Special Collections and POCT Flashcards
ID needs for a Blood Bank Specimen
Pt full name, hospital ID# or SS#, DOB, date & time of collection, and phlebotomist initials
Special ID Systems in Blood Bank
ID bracelet w self carbon adhesive label and Blood ID band w linear barcoded Blood Bank ID Band (BBID) #
Specimens Required for BB
Lavender or Pink tube top or a non additive Red tube top
Tests done at BB
ABO (blood type) & Rh factor screening and Cross-matching
Compatibility
suitability to be mixed
Agglutination
clumping of RBC in the circulatory system
Lysis
rupturing of RBC in the circulatory system
Donor Eligibility for BB
-must be between the ages of 17-66
-must weigh at least 110 lbs
- Physical examination and medical history required
-Written permission from donor
Lookback
the tracing and testing of blood donors and recipients when a blood product is determined to contain a BBP
Autologous Donation
the process where a person donates blood for his or her own use
Cell Salvaging
a medical procedure designed to recover blood lost during surgery to infuse back into the body
Bacteremia
a blood infection where bacteria is found in the blood
Septicemia
a blood infection where microorganisms or their toxins are found in blood
Sepsis
an overwhelming, unregulated response by the body to a blood infection that triggers inflammatory responses throughout the body that can lead to organ failure, tissue damage, and death
INDICATIONS: fever, chills, malaise, Low BP, changes in mental status
FUO
fever of unknown origin. a persistent fever with no obvious cause, recognized as a indication of sepsis
Aerobic
containing O2
Anaerobic
lacking O2
Purpose of Skin Antisepsis
destroy skin microorganisms and prevent misinterpretation of microorganisms as pathogenic.
EX: chlorhexidine gluconate or tincture of iodine or povidone
Direct Inoculation (Blood Cultures)
collect specimen directly blood culture medium and then use butterfly & specially designed holder
Syringe Inoculation (Blood Culture)
transfer blood to bottles after draw is completed and then safety transfer device is required
Antimicrobial
active against microbes
FAN
Fastidious Antimicrobial Neutralization. a blood culture collection bottle that contains activated charcoal which helps to neutralize the antibiotic
ARD
Antimicrobial Removal Device. a blood culture collection bottle that contains a resin that removes antimicrobials from blood
Two-hour PP Glucose Test
a type of screening that occurs two hours after eating to determine diabetes
GTT
Glucose Tolerance Test. to diagnose problems related to carbohydrate metabolism
Hyperglycemia
increased blood glucose level
Hypoglycemia
decreased blood glucose level
GTT Prep
-eat a balanced meal w/ 150 g of carbs for 3 days prior to test
-fast for at least 8 hours but not more than 16 hours before test
- drink water
- avoid excessive exercise for 12 hours before test
- avoid smoking or chewing gum
- receive both verbal and written instructions
Lactose Tolerance Test
used to determine if a pt lacks the enzyme lactase which converts lactose into glucose and galactose
Molecular Genetic Testing
determines whether an individual has or is at risk for a genetic disease. classifies an individual’s genetic makeup for drug suitability. examines the whole genome
Paternity Test
the test that determines if a man is the biological father of a child
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)
the testing of drug levels in the bloodstream at specific intervals. In order for a drug to remain beneficial it must stay between the peak and trough of the drugs therapeutic range
Therapeutic Phlebotomy
the withdrawal of large volume of blood to treat either polycythemia or hemochromatosis
Polycythemia
a disease where the body overproduces RBCs
Hemochromatosis
the overproduction of iron in the tissues, especially the heart, liver, and pancreas
Toxicology
the scientific study of poisons. concerned with the detection of toxins and treatments
Forensics
the use of scientific methods in crime investigation.
Chain of Custody
the special protocol followed when forensic specimens are collected
ETOH
Ethanol Test. a blood alcohol test. do not use alcohol-based disinfectant. use a grey top tube
BAC
Blood alcohol concentration test
Trace Elements
included aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and zinc. these elements are measured in small amounts and so use caution in order to not cross containment
TB Skin Test
Tuberculosis Blood Test is skin testing that requires two visits and measures an individual’s immune response to M tuberculosis
POCT
Point-of-Care Testing brings the lab testing to the location of the pt
ABG
Arterial Blood Gases evaluate respiratory function. ABGs collected pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2
Electrolytes
minerals with an electric charge that are present in the blood and body fluids. Electrolytes measured Na+, K+, Cl-. HCO3- and Ionized Calcium (iCa+2)
