Plants as Chemical Factories

Question 1

T/F

Active ingredients are usually secondary metabolites

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What do laticifers secrete?
A) Milk
B) Lactose
C) Latex
D) Sap

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Articulated laticifers are:

Answer 3

A series of secretory cells joined together

Question 4

Non-articulated laticifers are:

Answer 4

One long secretory cell

Question 5

What is the purpose of laticifers in Cuscuta flowers?

Answer 5

Defence against insects

Question 6

T/F

Resin and gum ducts are only present in the leaves of a plant

Answer 6

False - they’re present in every tissue

Question 7

What purpose do gum ducts serve?

Answer 7

Antimicrobial/antifungal & healing aid

Question 8

T/F

Resin ducts are more common in gymnosperms

Answer 8

True - gum ducts are more common in dicots

Question 9

How does cannabis secrete compounds?

Answer 9

From glandular hairs

Question 10

T/F

Stinging nettles secrete irritants from stinging hairs

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Define allelopathy

Answer 11

Herbicides made by plants to protect them against other plants

Question 12

How many alkaloids are used by plants?

Answer 12

5000

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics apply to alkaloids?
A) Contain Nitrogen
B) Sweet tasting
C) Acidic 
D) Anti-herbivory 
E) Negative impact on nervous systems

Answer 13

A, D, E

B&C are opposite

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an alkaloid?
A) Nicotine
B) Morphine
C) Quinine 
D) Ephedrine
E) Caffeine
F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Answer 14

F

Question 15

T/F

Alkaloids have a strong smell

Answer 15

False - they are odourless

Question 16

T/F

Glycosides have a sugar molecule attached to the active component

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T/F

Very few glycosides are considered toxic

Answer 17

False - most are b/c anti-herbivory

Question 18

Characteristics of cyanogenic glycosides:

Answer 18

Release cyanide (HCN)

Question 19

Characteristics of cardiac glycosides:

Answer 19

Steroidal nucleus

Question 20

Characteristics of saponins:

Answer 20

Steroidal nucleus, froth with water

Question 21

T/F

All glycosides can be used medicinally

Answer 21

False - cyanogenic cannot

Question 22

Which of the following will cardiac glycosides act upon/work as?
A) Heart muscle
B) Expectorant
C) Antipyretic
D) Anti-inflammatory 
E) Analgesic 
F) RBC hemolysis

Answer 22

A

Question 23

Which of the following will sapinins act upon/work as?
A) Heart muscle
B) Expectorant
C) Antipyretic
D) Anti-inflammatory 
E) Analgesic 
F) RBC hemolysis

Answer 23

B, D, F

Question 24

Which of the following will alcoholic glycosides act upon/work as?
A) Heart muscle
B) Expectorant
C) Antipyretic
D) Anti-inflammatory 
E) Analgesic 
F) RBC hemolysis

Answer 24

C, D, E

Question 25

T/F

Tannins are polyphenolic

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Which is INCORRECT about Tannins?
A) Astringent
B) Sweet
C) Bind/precipitate proteins

Answer 26

B

Question 27

What function do tannins & resins have in plants?
A) Wound healing 
B) Antimicrobial 
C) Attract pollinators
D) All of the above
E) A&B

Answer 27

E

Question 28

T/F

Tannins are only present in the leaves of the plant

Answer 28

False - they’re in many organs including the bark & wood

Question 29

T/F

Resins are lipids

Answer 29

False - they’re carbohydrates

Question 30

How are resins secreted?

Answer 30

Through canals/ducts

Question 31

What function do tannins & resins have for people?
A) Anti-inflammatory 
B) Irritant 
C) Antioxidant 
D) All of the above 
E) A & C

Answer 31

E

Question 32

Essential oils are NOT:
A) Hydrophobic
B) Volatile 
C) Odourless
D) Antimicrobial

Answer 32

C