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Module 5 exam > Special Needs Children > Flashcards

Special Needs Children Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 categories of impairment?

A
  1. Intellectual
  2. Physical
  3. Sensory
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2
Q

What is intellectual disability?

A

Below average level of intelligence or mental cognitive ability - down syndrome

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3
Q

What is learning disability?

A

Children can be normal intelligence but have difficulty in learning specific skills - Dyslexia, Austism, ADHD

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4
Q

Causes of intellectual impairment?

A
  1. Down syndrome
  2. Autism
  3. Dyslexia
  4. ADHD
  5. Emotional disorders
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5
Q

Features of down syndrome?

A
  1. Chromosomal disorder
  2. Susceptible to other disorders
  3. Large features
  4. Delayed exfoliation of primary teeth
  5. Congenitally absent teeth
  6. Hypoplastic teeth
  7. High susceptibility to perio disease
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6
Q

Management for down syndrome patients?

A
  1. Prevention - key
  2. Modify toothbrushing
  3. Access to child mouth difficult
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7
Q

What is autism?

A

Profound adaptive problems in thinking, language and social relationships

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8
Q

How may a patient with autism feel?

A
  1. Overwhelmed
  2. Routines and rituals
  3. Need familiarity
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9
Q

What can be used for communication in a child with autism?

A

Makaton

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10
Q

What is aspergers?

A

Similar to autism but have fewer problems with speaking and often above average intelligence

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11
Q

What is schizophrenia?

A

A mental health condition where they may see, hear or believe things that are not real

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12
Q

Signs of schizophrenia?

A
  1. Social withdraw
  2. Hostility
    3.No personal hygiene
  3. Trouble showing emotion
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13
Q

How to manage patients with disabilities?

A
  1. Prevention is key
  2. Treatment limited to patient toleration
  3. Don’t keep patient waiting
  4. Short appointments
  5. Take breaks from being in patients mouth
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14
Q

What can help patients with special needs cope with treatment?

A

Acclimatisation

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15
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

Damage to brain that affects movement and coordination (not progressive)

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16
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

Vertebrae overlying spinal cord poorly formed, remains unfused at birth

17
Q

What is muscular dystrophy?

A

Group of muscle disease which present as a progressive atrophy and weakness of skeletal muscles with results in disability

18
Q

What are some challenges for dental treatment in physically impaired children?

A
  1. Gag and cough reflexes
  2. Hypersensitive teeth
  3. Limited opening
  4. Manoeuvring wheelchair
19
Q

Management for physically impaired patients?

A
  1. Prevention
  2. Operative intervention early
  3. Sedation or GA may be required
  4. Modification of toothbrush and routine
  5. Specialist surgeries
20
Q

How to manage visually impaired patient?

A
  1. No more susceptible to oral problems
  2. Tell - Feel - Do
  3. Slow, reinforce stop signals and give reassurance
  4. Gain trust
  5. Sensitive to light
21
Q

What can be used for plaque control?

A
  1. Electric toothbrush
  2. Modified handle
  3. Chlorhexidine on gauze
  4. Higher fluoride
  5. Diet advice

Module 5 exam (11 decks)

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