Sparkling wine Flashcards
identify 5 methods of making sparkling wine
Describe resulting or suitable style and resulting quality for each method
◎Traditional Method
- produce wine with bread and toast flavours from Yeast autolysis
- most often used for premium sparking
◎Transfer Method
- produce wine with bread and toast flavours from Yeast autolysis
- give good quality sparking wine at cheaper price than the traditional method
◎Tank Method
- produce wine retaining the flavours of the base wine
- ideal for sparkling wine out of grapes with strong flavours such as a Muscat and Riesling
- ideal for fruity styles such as Prosecco
- high quality sparkling wine can be made from this method with high-quality grapes and care during production
◎Asti Method
- produce sweet, fruity sparkling wine
- specialized in Asti Region of Piemonte
◎Carbonation
- useful for producing fruity sparkling wine retain flavours of the base wine
- often used for sparkling wine out of grapes with strong flavours such as Sauvignon Blanc
Describe Traditional Method
resulting or suitable style
resulting quality and costs
times of fermentation and second fermentation
◎Traditional Method
- produce wine with bread and toast flavours from Yeast autolysis
- most often used for premium sparking
- costly and time-consuming
- second fermentation in bottle
Describe Transfer Method
resulting or suitable style
resulting quality and costs
times of fermentation and second fermentation
◎Transfer Method
-produce wine with bread and toast flavours from Yeast autolysis
-give good quality sparking wine at cheaper price than the traditional method
-avoids costly and complex process of ridding and
disgorgement from traditional method
-easy way to ensure consistent quality and style with large batches
-second fermentation in bottle
Describe Tank Method
resulting or suitable style
resulting quality and costs
times of fermentation and second fermentation
◎Tank Method
- produce wine retaining the (primacy fruit )flavours of the base wine
- ideal for sparkling wine out of grapes with strong flavours such as a Muscat and Riesling
- ideal for fruity styles such as Prosecco
- cheaper, faster and less labour intensive
- high quality sparkling wine can be made from this method with high-quality grapes and care during production
- second fermentation in a sealed tank
Describe Asti Method
resulting or suitable style
resulting quality and costs
times of fermentation and second fermentation
◎Asti Method
- produce sweet, fruity sparkling wine
- specialized in Asti Region of Piemonte
- only one alcoholic fermentation
Describe Carbonation Method
resulting or suitable style
resulting quality and costs
times of fermentation and second fermentation
◎Carbonation
- useful for producing fruity sparkling wine retain flavours of the base wine
- often used for sparkling wine out of grapes with strong flavours such as Sauvignon Blanc
- CO2 is injected into a still wine
- cheapest of all the method
Labelling term of sweetness
Brut means ___ in German
Sec means ____ in English and ____ in German
Demi-Sec means _____ in English and ____ in German
Doux means ____ in English
Brut means Herb in German
Sec means dry in English and Trocken in German
Demi-Sec means medium dry in English and Halbtrocken in German
Doux means sweet in English
Harvest for Sparkling Wine
The grapes for the best sparkling wine are typically
_______ to retain _______ of ____grapes
in warm regions, for inexpensive sparkling production,
______ is efficient way of picking all the grapes before they ______ and lose their _____
-The grapes for the best sparkling wine are typically
hand-picked to retain whole bunches of unsplit grapes
-in warm regions, for inexpensive sparkling production,
machine harvesting is efficient way of picking all the grapes before they accumulate too much sugar and lose their acidity
Pressing for Sparkling Wine
Pressing will be ____ and minimise the _____ of any___ and ____. This is specially impornat when using black grapes for white sparkling wines
The use of ____ helps with this.
By avoiding _____, contact between ___ and ___ is minimised.
Pressing will be gentle and minimise the extraction of any tannin and colour. This is specially impornat when using black grapes for white sparkling wines.
The use of whole bunches helps with this.
By avoiding crushing, contact between skins and juice is minimised.
Desirable grape for sparkling wine making
idealy be relatively ___ in ___ compared with those used for still wine
___ in ____ are desired for many sparkling wine
which are made in ____style
despite relatively ___ ____ concentration and ___ __
levels, the _____ of the grapes must still be sufficiently ____ so that they no longer have any ___ _____ flavour Characteristics
idealy be relatively low in sugar compared with those used for still wine
high in acidity are desired for many sparkling wine
which are made in refreshing style
despite relatively low sugars concentration and high acid levels, the flavours of the grapes must still be sufficiently ripe so that they no longer have any green harbaceous flavour characteristics
explain why finding an area with a sufficiently cool climate is fundamental to growing grapes for premium sparkling wine production
Grapes for premium sparkling wine has low sugar concentration, high acidity level and sufficiently ripe flavours.
**
In warm region, sugar level can rise and acidity level falls very quickly. Picking early to get correct level of sugar and acidi is the only option. But this means picking grapes still overly green and herbaceous.
In cool region, the changes to the sugar and acid level happens slowly and at the same time as the change to the grape’s flavour.
(Champagne)
-Climate
-hazards
-also identify most serious one and describe method to treat this)
-explain reason of ideal condition for sparkling wine
grape typical condition in the region
(sugar level, acid level, flavour ripeness)
-soil character and its advantage
(drainage, during dry period)
◎cool continental climate
-regually content with winter freeze, spring frosts,
rainy, cloudy weather
-to minimise frost, most vineyards are planted on slope
-to plant Meunier in the Valee de la Marne as it buts late
protecting it from the spring frost(occur more frequently in this area)
-grape sugar level remain very low and acid levels very high even in warmerst year
- dominated by chalk
- good drainage after rain storms but retain a sufficient quantity of water in dry periods
(Champagne)
Cote de Blancs/Cote de Sezanne - ( )
Montagne de Reims/Cotes de Bar - ( )
Valee de la Marne -( )
Cote de Blancs/Cote de Sezanne - Chardonnay
Montagne de Reims/Cotes de Bar - Pinot Noir
Valee de la Marne - Meunier
(Champagne)
Describe varietal role for final blend
Chardonnay
much ___________wine than in Burgundy
has_________ with ____ and ______ character
Pinot Noir
give ________and __________ to most blends
give _____character
Meunier
give ______ to a blends
important for the wine made to be ______
Chardonnay
much lighter-bodied wine than in Burgundy
has high acidity with floral and citrus fruit character
Pinot Noir
give greater body and structural backbone to most blends
give red fruit character
Meunier
fruity flavour to a blends
important for the wine made to be enjoyed while young
(House style in Champagne)
explain the importance of blend in Champage
and how they achieve that
- house style
- vintage variation
the weather in champage ____________ and blending is incredibly important
__________ allow a greater number of blending option
champagne producers will use ______ in their blends to ___________
the weather in champage vary significantly from year to year and blending is incredibly important
fermented in small percels allow a greater number of blending option
champagne producers will use dozens of wines in their blends to achieve their house style
