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Module 5 exam > Childhood Diseases > Flashcards

Childhood Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is chickenpox caused by?

A

Varicella zoster virus

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2
Q

Who is chickenpox usually seen in?

A

Children

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3
Q

How contagious is chickenpox?

A

Highly contagious

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4
Q

What is the incubation time for chickenpox?

A

14-21 days

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5
Q

How does chickenpox spread?

A

Droplets and airborne route

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6
Q

Clinic features of chickenpox?

A
  1. Ulcers
  2. Rash
  3. Cervical lymphadenitis
  4. Fever
  5. Malaise
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7
Q

Recovery time for chickenpox?

A

2-3 weeks

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8
Q

What is a complication of chickenpox?

A

Shingles

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9
Q

Signs of Shingles?

A
  1. Pain
  2. Rash
  3. Mouth ulcers
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10
Q

Where do mouth ulcers present in shingles?

A
  1. Mandibular zoster
  2. Ipsilateral on buccal + lingual mucosa
  3. Maxillary zoster
  4. Ipsilateral on palate and vestibule
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11
Q

Treatment for shingles?

A

analgesics + aciclovir

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12
Q

What is primary herpetic gingivstomatitis?

A

Oral disease caused by initial infection with the herpes simplex virus

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13
Q

Symptoms of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Malaise
  3. Cervical lymphadenopathy
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14
Q

What does primary herpetic gingivostomatatis look like?

A
  1. Painful, erythematous and swollen gingiva
  2. Tiny vesicles on perioral skin
  3. Vermillion border of the lips and oral mucosa
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15
Q

When does primary herpetic gingivostomatitis happen?

A

6 months - 6 years

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16
Q

What can primary herpetic gingivostomatitis be mistaken for?

A

Teething

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17
Q

How long does it take for lesions of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis to heal?

A

1 - 2 weeks

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18
Q

Complications of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A
  1. Recurrent secondary infections
  2. Herpes labialis
  3. Intra oral ulceration
  4. Herpetic whitlow
  5. Eye infection
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19
Q

What is hand, foot and mouth disease caused by?

A

Coxackie virus

20
Q

How does hand, foot and mouth occur?

A

Epidemics in children under 5

21
Q

Symptoms of hand, foot and mouth?

A
  1. Oral lesions anywhere in mouth - painful
  2. Macules and papules on feet, toes, hands and fingers
22
Q

How long does it take for lesions of hand, foot and mouth to heal?

A

Within 2 weeks

23
Q

What causes mumps?

A

Viral infection of the salivary glands - mumps virus

24
Q

What is the incubation time for mumps?

A

14 - 21 days

25
Q

Symptoms of mumps?

A
  1. Painful swelling
  2. Bilateral swelling of parotid gland
26
Q

How contagious is measles?

A

Highly

27
Q

Symptoms of measles?

A

Systemic and skin rash

28
Q

What is the incubation period of measles?

A

10 - 14 days

29
Q

Signs of measles?

A
  1. Kopliks spots
  2. Red macules with white necrotic centres
  3. May occur in oral cavity
30
Q

How contagious is rubella?

A

Highly

31
Q

How is rubella spread?

A

Droplet infection

32
Q

What is the incubation time for rubella?

A

14 - 21 days

33
Q

Symptoms of rubella?

A
  1. Rash on face and behind ears
  2. Mild fever
  3. Sore throat and enlarged lymph nodes
34
Q

What can rubella do to foetus?

A

Seriously damage or kill foetus

35
Q

What causes herpangina?

A

Coxsackie virus

36
Q

What does herpangina look like?

A

Vesicles appearing on soft palate

37
Q

Symptoms of herpangina?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Malaise
  3. Sore throat
  4. Difficulty swallowing
38
Q

How long for herpangina to resolve?

A

Within a week

39
Q

What illness can childhood diseases lead to?

A

Febrile illness

40
Q

What can febrile illness lead to?

A

Enamel hypoplasia

41
Q

What is enamel hypoplasia?

A

Incomplete or defective formation of enamel

42
Q

What does enamel hypoplasia look like?

A

Alteration of tooth form or colour

43
Q

What causes enamel hypoplasia?

A

Disturbance or damage to the ameloblasts during enamel matrix formation

44
Q

What is one of the most sensitive cell groups in the body?

A

Ameoloblasts

45
Q

What part of tooth is affected at the time of illness?

A

The crown

Module 5 exam (11 decks)

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