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Head and Neck > Special Senses Anatomy > Flashcards

Special Senses Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

3 openings at the apex of the orbit

A

Superior orbital fissure
Inferior orbital fissure
Optic foramen

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2
Q

Neurovascular structures passing through optic foramen

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

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3
Q

Neurovascular structures passing through superior orbital fissure

A

Motor nerves to eye - CN III, IV, VI
Branches of ophthalmic artery
Veins

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4
Q

Neurovascular structures passing through inferior orbital fissure

A

Maxillary division of CN V

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5
Q

Cranial nerves in the orbit

A

Optic - CN II
Oculomotor - CN III
Trochlear - CN IV
Abducent - CN VI

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6
Q

Function of optic nerve in the orbit

A

Carries visual impulses

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7
Q

Function of oculomotor nerve in the orbit

A

Supplies muscles going to the eye (except 2) and supplies levator muscle of eyelied

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8
Q

Function of trochlear nerve in the orbit

A

Supplies superior oblique muscle

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9
Q

Function of abducent nerve in the orbit

A

Supplies lateral rectus muscle

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10
Q

Function of fibrous coat of the eyeball

A

Contains collagen fibres which hold structures inside the eye together

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11
Q

Layers of the eyeball

A

Fibrous coat
Vascular coat
Sensory coat

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12
Q

Contents of vascular coat

A

Iris
Pupil
Ciliary body
Choroid plexus

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13
Q

Function of choroid plexus

A

provides nutrition to sensory layer

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14
Q

Contents of fibrous layer

A

Cornea

Sclera

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15
Q

What is the vitreous humor?

A

Transparent gel behind the iris that helps cushion the retina

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16
Q

Function of the cornea

A

Transparent so allows light rays to enter the eyeball

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17
Q

Function of the sclera

A

Gives attachment to muscles moving the eyeball

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18
Q

Function of ciliary body

A

Suspends the lens and produces aqueous humor

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19
Q

Function of iris

A

Controls diameter of the pupil and therefore the amount of light rays entering the eyeball

20
Q

What structures does the retina contain that allow us to see?

A

Rods and cones

21
Q

What is the aqueous humor?

A

Watery fluid anterior to the lens that helps to maintain intraocular pressure

22
Q

Function of the intrinsic ocular muscles

A

Control pupil diameter and help alter lens curvature

23
Q

Function of the extrinsic ocular muscles

A

Move the eye

24
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Ciliaris
Constrictor pupillae
Dilator pupillae

25
Q

Innervation of ciliaris and constrictor pupillae muscles

A

Parasympathetic via oculomotor nerve

26
Q

Innervation of dilator pupillae

A

Plexus around the blood vessels

27
Q

Straight extrinsic muscles

A

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus
Superior rectus

28
Q

Oblique extrinsic muscles

A

Superior oblique

Inferior oblique

29
Q

Where do the recti muscles arise from?

A

Apex of the orbit, from an annular fibrous ring

30
Q

Where does the superior oblique arise from?

A

Roof of the orbit, posteriorly

31
Q

Where does the inferior oblique arise from?

A

Floor of the orbit, anteriorly

32
Q

What muscle acts to elevate the eyelid?

A

Levator palpebrae superioris

33
Q

Actions of medial rectus

34
Q

Actions of lateral rectus

35
Q

Actions of superior rectus

A

Elevation, adduction, intorsion

36
Q

Actions of inferior rectus

A

Depression, adduction, extorsion

37
Q

Actions of superior oblique

A

Intorsion, depression, abduction

38
Q

Actions of inferior oblique

A

Extorsion, elevation, abduction

39
Q

Innervation of the lacrimal gland

A

Parasympathetic from facial nerve

40
Q

Tears drain through

A

punctae on medial side of each eyelid, then into the lacrimal sac

41
Q

Lacrimal sac drains through

A

nasolacrimal duct into inferior meatus

42
Q

Middle and inner ear are housed by

A

petrous part of temporal bone

43
Q

CN VII and VIII enter the skull through the

A

internal acoustic foramen

44
Q

Muscles in the middle ear

A

Tensor tympani

Stapedius

45
Q

Ear ossicles joint type

Head and Neck (12 decks)

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