Speciation Flashcards
Define speciation
The formation of a new species
Name and explain the 2 different types of Speciation
1) Allopatric speciation. Speciation where there is geographical isolation.
2) Sympatric speciation. Speciation where there is not geographical isolation.
What can result from Allopatric speciation? Give an example
Founder effect. Huntingtons disease in Afrikaans people
What can result from Sympatric speciation? Give an example
Hybrid sterility and infertile offspring. 2 different species mating.
Name different reproduction isolation mechanisms
1) Breeding At certain times
2) Species specific courtship behaviour
3) Adaptation to different pollenators
Define inbreeding. Explain its effect
Mating between individuals too closely related. Increases Homozygosity
Define outbreeding. Explain its effect
Mating between individuals who are distantly related. Promotes heterozygosity.