Speech and Language - Fitz Flashcards
Outline very basically the primary language pathway:
Visual/Auditory cortex -> Wernicke’s Area ->thru arcuate fasciculus -> Broca’s Area -> Primary Motor Cortex
Assuming that an individual’s handedness corresponds with their dominant hemisphere, for a right-handed person what are the general left brain functions ?
Positive emotions
Grammar and syntax
Writing
Speech
Assuming that an individual’s handedness corresponds with their dominant hemisphere, for a right-handed person what are the general right brain functions ?
Recognition of emotions and negative emotions
Prosody & recognition of emotional content of speech
Spatial abilities (ex. face recognition)
Rudimentary speech
How do the three primary organs act to alter speech production?
o Lungs, which act as an air reservoir
o Larynx, which generates the pulsatile quality of “voiced” sounds due to the actions of the vocal folds
o Pharynx and the oral and nasal cavities, which filter the sounds, making them characteristic of an individual’s voice
What is gershwind’s territory?
Located in inferior parietal lobe - multimodal
Output synapses to both Wernicke’s and Broca’s area
Responsible for recognition and labeling of items
Matures later, may be keeping kids from reading
Describe the stages of speech:
Airstream in lungs
Vibration of vocal cord - open and close at fundamental frequency that determines your pitch
Filtering by vocal tract - formant peaks created by altering in shape of your vocal tract - makes vowel sounds!!!!!
Opening and closing of vocal folds - produces consonant sounds
What do we do with phones?
NO we don’t call people with them…
200 phones - combine to form syllables - syllables make words - words make sentences
What is the difference between fluent and non-fluent aphasia?
Fluent: Generation Okay, comprehension of language is poor
Non-fluent: Comprehension okay, generation poor
What re the 4 different types of dysphasia?
Receptive aphasia - Wernicke’s
–deficits in auditory and written comprehension
Conductive Aphasia - Arcuate Fasciculus (fluent)
- -cannot repeat words
- -inability to come up with words (Gershwimd’s)
Expressive Aphasia - Broca’s (non-fluent)
- -impaired verbal and oral expression
- -imparied organization and control of speech
Global Aphasia
- -large areas of damage
- -profound deficits in both
What is aprosody?
How does it occur?
Inability to comprehend expression of emotional qualities
Occurs with damage to the right side language equivalnets
Describe what’s happening in your brain as you take notes!
Cochlear hair cells Primary Auditory Cortex Wernicke's Arcuate Fasciculus Broca's Primary Motor Cervical Cord Radial/Ulnar/Median Nerves
