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DPT 692 - Neuroscience > Spinal Cord - Revision > Flashcards

Spinal Cord - Revision Flashcards

1
Q

What is the filum terminale?

Spinal Cord

A

The filum terminale is connective tissue and glia that attaches the end of the spinal cord to the coccyx.

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2
Q

What is the cauda equina?

Spinal Cord

A

The cauda equina consists of nerve roots ending inferior to the spinal cord, particularly below L2 to S5, that travel downward before exiting.

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3
Q

Describe the composition of the central part of the spinal cord.

Spinal Cord

A

The central part of the spinal cord consists of an H-shaped pattern of gray matter.

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4
Q

What is the function of the ventral horn in the spinal cord?

Spinal Cord

A

The ventral horn processes motor information with the cell bodies of motor neurons located here.

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5
Q

What does the dorsal horn process in the spinal cord?

Spinal Cord

A

The dorsal horn processes sensory information; cell bodies are found in the dorsal root ganglion.

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6
Q

What is the role of the lateral horn in the spinal cord?

Spinal Cord

A

The lateral horn processes autonomic information.

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7
Q

How many spinal cord segments are there and what are they?

Spinal Cord

A

There are 31 spinal cord segments:

  • 8 cervical,
  • 12 thoracic,
  • 5 lumbar,
  • 5 sacral,
  • 1 coccygeal.
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8
Q

What is the spinal cord’s relationship with the vertebral column?

Spinal Cord

A
  • The spinal cord is shorter than the vertebral column
  • Below C2 the spinal segments do NOT correspond to vertebral levels.
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9
Q

What is the function of the meninges?

Spinal Cord

A

The meninges are layers of connective tissue that protect the spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater.

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10
Q

What is the epidural space?

Spinal Cord

A

The epidural space is located between the dura mater and the vertebrae.

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11
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Ventral / Anterior Horn: Motor information (cell bodies of motor neurons lie here).

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12
Q

Spinal Cord

A
  • Axons leave the anterolateral cord in small groups called rootlets .
  • Ventral rootlets form a single segment to form a VENTRAL ROOT.
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13
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Dorsal Horn: Processes sensory information.

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14
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A
  • Cell bodies are in the dorsal root ganglion.
  • Dorsal root contains sensory axons that bring information into the spinal cord and enters the posterolateral spinal cord via rootlets.
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15
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Lateral Horn: Autonomic information.

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16
Q

Myotomes

  • L1-L2 = ?
  • L3 = ?
  • L4 = ?
  • L5 = ?
  • L5-S1 = ?
  • S1-S2 = ?

Spinal Cord

A

- Myotomes:

  • L1-L2 = Hip Flexion
  • L3 = Knee Extension
  • L4 = Ankle Dorsiflexion
  • L5 = Great Toe Extension
  • L5-S1 = Plantar Flexion
  • S1-S2 = Plantar Flexion & Eversion
17
Q

Separates individual axons = ?

Spinal Cord

A

Endoneurium: Separates individual axons

18
Q

Surrounds bundles of axons (fascicles) = ?

Spinal Cord

A

Perineurium: Surrounds bundles of axons (fascicles).

19
Q

Encloses the entire nerve trunk = ?

Spinal Cord

A

Epineurium: Encloses the entire nerve trunk.

20
Q

Proprioceptive and touch information fibers are located = ?

Spinal Cord

A

Proprioceptive and touch information fibers are located medially.

21
Q

Small diameter fibers for nociception and temperature are located = ?

Spinal Cord

A

Small diameter fibers for nociception and temperature are located laterally.

22
Q

C8 nerve root runs between what vertebrae ?

Spinal Cord

A

C8 nerve root runs between C7 and T1 Vertebrae.

23
Q

T1 nerve root runs between what vertebrae ?

Spinal Cord

A

T1 nerve root runs between T1 and T2 vertebrae.

  • BELOW T1
  • ABOVE T2
24
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Visceral Sensory Nuclei: Visceral sensory nuclei are specialized structures within the central nervous system that process sensory information from the body’s internal organs.

25
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Somatic Sensory Nuclei: Somatic sensory nuclei are structures in the brainstem that process sensory information from the body before it reaches the brain.

  • This information includes touch, pain, temperature, and proprioception (the sense of body position)
26
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Somatic Motor Nuclei: Somatic motor nuclei are clusters of nerve cells in the brainstem and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movements.

27
Q

?

Spinal Cord

A

Autonomic Efferent Nuclei: Autonomic efferent nuclei are specialized groups of neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord that transmit motor signals to various organs, glands, and smooth muscles, thereby regulating involuntary bodily functions.

28
Q

What dermatome = ?

Spinal Cord

A

What dermatome = C5

29
Q

What dermatomes = ?

Spinal Cord

A

What dermatomes…

  • Red = C6
  • Blue = C7
  • Yellow = C8
30
Q

What dermatome = ?

Spinal Cord

A

What dermatome = T4

DPT 692 - Neuroscience (18 decks)

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