Spinal Cord intro Flashcards
3 parts of the cerebellum
vermis, paravermis (lateral to the vermis), and cerebellar hemispheres
Which parts of the body are coordinated by which parts of the cerebellum
vermis coordinates the trunk
cerebellar hemispheres coordinate arm and leg movements
How long is the spinal cord?
foramen magnum to L1 vertebral level
What is the name of the tapering thing after the spinal cord has ended?
conus medullaris
What is the name for the spinal nerves in the vertebral canal?
cauda equina
What is spinal cord grey matter? What are the divisions, and what is contained in each division?
grey matter: cell bodies. dorsal horn has sensor axons and secondary sensory cell bodies. ventral horn has cell bodies of lower motor neurons. Lateral horn in thoracic and upper lumbar cord that has intermedioateral cell column of preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies.
How is the grey matter of the spinal cord divided (very specific)
Laminae of Rexed (10 total) Laminae I-V have secondary sensory bodies. VI-VIII have interneurons. IX has lower motor neurons, and X is the commissural gray around the central canal.
How is the white matter of the spinal cord divided?
into the dorsal, lateral, and ventral funiculi. dorsal mostlay has ascending somatosensory tracts. lateral and ventrial have both ascending sensory and descending motor tracts.
Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system located? Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the parasymathetic nervous system located?
sympathetic: intermediolateral cell column of T1-L2
parasympathetic: four brain stem cranial nerve nuclei and intermediate gray of S2-4.
Where are post ganglionic cell bodies found for the sympathetic nervous system? How are they connected to the spinal cord?
sympathetic chain ganglia at all spinal levels. attach to spinal nerves by gray (proximal) and white (distal) rami communicantes. axon of preganglionic cell travels in the white ramus; axon of postganglionic cell in the gray ramus.
Also in the sympathetic collateral canclia from splanchnic nerves that exit from the sympathetic chain gangila.
What is the nucleus for the parasympathetic functions of CNIII? What is the ganglion? What is the target?
nucleus: edinger-westphal
ganglion: ciliary
target: pupillary constriction and accomodation
What is the nucleus for the parasympathetic functions of CNVII? What is the ganglion? What is the target?
nucleus: superior salivatory
ganglion: pterygopalatine
target: lacrimal glands
ALSO, the submandibular ganglion, which targets the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands.
What is the nucleus for the parasympathetic functions of CNIX? What is the ganglion? Whats is the target?
nucleus: inferior salivatory. Ganglion is the otic. target is the parotid gland (main salivatory gland).
What is the nucleus for the parasympathetic functions of CNX? What is the ganglion? What is the target?
nucleus: dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve
ganglion: intramural
target: heart, lung, liver, gut to splenic flexure
Where are the postganglionic cell bodies for the sacral portion of the parasympathetics?
intramural ganglia within the walls of the organ being innervated
