - affects speech
muscle pain
dry skin
constipation
heavy periods
Hyperthyroidism
Def
Overactive thyroid gland
Hyperthyroidism
s&s
intolerance to hot
Increased weight
missed/irregular periods
diarrhea
straight thin hair
localised edema
increased blood pressure and heart rate
tremors
increased breasts
hot face flashes
muscle wasting
–
Untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to weak, brittle bones. This condition is called osteoporosi
Hyperthyroidism
cause
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the thyroid gland. That prompts the thyroid to make too much thyroid hormone. Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.
Overactive thyroid nodules
Osteoporosis
def
weakening of bones from a increased breakdown of bone compared to formation of new bone = decreased bone density = fractures
Osteoporosis Types and cause
Postmenopausal - women over 40
due to a lack of estrogen which inhibits bone resorption
Senile - age related 70+
Osteoporosis Symptoms
Compression fractures - mostly in vertebra, scapula, ribs. femoral head and radial head
increased kyphosis + decreased height
osteoporosis risk factors
high amount of:
alcohol
smoking
decreased level of physical activity
cushing syndrome
osteoporosis what does it do to the bone
thins it
widening bone canals
decreased bone tissue
