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Plants & People > Spices > Flashcards

Spices Flashcards

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1
Q

Spices are:

A

Aromatic plant parts - spiciness from secretory tissues

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2
Q

T/F

Spices are/have been regarded as sacred

A

True - they may be considered a method to commune with spirits

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3
Q

T/F

Spices cannot be used to preserve food

A

False - they can have antibiotic & preservative purposes

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4
Q

The richness of Sheba came from:

A

commerce with spices: myrrh, black pepper, cloves, ginger & cinnamon

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5
Q

Myrrh is:

A

Red-brown resin spice worth more than its weight in gold

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6
Q 
Uses of Myrrh
A) Perfume/incense 
B) Antiseptic
C) Stimulant 
D) All of the above
A

D

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7
Q

T/F

Egypt did not value Myrrh

A

False - the first oceanographic cruise in human history was an Egyptian fleet to collect whole Myrrh plants to cultivate

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8
Q

T/F

Ancient egyptians only used a few spices for food

A

False - they used many for food but also for perfume & embalming

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9
Q

T/F

Black pepper has always been common

A

False - it was used only by the rich & could be a form of currency

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10
Q

Black & white pepper fruit is:

A

Drupe

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11
Q

The pepper plant is native to:

A

S/SE Asia

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12
Q

T/F

The black peppercorn and white peppercorn come from separate species of plant

A

False - White is the same as black with the external fruit part removed

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13
Q 
Which one is NOT a property of pepper?
A) Antioxidant
B) Aphrodesiac 
C) Contains piperine 
D) Increases metabolism 
E) Increases serotonin & endorphins in the brain
A

B

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14
Q

Ginger is native to:

A

S Asia

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15
Q 
Ginger can help with:
A) Nausea
B) Dizziness 
C) Inflammation 
D) All of the above
A

D

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16
Q

T/F

Ginger has antioxidant properties

A

True

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17
Q

Cinnamon is native to

A

India & Sri Lanca (S Asia)

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18
Q

T/F

Cinnamon is the fruit part of the plant

A

False - it is the bark

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19
Q 
Benefits of eating the cinnamon plant include: 
A) Antibiotic 
B) Antipsychotic 
C) Aphrodesiac
D) Antiviral
A

D

20
Q

What component of cinnamon has colon cancer preventative properties?

A

Cinnamic aldehyde

21
Q

How does cinnamon prevent cancer?

A

Antioxidant & Anti-melanoma

22
Q

Cloves are native from:

A

Indonesia

23
Q 
Cloves come from this part of the plant:
A) Root
B) Stem
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
E) Seeds
A

D

24
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a property of cloves?
A) Reduces blood sugar levels
B) Antiviral 
C) Stimulant
D) mild anesthetic
A

C

25
Q

T/F

In China cloves were considered a spice for the commoners

A

False - Court officials used them to have better breath before addressing the emperor

26
Q 
Which animal was used for trade?
A) Horses
B) Donkeys
C) Dogs
D) Camels
A

D

27
Q

What 2 methods of transport were used for spice trading?

A

Land & Sea

28
Q

The Incense road passed through:

A

Somalia/Ethiopia –> India –> Gaza/Alexandria

29
Q

The Ottoman Empire obstructed the Silk Road & Spice Route, resulting in:

A

Colonization & new age discovery

30
Q

T/F

Spices caused the “discovery” of America

A

True - Columbus & Magellan tried to get to Asia to get more spices but landed in S America

31
Q

Which spices were found in S America?

A

Vanilla & hot peppers

32
Q

Vanilla is native to

A

Mexico

33
Q

Which part of the plant makes the vanilla spice?

A

Seed Pod

34
Q 
What can vanilla be used for?
A) Flavouring
B) Perfume
C) Medicine 
D) All of the above
A

D

35
Q

Xocolatl was:

A

A cocoa drink with vanilla and chillies

36
Q

Where is the most vanilla produced now?

A

Madagascar

37
Q

What is the most expensive spice?

A

Saffron - it takes 200,000 flowers for 1kg of spice which must be collected by hand

38
Q

T/F

Saffron is a very old spice

A

True - it is the oldest documented used spice (fresco from the Bronze Age) (Iran)

39
Q 
The spice saffron is from this part of the plant: 
A) Stamens
B) Roots
C) Petals
D) Seeds
A

A

40
Q

What colour is Saffron dye?

A

Yellow

41
Q

Which ancient culture started using perfume first?

A

Ancient Egypt & Mesopotamia

42
Q

Which ancient culture developed floral perfumes?

A

Ancient Rome - using crushed spices in oil

43
Q

T/F

Distillation is the method of extraction fragrance most used today

A

True - developed by Avicenna

44
Q

Why do flowers smell?

A

To attract pollinators

45
Q

How do flowers smell?

A

Through volatile compounds produced by secretory tissues

46
Q

How does Headspace Analysis work?

A

Odour molecules in the air around the flower is sucked through a filter, chromatography/mass spectroscopy analyze molecules & are synthetically replicated

Plants & People (18 decks)

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