Special Needs I Flashcards
what is special dental needs for children?
a child has a condition that:
- puts their health at risk if they suffer from a dental disease or need dental tx
- makes access to care difficult
- makes tx difficult to provide
- makes dental disease more likely
what are the types of special needs
neurodisability
physical disabillity
medical compromised
social - adoptees
emotional
oral - compromised dentition
what is familial pain syndrome?
genetic disorder
causing recurring episodes of intense pain
what is pulmonary hypoventilation syndrome?
abnormal retention of CO2 in the lungs
what is hard about special needs children?
more demanding
more complex
require additional precautions
may have behavioural issues
may require GA
what are the three principles from the UN convention of the Right of the Child?
Protection
Participation
Provision
what are high risk vs high priority?
high risk
- prev caries
- poorer socio-economic
- non-english speaking
- poor diet/fluoride
high priority
- neurodisability
- medically compromised
why are children with special needs more likely to get dental disease?
- dental health = low on priority
- long term medication containing sugar
in which condition is caries rate lower?
cystic fibrosis
what are the possibile aetiologies of enamel defects?
cardiac issues
cystic fibrosis
numerous syndromes
renal failure
low birth weight
preterm
why are enamel defects an issue?
- more susceptible to caries
- decay faster
- more difficult to restore
- early intervention is required
describe direct and indirect oral problems associated with chemotherapy
directly by the drug
- methotrexate mucositis
indirectly by the drug
- neutropenic ulceration
- petechiae and bullae
- infection - viral, fungal, dental
what oral problems are associated with radiotherapy?
oral mucositis and ulceration
hypo salivation and xerostomia
infection - candida
radiation caries
gingivitis/perio
osteoradionecrosis
trismus
loss/altered taste
what are the long term effects of radiotherapy on the dentition?
enamel defects
dental caries
malformed teeth
shortened roots
altered salivary rates
what should be asked with the parent?
what the diagnosis is
- the severity
- the stability
- the history and future plan
what questions would you ask with asthma?
- frequency of attacks
- when the last attack was
- any acute admissions
- recall schedule with the gp?
- medication
- any changes
- prognosis
who may you want to correspond the tx plan with?
other carers - gps/specialists
- describe the implications/precautions for tx
- ask any specific queries
what should the tx plan include?
4 pillars of prevention
- assess diet
- OHI
- fluoride
- fissure sealants
4 month recall monitoring
- monitor prevention
- pick up early lesions
regular radiographs - 6 months
when should you recall the pt?
every 4 months
