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PH 131 > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

the heart’s
internal electrical circuit; enables the heart to beat in
the external environment

A

Sinoatrial Nodal Purkinje System

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2
Q

Atrioventricular valves are valves between the atrium & ventricle which prevent backflow. The one between the right atrium & right ventricle is the ___.

A

tricuspid valve

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3
Q

Atrioventricular valves are valves between the atrium & ventricle which prevent backflow. The one between the left atrium & left ventricle is the ___.

A

bicuspid valve

or mitral valve

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4
Q

semilunar valve between right

ventricle and pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary valve

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5
Q

semilunar valve between left ventricle and

aorta

A

aortic valve

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6
Q

layer of blood vessel that interacts with blood

A

tunica intima

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7
Q

arteries contains a lot of ___, making them
efficient pressure reservoirs, expanding
and recoiling as the heart ejects blood

A

elastin

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8
Q

The farther the vessel from the heart, the ___
resistance of blood flow

higher or lower?

A

higher! bec smaller diameter

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9
Q

thickest layer in arteries

A

tunica media

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10
Q

thickest layer in veins

A

tunica adventitia

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11
Q

valves are present in ___

a. arteries
b. veins
c. capillaries
d. a, b and c

A

b. veins

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12
Q

Pick the false statement
a. Veins are more superficial than arteries.
b. The heart is not insensitive to
the messages of the brain and reflexes of the spinal
cord.
c. Pulmonary and systemic circuits have unequal volumes of blood pumped.
d. All are false.

A

c. Pulmonary and systemic circuits have unequal volumes of blood pumped.

They pump equal amounts of blood. It’s just that they really have unequal workload!

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13
Q

Pick the false statement

a. Right and left ventricles contract simultaneously.
b. Atria and ventricles contract simultaneously.
c. Failure of one side to contract means failure of the other side to contract.
d. All are false.

A

b. Atria and ventricles contract simultaneously.

atria then ventricles to prevent backflow

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14
Q

Pick the false statement

a. Blood pressure does not vary in the different blood vessels of the body.
b. Blood pressure is lowest in the arteries (specifically in the aorta)
c. Blood pressure is highest at the superior vena cava before it enters the heart.
d. All are false.

A

d. All are false!

Blood pressure is highest in the arteries (specifically in the aorta) and lowest at the superior vena cava before it enters the heart. Hence, it varies in the diff blood vessels

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15
Q

instrument for measuring blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

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16
Q

False about systolic blood pressure:

a. Blood pressure when the heart is relaxing
b. Exerted on the walls of bigger vessels
c. Maximum arterial pressure during ejection of blood from the heart
d. beginning of ventricular systole; caused by a turbulence because of heart contraction
e. “lub”

A

a. blood pressure when heart is relaxing

contracting dapat

17
Q

False about diastolic blood pressure
a. Blood pressure when the heart is relaxing
b. Exerted on the walls of bigger vessels
c. Lower number or the second
number recorded in BP
d. “dub”
e.produced by the intraventricular pressure
beginning to rise

A

e.produced by the intraventricular pressure
beginning to rise

rise? fall dapat

18
Q

venous return is dependent on the following factors:

a. Skeletal muscle contraction
b. Presence of valves in veins
c. Respiratory movement
d. number of capillaries in the body

A

d. number of capillaries in the body

19
Q

Peripheral resistance (resistance of arteries to blood flow) depends on all factors except:

a. Blood viscosity
b. Blood vessel length
c. Blood vessel diameter
d. Blood amount

A

d. Blood amount

20
Q

Pick the false statement

a. Blood pressure and blood flow are directly proportional.
b. Thick, viscous blood –> higher BP
c. When cells bump at inner wall of the blood vessel, it increases the momentum of blood, thereby resulting in faster blood flow.
d. all are false

A

c. When cells bump at inner wall of the blood vessel, it increases the momentum of blood, thereby resulting in faster blood flow.

cells bumping inner wall –>slower blood flow

21
Q

difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure

A

pulse pressure

22
Q

Baroreceptors are located in the following except:

a. carotid sinuses
b. aortic arch
c. walls of large arteries in the neck and thorax
d. none of the above

A

d. none of the above

23
Q

False about the heart’s pacemaker

a. it’s the sinoatrial node
b. it needs nervous stimuli to function
c. its intrinsic rhythm determines the heart rate
d. none of the above

A

b. it needs nervous stimuli to function

it does not need nervous stimuli to function

24
Q

Arrange the sequence of the cardiac electrical signal stations at the Sinoatrial Nodal Purkinje System!

A. Purkinje fibers
B. Bundle of His
C. AV Node
D. Sinoatrial Node
E. Right and Left Bundle Branches
A

D, C, B, E, A

25
Q

When the SA node loses its ability to generate an

impulse, the heart will stop beating because no other tissue can replace the SA node :’( true or false?

A

False! When the SA node loses its ability to generate an
impulse, the “pacemaker” activity will shift to another
excitable component of the conduction system, such as
the AV node or Purkinje fibers. These pacemakers generally, have a slower discharge
rate relative to the SA node.

26
Q

artificial pacemakers that fire only when the heart rate decreases below a preset minimum are called __

A

demand pacemakers

27
Q

instrument that detects the electrical currents generated in and transmitted through the heart

A

electrocardiogram

28
Q

Pick the true statement

a. P Wave – atrial depolarization –> atrial contraction
b. QRS Complex – ventricular depolarization –> ventricular relaxation
c. T Wave – Ventricular repolarization –> atrial relaxation

A

a.P Wave – atrial depolarization –> atrial contraction
//corrected versions//
b.QRS Complex – ventricular depolarization –> ventricular contraction
c.T Wave – Ventricular repolarization –> ventricular relaxation

29
Q

False about ventricular filling (cardiac cycle)
a. heart chambers are contracted
b. atria contract causing a rise in atrial
pressure, forcing remaining blood into
ventricles
c.AV valves open, semilunar valves close

A

a. heart chambers are contracted

relaxed dapat

30
Q

False about ventricular contraction (cardiac cycle)
a.ventricular pressure rises and exceeds pressure in
the large arteries
b. ventricles become closed cavities and the blood volume in the chambers remains constant
c. both AV valves and semilunar valves are open
d. blood from ventricles ejected towards aorta and pulmonary artery

A

c. both AV valves and semilunar valves are open

AV valves are closed

31
Q

false about isovolumetric relaxation

a. ventricles relax
b. ventricular pressure decreases
c. blood flows back to the heart
d. blood flows to pulmonary artery

A

d. blood flows to pulmonary artery

^ sa ventricular contraction ito :D

32
Q

All of the following indicate increased heart rate except:

a. hypoxia
b. hypovolemia
c. hypothyroidism
d. exercise

A

c. hypothyroidism

^ leads to decreased heart rate

33
Q

Pick the false statement

a. Blood vessels constrict at cold temperature.
b. Blood vessels dilate at hot temperature.
c. In high altitude, blood flows faster.
d. Arterial pulse occurs with each beat of the left ventricle

A

c. In high altitude, blood flows faster.

(dapat slow blood flow due to additional blood cells)

PH 131 (9 decks)

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