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Specific Toxicity Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

AChE inhibitors, organophosphates (elevated Ach)

A

Atropine > pralidoxime

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3
Q

Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

A

Physostigmine, control hyperthermia

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4
Q

Arsenic

A

Dimercaprol, succimer

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5
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Flumazenil

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6
Q

Beta-blockers

A

Atropine, glucagon

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7
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

100 % O2, hyperbaric O2

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8
Q

Copper

A

Penicillamine, trientine Copper penny

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9
Q

Cyanide

A

Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

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10
Q

Digitalis (digoxin)

A

Anti-dig Fab fragments

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11
Q

Heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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12
Q

Iron

A

Deferoxamine, deferasirox, deferiprone

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13
Q

Lead

A

EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer (children), penicillamine

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14
Q

Mercury

A

Dimercaprol, succimer

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15
Q

Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

Fomepizole > ethanol, dialysis

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16
Q

Methemoglobin

A

Methylene blue, vitamin C

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17
Q

Opioids

A

Naloxone

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18
Q

Salicylates

A

NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

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19
Q

TCAs

A

NaHCO3

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20
Q

Warfarin

A

Vitamin K (delayed), fresh frozen plasma (immediate)

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21
Q

Teratogen: ACE inhibitor

A

Renal damage

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22
Q

Terat: Alkylating agents

A

Absence of digits, multiple anomalies

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23
Q

Terat: Aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity (vestib or coch)

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24
Q

Terat: Antiepileptics

A
  • Cardia defects
  • Clefts
  • NT defects
  • Skeletal abnormalities (phalanx/nail hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism)
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25
Terat: Diethylstilbestrol
VAGINAL CLEAR CELL ADENOCARCINOMA, congenital Mullerian anomalies
26
Terat: Folate antagonists
NTDs
27
Terat: Iso(TERAT)inoin
multiple severe: micro/hydrocephaly, clefts, cardiac
28
Terat: Lithium
Ebstein anomaly
29
Terat: Methimazole (anti-thyroid)
Aplasia cutis congenita
30
Terat: Tetracycline
Discolored teeth, inhibited bone growth
31
Terat: Thalidomide (for leprosy skin problems and MM)
``` Limb defects (phocomelia = flipper limbs) *thaLIMBdomide* ```
32
Terat: Warfarin
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities Keep babies Heppy (happy) with heparin (doesn't cross placenta)
33
Terat: Cocaine
Low birth weight, preterm, IUGR, PLACENTAL ABORTION cocaine --> vasoconstriction
34
Terat: Smoking (causative agents?)
LEADING CAUSE OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, SIDS nicotine --> vasoconstriction CO --> impaired O2 delivery
35
Terat: Iodine imbalances
Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)
36
Terat: Maternal DM
CAUDAL REGRESSION SYNDROME (anal atresia, poorly developed lumbar spine and sacrum, SIRENOMELIA = mermaid syndrome), congenital heart defects, NTDs, macrosomia, neonatal HYPOglycemia
37
Terat: methylmercury (swordfish, shark, tilefish, king mackerel)
neurotoxicity
38
Terat: Excess Vit A
HIGH RISK FOR ABORTION (A = ABORTION) and birth defects
39
Terat: X-rays
Microcephaly, intellectual disability
40
Terat: Alcohol
= failure of cell migration --> HEART LUNG FISTULA and holoprosencephaly (also Tri 13, and SHH mutations) FAS characteristic smooth philtrum, thin vermillion border, small palpebral fissures can also have limb dislocation and heart defects severe IQ disability (most common cause)
41
Coronary Vasospasm
CASE | Cocaine, Amphetamines, Sumatriptan, Ergot Alks
42
Cutaneous Flushing
VANNCE | Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Nitrates, Ca ch blockers, ECHINOCANDINS
43
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Anthracyclines (-rubicins) | TREAT w dexrazoxane
44
Torsades de pointes
``` ABCDE AntiArrhythmics (Ia, III), AntiBiotics (macrolides), AntiCyschotics (haloperidol), AntiDepressants (TCA), AntiEmetics (ondansetron) ```
45
Adrenocortical insufficiency
HPA suppression following glucocorticoid WITHDRAWAL
46
Diabetes insipidus
Lithium and demeclocycline
47
Hot flashes
Tamoxifen and clomiphine (SERMs)
48
Hyperglycemia
Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors (-navirs), Niacin, HCTZ, Corticosteroids Taking these Pills Necessitates Having blood Checked
49
Hypothyroidism
Lithium, Amiodarone, Sulfonamides
50
SIADH
Cyclophosphamides, SSRIs, Carbamazepine
51
Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Erythromycin
52
Diarrhea
``` AACCEEMMPQOrS Acamprosate Acarbose Cholinesterase inhibitors Colchicine Erythromycin Ezitimibe Misoprostol Metformin Pramlinitide Quinidine Orlistat (lipase inhibitor) SSRIs ```
53
Focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Liver "HAVAc" | Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
54
Hepatitis
``` "F RIPS" Fibrates Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Statins ```
55
Pancreatitis
``` "Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress" Didanosine Corticosteroids Alcohol Valproic acid Azathioprine Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ) ```
56
Pill-induced esophagitis
Bisphosphonates Ferrous sulfate Potassium chloride Tetracycline
57
Pseudomembranous colitis
Ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones
58
What is (DRESS) drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms?
Potentially fatal Delayed hypersensitivity (2-8 wks) Fever, morbilliform skin rash, frequent multi-organ involvement Tx w corticosteroids and stopping the offending agent
59
DRESS drugs
Allopurinol, anticonvulsants, antibiotics, sulfa drugs
60
Gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
61
Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
``` DIS PAIN Dapsone Isoniazid Sulfonamides Primaquine Aspirin Ibuprofen Nitrofurantoin ```
62
Megaloblastic anemia
``` UR having a blast with PMS HydroxyURea Phenytoin Methotrexate Sulfa drugs ```
63
Thromboctyopenia
Heparin
64
Thrombotic complications
Estrogen things OCPs Hormone replacements SERMS (tamoxifen, clomiphene, raloxifene)
65
Thrombotic complications
Estrogen things OCPs Hormone replacements SERMS (tamoxifen, clomiphene, raloxifene)
66
Fat Redistribition
Protease inhibitors and glucocorticoids
67
Gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin, cyclosporine, Ca ch blockers
68
Hyperuricemia (gout)
``` "Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care" Pyrazinamide Thiazide Furosemide Niacin Cyclosporine ```
69
Myopathy
``` Statins, fibrates, niacin Colchicine Daptomycin, Penicillamine Glucocorticoids Hydroxychloroquine INF-alpha ```
70
Osteoporosis
Aromatase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, GnRH agonists, heparan
71
Photosensitivity
``` "SAT For a PHOTO" Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline 5-FU ```
72
Rash (SJS)
Anti-epileptic drugs (LAMOTRIGINE), allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillin
73
Drug induced Lupus
``` "SHIPP-E" Sulfa drugs Hydralazine Isoniazid Procainamide Phenytoin Etanercept ```
74
Teeth Discoloration
Tetracylcines
75
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage
Fluoroquinolones

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