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Bio 30... > DNA / Protein Synthesis > Flashcards

DNA / Protein Synthesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mutation

A

DNA is altered

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2
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

Discovered DNA shape

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3
Q

Chargaff

A

Discovered that the percentages of A-T and C-G

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4
Q

Watson and crick

A

put all the information and cracked DNA code

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5
Q

Structure of DNA

A

backbone- Sugar and phosphate molecules

rungs-nitrogen bases(a,t,g,c)

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6
Q

Endonucleus

A

naturally cuts strands of DNA to fix mistakes during DNA replications

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7
Q

Restriction enzymes

A

Biological scissors which can be used to manipulate DNA

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8
Q

Ligase enzyme

A

Type of glue that can repair the damage done by restriction enzymes

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9
Q

Recombinant DNA

A

Artificially manipulated

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10
Q

Ribosomes

A

Read DNA to arrange amino acid

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11
Q

Mrna

A

a copy made from template

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12
Q

Transcription

A

mRNA and DNA rejoin

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13
Q

Codon

A

3 mRNA

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14
Q

Anti codon

A

tRNA

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15
Q

Polypeptide chain

A

Amino acids that are bound together

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16
Q

Translation

A

Binding mRNA to tRNA

17
Q

Oncogenes

A
  • Cancer cells display nitrogen base substitution

- cancer cells arise because of mutations that alter DNA

18
Q

Hardy Weinberg‘s principle

A

Suggests that if a number of things were to remain constant the gene pool would remain the same throughout many generations

19
Q

Allele frequency

A

The proportion of Gene copies in a population of a given allele

20
Q

Genotypic frequency

A

The amount of times and genotype shows up in a population

21
Q

Genetic drift

A

The genetics of a population changes due to chance

22
Q

Founder effect

A

A new population arises from apparent population due to geographic isolation of a small group. the small group will have less genetic diversity

23
Q

Bottleneck effect

A

A new population arises from a parent population due to a disaster or loss of numbers are of the original resulting in less genetic diversity

Bio 30... (9 decks)

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