Special Senses

Question 1

8 receptor types

Answer 1

1. Taste
2. Smell
3. Pressure
4. Proprioceptor
5. Audio
6. Photo
7. Thermo
8. Pain

Question 2

Taste receptor

Answer 2

Chemical detection with taste buds

Question 3

Smell receptor

Answer 3

Chemical detection by olfactory cells

Question 4

Pressure

Answer 4

Movement of the skin

Question 5

Proprioceptor

Answer 5

Spatial awareness, limbs

Question 6

Audio receptor

Answer 6

Detect sound waves

Question 7

Photo receptor

Answer 7

Detect wavelengths of light

Question 8

Thermo receptor

Answer 8

Detect heat changes

Question 9

Pain receptor

Answer 9

Protect us from environment

Question 10

sensory adaptation

Answer 10

Occurs when receptors become a custom to the stimulus. the neuron ceases to fire and receptors become less sensitive

Question 11

What is stimulus

Answer 11

A form of energy receptors convert outside energy into nerve action potentials

Question 12

Sclera (white part)

Answer 12

Supports and protects the internal eye

Question 13

Cornea

Answer 13

Reflects light towards the pupil also acts as protective covering

Question 14

Conjuctiva

Answer 14

Transparent layer around the sclera… Protection

Question 15

Aqueous humour

Answer 15

A liquid that supplies the cornea with nutrients and refracts light

Question 16

Choroid (layer)

Answer 16

Contains pigments that prevent scattering of light in the eye. contains blood vessels that feed the different structures

Question 17

Iris

Answer 17

Regulates the amount of light entering the eye

Question 18

Vitreous body(humour)

Answer 18

Maintains the shape of the eyeball and permits light transmission to the retina… Irreplaceable

Question 19

Lens

Answer 19

Focus is the image on the retina

Question 20

Pupil

Answer 20

Functions as a hole in the iris… Controls the amount of light that enters as well

Question 21

Retina

Answer 21

Thin layer of the eye containing the photo receptors (rods and cones)

Question 22

Rods

Answer 22

Detects shades(black and white)

• motion
• shares neurons
• have 125 million
• all over retina

Question 23

Cones

Answer 23

• Detects colour
• each has own neuron
• you have 7 million
• concentrated in fovea centralis

Question 24

Fovea centralis

Answer 24

Most sensitive area of the retina that contains only cones. Use for fine reading

Question 25

Blind spot

Answer 25

the optic nerve attaches to the retina there are no cons or rods

Question 26

Positive after image

Answer 26

After you look at a bright light and close your eyes and the image of the light you can still see

Question 27

Negative after image

Answer 27

After you look at bright colours they will reverse and colour when you look away

Question 28

Refraction

Answer 28

When light waves go through different mediums and they slow or bend

Question 29

Muscles and ligaments control…

Answer 29

The shape of the lens, allowing us to focus

Question 30

Accommodation

Answer 30

The adjustment of the lens to objects near and far

Question 31

When we see close our muscles…

Answer 31

Flex, and the lens is oval

Question 32

When we see far our muscles…

Answer 32

Relax, and our lens is round

Question 33

Three different types of cones

Answer 33

Each sensitive to one of the three primary colours of source light, Blue red and green

Question 34

Glaucoma

Answer 34

Caused by buildup of aqueous humor. Ducts are unable to drain excess fluid and the pressure may cause blood vessels to rupture which could lead to starvation of cells. (becomes misshapen)

Question 35

Cataract

Answer 35

Occurs when the lens or cornea becomes cloudy… Replacement surgery can be done

Question 36

Astigmatism

Answer 36

Is caused by an abnormal curvature of the lens or cornea… Would lead to poor focusing ability

Question 37

Nearsightedness (myopia)

Answer 37

Eyeball is too long so focal points it in front of right now concave lens can correct this problem

Question 38

Farsightedness (hyperopia)

Answer 38

Is caused by eyeball that is too short so focal points behind right now convex lens can correct this

Question 39

Two functions of ear

Answer 39

1. hearing | 2. equilibrium

Question 40

Three general areas of the ear

Answer 40

1. External ear 2. Middle ear 3. Inner ear

Question 41

Auricle (pinna)

Answer 41

Outer part of external ear, amplifies sound by funnelling it from large area into narrow auditory canal

Question 42

Auditory canal

Answer 42

Carrie sound waves to the Tympanic membrane

Question 43

Ceruminous gland

Answer 43

Secretes a waxy substance for protection

Question 44

Tympanic membrane

Answer 44

The eardrum, convert soundwaves into mechanical vibrations

Question 45

Ossicles

Answer 45

Bones that amplify and carry sound in the middle ear, three bones involved

Question 46

Oval window

Answer 46

Receive sound waves from the ossicles

Question 47

Round window

Answer 47

At the end of the cochlea to absorb fluid waves preventing echos

Question 48

Eustachian tube

Answer 48

Airfield tube that equalize his air pressure in the external ear

Question 49

Vestibule

Answer 49

A chamber at the base of a semi circle canals, concerned with static equilibrium

Question 50

Semi circle canals

Answer 50

Fluid filled structures that provide information concerning dynamic equilibrium

Question 51

Cochlea

Answer 51

A coil tube within the inner ear that identifies sound waves and convert them into nerve impulses

Question 52

Cochlear fluid

Answer 52

Bathes the cochlear membranes and hairs of the organ Corti also carries vibrations

Question 53

Organ of Corti

Answer 53

Changes the mechanical vibrations to nerve impulses

Question 54

Two main components of Equilibrium

Answer 54

Static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium

Question 55

Static equilibrium

Answer 55

Involves movement along one plane

Question 56

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 56

Provides information during movement