Spices with health benefits Flashcards
List examples of herbs with health benefits
10
anise, black pepper, cinnamon, cloves, coriander, ginger, sage, saffron, thyme to turmeric.
C. longa (and ginger) belongs to the family
Zingiberaceae
Facts about plants in Zingiberaceae
Plants from this family are rich in essential oils which contain terpene-based compounds.
Facts about rhizomes of C.longa
The rhizomes (underground stems) of have been cultivated for centuries in parts of Asia, mainly India and Indo-Malaysia. Currently it is grown C. longa and used more widely. Turmeric is the dried ground rhizome which has a distinctive dark yellow colour
State other uses of Curcumin
it has a long traditional medicine use for over 2000 years for liver disorders and inflammatory conditions in Ayurvedic medicine. Recent evidence has demonstrated that curcumin does exhibit potent anti-inflammatory activity. Interestingly, turmeric has been shown to be hepatoprotective against liver damage by e.g. paracetamol. There is some indication that it also protects against stomach ulcers, and has antispasmodic and antibacterial activities.
State the main compound that display anti-inflammatory property in C.longa
curcuminoids
The main compound of interest that has received considerable attention in C.longa is known as
curcumin
Curcumin is a ———compound with a diketone chain and symmetry within its structure.
phenolic
List the health benefits associated with curcumin
Curcumin seems to be associated with many health benefits for a number of diseases for prevention and as well for treatment which include ____, _________, _____, inflammatory bowel disease and many others that have associated inflammation. It has also been found to promote ___________ since it inhibits inducible ____________ by interacting with transcription factors, pro-inflammatory transcription ________ and _________. Inhibition of _________ has also been demonstrated.
Curcumin seems to be associated with many health benefits for a number of diseases for prevention and as well for treatment which include allergies, arthritis, Alzheimer’s, inflammatory bowel disease and many others that have associated inflammation. It has also been found to promote anticancer activity since it inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase by interacting with transcription factors, pro-inflammatory transcription NF-κB and AP-1. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase has also been demonstrated.
What part of C.longa has been shown to display anti-asthmatic, anti-mutagenic and anti-cancer activity?
polysaccharide fraction
C. longa or curcumin have been shown to be tolerated in large doses and not to be toxic. true/false
True
Studies have shown that its bioavailability is limited via the oral route and metabolised fairly quickly. True/false
True
What is the scientific name of ginger?
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae
State the uses of ginger
Ginger has been used as a culinary herb and as a medicinal-herbal agent (carminative and aid digestion) for many centuries in many parts of Asia (Ayurvedic medicine) and parts of Europe, associated with Greek and Romans.
State the medicinal uses of ginger
Ginger root is promoted medicinally for motion sickness and as an antiemetic. It is also being used for postoperative nausea and morning sickness with pregnancy. Studies have shown that it also helps alleviate pain and inflammation associated with rheumatism.
Ginger contains ——- which has a characteristic odour
volatile oil
Ginger contains various ——- and —–
It contains various mono- and sesqui-terpenoids,
State the compounds in ginger that are prompting interest
are a series of phenolic structures called ‘gingerols’.
State the most abundant gingerol
is where n = 4 (6-gingerol).
Facts about gingerol
These compounds are not very stable, and the process of drying or heating converts them to the corresponding ‘shogaols
What is responsible for the spicy smell that is often associated with dry ginger?
‘shogaols’.
State the benefit of gingerols on the body
orally administered 6-gingerol has been shown to overcome the vomiting reaction to cyclophosphamide
ginger and gingerols have been shown to reduce levels of __________ that causes inflammation. TRUE /FALSE
ginger and gingerols have been shown to reduce levels of PGE2 (prostaglandin that causes inflammation. TRUE /FALSE
State the pharmacological properties of Shagoals
Shogaols (for example 2, 7–10)] have pharmacological properties that in vitro mimic the __________ in intact human leukocytes, while an extract of________ was found to reduce inflammation associated with arthritis by inhibition in the production of ____________ (small proteins that are released by cells such as ___________ and __________ at sites of inflammation).
Shogaols (for example 2, 7–10)] have pharmacological properties that in vitro mimic the dual-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in intact human leukocytes, while an extract of Z. officinale was found to reduce inflammation associated with arthritis by inhibition in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (small proteins that are released by cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages at sites of inflammation).
