Cell Division

Question 1

Cell cycle

Answer 1

Involves mitosis and interphase

Question 2

4 stages of mitosis

Answer 2

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 3

What happens in interphase

Answer 3

Cell growth and DNA replication

Question 4

Centromere

Answer 4

is the middle section between sister chromatids

Question 5

Kinetchores

Answer 5

The little hooks on the sides of sister chromatids

Question 6

What happens in S phase

Answer 6

Chromosomes go from unduplicated to duplicated

Question 7

What happens in G1 and G2

Answer 7

The cell is growing

Question 8

Prophase

Answer 8

Nucleus breaks down
Spindle fibres and centrioles form
Chromatin condenses

Question 9

Metaphase

Answer 9

Chromosomes line up on equatorial plate

Question 10

Anaphase

Answer 10

Sister chromatids pull apart

Question 11

Telophase

Answer 11

• Nucleus starts to form
• Chromosomes unwind into chromatin
• cytokinesis happens

Question 12

Cytokinesis

Answer 12

Cells split

Question 13

Cloning

Answer 13

Process of forming identical offspring from a single cell

Question 14

Identical twins

Answer 14

Single egg + sperm then cell splits into two embryos

Question 15

Fraternal twins

Answer 15

2 eggs + 2 sperm

DNA is not identical

Question 16

Conjoined twins

Answer 16

These are identical twins that did not complete the split

Question 17

Cancer

Answer 17

cancer cells divide much faster then normal cells

Question 18

Meiosis

Answer 18

Cell division that forms sex cells/gametes

Question 19

Reduction division

Answer 19

the first division of meiosis in which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half the original number.

Question 20

Diploid

Answer 20

2n

A cell with a full compliment of chromosomes

Question 21

Haploid

Answer 21

n

Cell with half number of chromosomes

Question 22

Polyploidy

Answer 22

3n, 4n, 5n

Cells with more then full compliment

Question 23

Zygote

Answer 23

Sperm + egg come together to form single cell

23 from mom 23 from dad

Then undergoes mitosis to become a person

Question 24

Meiosis 1 is referred to as

Answer 24

Reduction division because that is where 2n turns into n

Question 25

Prophase 1

Answer 25

Nucleus breaks down
Spindle fibre and centrioles form
Chromatin condenses
Homologous chromosomes line up and cross over

Question 26

Metaphase 1

Answer 26

Homologous pairs line up

Question 27

Anaphase 1

Answer 27

Homologous pairs pull apart

They are non identical due to crossing over

Question 28

Telophase 1

Answer 28

Nucleus forms

cytokinesis

Question 29

Prophase 2

Answer 29

Nucleus breaks down

Spindle fibres and centrioles form

Question 30

Metaphase 2

Answer 30

Chromosomes line up

Question 31

Anaphase 2

Answer 31

Pull apart of sister chromatids

Question 32

Telophase 2

Answer 32

Cytokinesis
Nucleus forms
Chromosomes unwind

Question 33

Oogenesis

Answer 33

Female meiosis

Cytoplasm splits unevenly to form one large gamete and three smaller ones

Question 34

Ootid (ova)

Answer 34

The large gamete in female meiosis

Each one is suspended in prophase 1 until puberty then cycle continues

Question 35

Polar bodies

Answer 35

The three smaller gametes in female meiosis

Question 36

Spermatogenesis

Answer 36

Equal division of cytoplasm, producing equal tetrad, produces up to a billion sperm per day

Question 37

Karyotype chart

Answer 37

Chart or map of your genetics, created for DNA in tissue sample

Question 38

Non disjunction

Answer 38

Occurs when two homologous chromosomes or two sister chromatids fail to separate

Question 39

Abnormal meiosis

Answer 39

A cell with two many or not enough chromosomes

Question 40

Down’s syndrome

Answer 40

Trisomy 21

Question 41

Turners syndrome

Answer 41

Monosomy 23

Question 42

Kleinfelters syndrome

Answer 42

Trisomy 23

Question 43

Edwards syndrome

Answer 43

Trisomy 18