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Plants & People > Lecture 21 > Flashcards

Lecture 21 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Prostate swelling

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2
Q

Which of the following treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?
A) stinging nettle
B) saw palmetto

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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3
Q

What is the method of action of stinging nettles?

A

Unknown

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4
Q 
Which of the following are present in stinging nettle roots?
A) caffeine
B) lignans 
C) lectins
D) alkaloids
E) polysaccharides
A

B, C, E

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5
Q 
Which organ of the saw palmetto is medicinal?
A) roots
B) leaves
C) flowers
D) fruits
A

D

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6
Q

What chemical in saw palmetto is important for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Sterols

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7
Q 
Which plants prevent prostate cancer?
A) coffee
B) tomato
C) saw palmetto
D) pomegranate
A

B, D

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8
Q 
Which plants have the active ingredient Icariin?
A) horny goat weed 
B) tomato
C) saw palmetto
D) pomegranate
A

A

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9
Q

How does Icariin increase fertility/decrease erectile dysfunction?

A

Icariin mimics testosterone & enhances bioactive nitric oxide

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10
Q

What is Dodder medicinally used for?

A

Erectile dysfunction & fertility

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11
Q

T/F

There are a few spermicidal plants

A

False

there are many

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12
Q

Name 3 spermicidal plants

A

Sesbania
Gendarussa
Papaya

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13
Q

How do phytoestrogens affect women’s health?

A

They have estrogenic or antiestrogenic effects

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14
Q 
Which of the following is an effect of phytoestrogens?
A) protect against menopausal disorders
B) stimulant
C) prevent cancer
D) prevent cardiovascular disease
E) prevent osteoporosis
A

All but B

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15
Q

Where can you get dietary phytoestrogens?

A

soy foods, flax, nuts, whole grains, apples, celery – lots of others

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16
Q

T/F

The first contraceptive pill was made from a plant

A

True

Sarsaparilla

17
Q

What is the active ingredient in sarsaparilla?

A

Diosgenin - synthesized into both progesterone & testosterone - use estradiol/estrone in meds

18
Q

T/F

Diosgenin is non-steroidal

A

False

It is a steroidal sapogenin

19
Q

Which of the following is not a benefit of diosgenin?
A) anticoagulant
B) anti-inflammatory
C) antioxidant

A

A

20
Q

T/F

Diosgenin can be used to treat cancer

A

True

21
Q

What is Diosgenin useful for?

A

Cancer, diabetes, blood disorders, obesity

22
Q

T/F

Medicinal plants are all well understood by science

A

False

many are unknown but were used by animistic cultures

23
Q 
Which plant can be used for menstrual cramps and menopause?
A) trillium
B) garlic
C) black cohosh
D) tomatoes
A

C

24
Q

How does black cohosh work?

A

Has compounds activate serotonin receptors

25
Q

T/F

Black cohosh has phytoestrogens that have estrogenic effects on the body

A

False

Does have phytoestrogens though

26
Q

How does the chaste tree reduce sex drive?

A

Dopaminergic effects = changes in prolactin = reduce sex hormones

27
Q

T/F

Dong Quai was used as a tea, tincture, and in capsule form

A

True

28
Q

Dong Quai is useful for:

A

PMS & menstrual cramps

29
Q

How does cranberry reduce UTI?

A

Proanthocianidins prevent bacteria in the urinary tract

Plants & People (18 decks)

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