Cardiovascular Flashcards
–> SVC
Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
Right horn of sinus venosus–>
Smooth part of right atrium (sinus venarum)
–> Coronary sinus
Left horn of sinus venosus
Primitive pulmonary vein –>
Smooth part of left atrium
Primitive ventricle –>
Trabeculated part of left and right ventricles
—> Trabeculated part of left and right atria
Primitive atrium
Endocardial cushion –> (4)
Atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum; AV and semilunar valves
Bulbus cordis –>
Smooth parts (outflow tract) of left and right ventricles
–> Ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
Truncus arteriosus
Allantois –> urachus –>
Median umbilical ligament
Notochord –>
Nucleus pulposus
Umbilical aa –>
Medial umbilical ligaments
Umbilical v –>
Ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament)
… in falciform ligament
Autoregulation of organs =
How BLOOD FLOW to an organ remains constant over a wide range of PERFUSION PRESSURES
Autoreg: Heart
By relative myocardial hypoxia (Increased work)
Vasodilatory metabolites: adenosine, NO
CO2 and dec. O2
Autoreg: Brain
Vasodilatory metabolites: CO2 (pH)
Autoreg: Kidneys
Myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback
Autoreg: Lungs
Hypoxia => vasoconstriction *
Autoreg: Skeletal m.
During exercise: Local metabolites (CHALK) CO2 H+ Adenosine LA K+ At rest: sympathetic tone
Autoreg: Skin
Sympathetic stimulation (for temperature control)
Alcohol exposure in utero (fetal alcohol syndrome) —>
VSD, ASD, PDA, ToF
Congenital rubella –>
PDA, pulmonary stenosis, septal defects
Infant of diabetic mother –>
Transposition of great vessels
Marfan’s –>
MVP, THORACIC aortic aneurysm and dissection, aortic regurg
Williams syndrome –>
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
22q11–>
Truncus arterious, ToF
V1-V2
Anteroseptal LAD
V5-V6
LAD/LCX
V7-V9
Where would you see ST depression?
Posterior (PDA); V1-V3 with tall R waves
II, III, aVF
RCA
I, aVL
LCX
V3-V4
Anteroapical (distal LAD)
