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PH 131 > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

0
Q

Part of conjunctiva that lines eyelids

A

Palpebral conjunctiva

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1
Q

Thin transparent mucous membrane covering thin inner surface of eyelids and anterior surface of eye

A

Conjunctiva

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2
Q

Bulbar conjunctiva only covers white of eye. True or false?

A

True

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3
Q

Lacrimal gland:secretes __

A

Tears

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4
Q

Conjunctival sac:where contact lens lies. True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

White of eye
Protects eyeball
Sturdy anchor site for extrinsic eye muscles
Maintains eye shape

A

Sclera

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6
Q

Light bending apparatus component with pain receptor.

Lets the light enter

A

Cornea

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7
Q

External eye structures

A

Conjunctiva

Lacrimal apparatus

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8
Q

3 layers of internal eye

A

Fibrous
Vascular
Nervous

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9
Q

Another name for vascular layer of inner eye

A

Uvea

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10
Q

Vascular layer of inner eye is composed of 3 parts. What are these parts?

A

Choroid
Iris
Ciliary body

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11
Q

False about choroid
A.Blood vessels provide nutrition to the eye
B.brown pigment prevents light scattering by facilitating absorption
C.contains vitreous humor

A

C.contains vitreous humor

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12
Q

False about iris
A.where rhodopsin cycle takes place
B.varies pupil size based on stimuli
C.visible colored part of eye

A

A.where rhodopsin cycle takes place

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13
Q

Olfactory apparatus has three types of cells. What are these three cells?

A

Receptor
Basal
Supporting

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14
Q

Receptor cells in olfactory apparatus: what are they? What do they do?

A

bipolar neurons that send axons to olfactory bulb

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15
Q

Basal cells in olfactory apparatus: what are they? What do they do?

A

stem cells that produce new receptor cells every 1-2 months

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16
Q

Which pair is mismatched?
A.ciliary muscles:control lens shape
B.ciliary process: its capillaries secrete fluid for eye’s anterior chamber
C.ciliary zonule:holds lens in upright position
D.none of the above

A

D.none of the above

17
Q

Pupil constriction is parasympathetic action
Pupil dilation is sympathetic action

Are both statements true or false?

A

True

18
Q

The retina’s outer layer transduces light energy while the inner layer stores vitamin A. T or F?

A

F.The retina’s outer layer stores vitamin A while the inner layer transduces light energy

19
Q

False about rods
A. Provide color vision
B. Discriminate shape and movement
C. Dim-light and peripheral vision receptor

A

A. Provide color vision

Rods do not provide color vision

20
Q

Rhodopsin is __+___

A

Opsin plus retinal

21
Q

Color vision is provided by cones via 3 types of color sensitive opsin: __,__&__

A

Red green and blue

22
Q

When there is bright light, little rhodopsin is dissociated. True or false?

A

False. Much dapat.

23
Q

In dim light, rhodopsin forms faster. True or false?

A

False. Slower dapat

24
Q 
Photoreceptors
Amacrine cells
Horizontal Cells 
Ganglion Cells 
Bipolar Cells

Please arrange these cells of the neural layer from posterior to anterior.

A

Photoreceptors (rods and cones) Bipolar cells
Ganglion Cells
Horizontal Cells
Amacrine Cells

25
Q 
Photoreceptors 
Bipolar cells 
Ganglion Cells  
Horizontal Cells 
Amacrine Cells

Which of these provides the most direct route for transmitting visual information to the brain?

A

Photoreceptors
Bipolar cells
Ganglion Cells

Horizontal cells and amacrine cells mediate lateral interactions in the outer and inner plexiform layers, respectively.

26
Q

Neural Pathway of Vision

1) Light penetrates ___
2) Photoreceptors (Rods and Cones) transduce light into ____
3) Rods and Cones excite ____
4) ____excite ganglion cells
5) Axons of ganglion cells from optic nerve leaving the eyeball (_____)
6) To ____ and then the primary visual cortex

A

1) retina
2) action potential
3) + 4)bipolar cells
5) blind spot
6) thalamus

27
Q

False about fovea centralis
A)pit in the center of macula
B)contains only cones
C)area of highest visual acuity

A

B)contains only cones

Rods dapat.

28
Q

Eye part that Refracts light and focuses onto fovea centralis

A

Lens

29
Q

Respective dominant fluids of

Anterior chamber: ___
Posterior chamber: ___

A

Aqueous humor

Vitreous humor

30
Q

scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) found in (anterior,posterior)chamber of eye

A

Anterior

31
Q

75% of refraction done by the ___; the rest is done by the ___

A

Cornea

Lens

32
Q

lens provides fine control of focusing because its curvature can be adjusted. True or false?

A

True

33
Q

process by which lens changes it shape to adjust its refractive power in order to reduce the blurring of an image on the retina (to achieve highest degree of visual acuity)

A

Accommodation

34
Q

contraction – ___ refractive power; relaxation – ___ refractive power

Choices: increases/decreases

A

Contraction increases

Relaxation decreases

35
Q

Respective dominant fluids of

Anterior chamber: ___
Posterior chamber: ___

A

Aqueous humor

Vitreous humor

36
Q

scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) found in (anterior,posterior)chamber of eye

A

Anterior

37
Q

75% of refraction done by the ___; the rest is done by the ___

A

Cornea

Lens

38
Q

lens provides fine control of focusing because its curvature can be adjusted. True or false?

A

True

39
Q

process by which lens changes it shape to adjust its refractive power in order to reduce the blurring of an image on the retina (to achieve highest degree of visual acuity)

A

Accommodation

40
Q

contraction – ___ refractive power; relaxation – ___ refractive power

Choices: increases/decreases

A

Contraction increases

Relaxation decreases

PH 131 (9 decks)

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