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spain Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What men are credited with bringing French winemaking methods to Spain?

A

Marques de Riscal ajnd Marques de Marrrieta in the 1850s

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2
Q

When did Phylloxera reach Spain?

A

1899

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3
Q

What were the innovations brought on by Miguel Torres?

A

In 1962 he joined the company his family had established several generations prior. He planted imported vines including chardonnay, riesling, cabernet, etc and developed a talent for matching vine to site. he also started doing fermentations in stainless steel.

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4
Q

Who is credited with bringing stainless steel fermentations to spain?

A

Miguel Torres

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5
Q

What does the term ‘Noble’ indicate?

A

18 months aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle

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6
Q

What does the term ‘Anejo’ refer to?

A

24 months aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle

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7
Q

What does the term ‘Viejo’ refer to?

A

36 months aging, demonstrates marked oxidative character

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8
Q

What species of oak is referred to as American Oak?

A

Quercus Alba

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9
Q

What are the two DOCa’s in Spain?

A

Rioja, Priorato

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10
Q

What was the first DOCa?

A

Rioja in 1991

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11
Q

True or False: Ribera del Duero is a DOCa

A

FALSE

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12
Q

When were the first DO Pagos introduced?

A

2003

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13
Q

What were the first DO Pagos? Where are they

A

Dominio de Valdepusa, Castilla la Mancha and Finca El Ez, Castilla La Mancha

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14
Q

What is Dominio del Valdepusa and what is its significance?

A

A DO Pago in Castilla La Mancha. Owned by Marques de Grinon. One of the first two DO Pagos.

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15
Q

What is Finca El Ez and what is its significance?

A

A DO Pago in Castilla La Mancha. One of the first two DO Pagos

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16
Q

What terms are allowed on a bottle labeled ‘Vino’?

A

Only Variety and Vintage

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17
Q

What is Quercus Sessilifora?

A

French Oak

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18
Q

What is the species of French Oak?

A

Quercus Sessilifora, Quercus Robur

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19
Q

What are the DO stipulations for cask size?

A

Casks have to be less than 330 Liters for DO wines, unless they are labeled noble, anejo, viejo in which 600L is the maximum.

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20
Q

What are the sub-regions of Rioja and what Province do they lie in?

A

Rioja Alta, La Rioja. Rioja Alavesa, Alava. Rioja Baja, Navarra.

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21
Q

What mountains contain Rioja in the Northwest and Northeast respectively?

A

The Cantabrian Mountains and the Pyrenees.

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22
Q

What river flows through Rioja?

A

Ebro

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23
Q

What is another Spanish synonym for Viura?

A

Macabeo

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24
Q

What is the size of a Rioja cask?

A

Rioja casks must be 225 liters

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25
Q

True or False: Cabernet can be used in Rioja DOCa

A

False. Here are the grapes of Rioja:

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26
Q

What are the grapes of Rioja?

A

?Principal Red Grape: Tempranillo

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27
Q

What is ‘vara y pulgar’?

A

stick and thumb. Each vine is raised with two important branches and production alternates between these two. One year, usually in January, they cut back the left branch and leave a small shoot with just one or two knots or ‘eyes’. This is called the thumb or pulgar. The right branch, the long ‘stick’ or vara, is left with seven or eight eyes. It grows leafs and holds the buds from which the grapes will grow. The thumb is left with sprouts, which will eventually bloom and develop what is called a small “green stick,” next year’s vara. This process changes each year, alternating between the two branches, with one growing and the other one resting.

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28
Q

True or False: Chaptalization is permitted in Rioja

A

FALSE

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29
Q

What is ‘En Vaso’?

A

freestanding bush: what the French call gobelet training

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30
Q

Where is Haro?

A

Rioja Alta

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31
Q

What are the soils of Rioja?

A

Rioja Alta’s northern areas are characterized by yellow calcareous clay (arcillo-calcareo), whereas the lower slopes south of the Ebro River contain reddish, iron-rich clay soils (arcillo-ferroso). Rioja Baja generally flat land with clay and alluvial soils..

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32
Q

Who is credited with bringing French Oak to Rioja?

A

Marques de Caceres

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33
Q

What are the aging requirements for a wine labeled Reserva Blanco in Rioja DOCa?

A

2 years aging, 6 months oak. remainder may not be in stainless steel!

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34
Q

What are the aging requirements for a wine labeled Gran Reserva Blanco in Rioja DOCa?

A

4 years, 6 months oak.

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35
Q

What are the aging requirements for a wine labeled Crianza Blanco in Rioja DOCa?

A

2 years 6 months oak.

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36
Q

What are the aging requirements for Gran Reserva Tinto in Rioja DOCa?

A

min 5yrs total , 2yrs in bottle, 2yrs in oak

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37
Q

List 3 producers of Rioja

A

Lopez de Heredia, La Rioja Alta, Bodegas Vina Real (Campania Vinicola del Norte de Espana–CVNE)

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38
Q

What vineyard labels does Lopez de Heredia use?

A

Vina Tondonia, Vina Bosconia, Vina Cubillo, Vina Gravonia

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39
Q

What is Mazuelo

A

Carignan

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40
Q

What is the minimum percentage of authorized varieties required for Tinto wines in Rioja DOCa?

A

min. 95% authorized red grapes (if destemmed), min. 85% authorized red grapes (if whole clusters or whole berries are used)

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41
Q

Where does Ysios produce wine?

A

Rioja

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42
Q

What style of wine was Navarra once virtually synonymous with?

A

Rosado

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43
Q

What are the subzones of Navarra?

A

Tierra de Estella, Valdizarbe, Baja Montana, Ribera Baja, Ribera Alta

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44
Q

Where is Bodegas Otazu?

A

Valdizarbe, Navarra

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45
Q

Where is Prado de Irache?

A

Tierra de Estella, Navarra

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46
Q

What are the DOs of Aragon?

A

Campo de Borja, Calatayud, Carinena, Somontano

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47
Q

What cooperative dominates production in Camp de Borja DO?

A

Bodegas Borsao

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48
Q

What is Alcanon?

A

White grape. Somontano

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49
Q

What are the DOs of Galicia?

A

Rias Baixas, Ribeiro, Valdeorras, Ribeira Sacra, and Monterrei.

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50
Q

True or False: Asturias and Cantabria do not produce any DO wine

A

TRUE

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51
Q

Does Asturias contain any DOs?

A

No

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52
Q

Does Cantabria contain any DOs?

A

No

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53
Q

What are the sub zones of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnes, Ribeira do Ulla, Soutomaior, O Rosal, and Condado do Tea

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54
Q

True or False: Riax Baixas produces red wine

A

TRUE

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55
Q

What mountain range separates Galicia from the rest of spain in the East?

A

Cordillera Cantabrica

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56
Q

What are the two main rivers of Rias Baixas

A

Mino and Sil

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57
Q

What are the soils of Rias Baixas?

A

In Val do Salnes, O Rosal and Soutomaior the soils are alluvial over granite. In Condado do Tea both granite and slate appear on the surface with lighter granite subsoil. The soils are mainly alluvial in Ribeira do Ulla.

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58
Q

Which two subzones of Rias Baixas lie on the border with Portugal?

A

O Rosal and Condado Do Tea

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59
Q

If labeled Albarino, what % must a Rias Baixas DO wine be Albarino?

A

100%

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60
Q

If labeled as Val Do Salnes, what is the minimum required Albarino?

A

70%

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61
Q

If labeled Condado do Tea what are percentage of required grape varieties?

A

70% combined Albarino and Treixadura

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62
Q

If labeled as O Rosal, what are the percentages of required grape varieties?

A

70% combined Albarino and Loureira

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63
Q

Which DO adjoins Condado do Tea to the east?

A

Ribeiro DO

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64
Q

What is the preferred red grape for Ribeiro?

A

Caino

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65
Q

What is the preferred white grape of Ribeiro?

A

Treixadura

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66
Q

What is Vino Tostado and where is this a specialty?

A

Dried grape wine. Ribeiro DO. 300 g/l must weight aged in 6 months. dried for 3 months

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67
Q

Recommend a producer from Ribeiro DO

A

Emilio Rojo

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68
Q

Where does Vina Mein produce wine?

A

Ribeiro DO

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69
Q

Where does Emilio Rojo produce wine?

A

Ribeiro DO

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70
Q

What grape is the most important to Valdeorras DO?

A

Godello

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71
Q

Where does Rafael Palacios produce wine?

A

Valdeorras. Younger brother of Alvaro.

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72
Q

Recommend a bottling from Valdeorras

A

Rafael Palacios ‘As Sortes’ 100% Godello fermented in french oak, aged 18 months in barrell

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73
Q

What region adjoins Ribeira Sacra to the east?

A

Valdeorras

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74
Q

What region adjoins Valdeorras to the west?

A

Ribeira Sacra

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75
Q

What are the preferred grapes for Ribeira Sacra?

A

Godello and Mencia

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76
Q

Recommend a producer from Ribeira Sacra

A

Guimaro Mencia

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77
Q

What are the sub regions of Ribeira Sacra?

A 
Amandi, 
Chantada, 
Quiroga-Bibei, 
Riberas do Sil  
Riberas do Mino.
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78
Q

What is the southermost DO in Galicia?

A

Monterrei

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79
Q

What is the easternmost DO in Galicia?

A

Valdeorras

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80
Q

What are the three DOs of Pais Vasco?

A

Getariako Txakolina, Bizkaiko Txakolina, and Arabako Txakolina

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81
Q

What is an advantage of the soils of Pais Vasco?

A

sandy top soils. many vines have not been affected by phylloxera, allowing many old vines

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82
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Pais Vasco?

A

Ondarrabi Zuri (95%)

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83
Q

What is the red variety used in the Chacolis?

A

Ondurrabi Beltza

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84
Q

What is Ojo De Gallo?

A

rose wines from the Chacolis

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85
Q

What is the term for rose from Chacoli?

A

ojo de gallo

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86
Q

Recommend a producer from Pais Vasco

A

Ameztoi

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87
Q

What is Spain’s largest autonomia?

A

Castille y Leon

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88
Q

Who is Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves?

A

The founder of Vega Sicilia

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89
Q

Who is the founder of Vega Sicilia?

A

Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves

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90
Q

What is the top wine of Vega Sicilia? How long are the wines aged?

A

Unico. Over a decade in American and French oak barrels.

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91
Q

Is Vega Sicilia Unico 100% Tinto del pais? Do they make it every year?

A

No. Usually 70% with cabernet sauvignon and merlot. No only in great years.

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92
Q

What is the difference between Unico and Unico Reserva Especial?

A

Reserva Especial is a non vintage wine

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93
Q

What is another wine produced by Vega Sicilia?

A

Valbuena 5, Alion. and Macan in Rioja

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94
Q

Where does Aalto produce wine?

A

Ribera del duero

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95
Q

Is Ribera del Duero a DOCa?

A

No

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96
Q

Is there a required minimum for tinto del pais in Ribera del duero? Explain

A

yes. 75%

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97
Q

Are whites permitted in Ribera del Duero ?

A

Technically, no. However a max % of albillo mayor is permitted in tinto, but more is allowed in rosados for freshness.

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98
Q

What is the main grape of Rueda? How much is required?

A

Verdejo. 50%, If labeled Rueda Verdejo, 85%

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99
Q

What is Rueda Dorado?

A

Dry Vino de licor grown under floor like sherry. Aged 4 years 2 years in wood

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100
Q

What is the required amount of Mencia in Bierzo?

A

70%

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101
Q

Is there a required minimum of tinta de toro for Toro DO?

A

Yes. 75%

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102
Q

Where does Bodegas Farina produce wine?

A

Toro DO

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103
Q

Where is Tierra del Vino de Zamora in relation to Toro?

A

Lies west.

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104
Q

Recommend a producer from Tierra del Vino de Zamura

A

Alejandro Fernandez’ Dehesa La Granja

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105
Q

Which DO in Castille y Leon is on the western border with Portugal?

A

Arribes DO

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106
Q

Can Rueda make red wine?

A

Yes

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107
Q

Where is Arlanza DO?

A

Castille y Leon

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108
Q

What was the name of the monastery that Priorat derives its name from?

A

Priorato de Scala Dei

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109
Q

Where is Penafiel?

A

Ribera del Duero

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110
Q

What is the famous soil of Priorat? What exactly is it?

A

Llicorella. A reddish slate with particles of quartzite through which the roots of the vine penetrate deeply. Higher vineyards have subsoil of schist.

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111
Q

Where is Gratallops? What is its significance?

A

Priorat. High country where often abandoned old vines were found that produced low yields. Also the location where Rene Barbier planted his vines.

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112
Q

Who is Rene Barbier? What is his contribution to Spanish wine?

A

Put Priorat on the map. A winemaker for Alvaro Palaciso who after planting a mix of local and french vines in Gratallops convinced Palacios and others to join him.

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113
Q

What are the 5 original ‘clos’ wines of Priorat? Are they released as DOCa?

A 
Clos Mogador, 
Clos Dofi, 
Clos Erasmus, 
Clos de l'Obac, 
Clos Martinet. 
No. (MODEM)
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114
Q

What two grapes are considered the focus of Priorat?

A

Garnacha and Carinena.

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115
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Priorato DOCa?

A

13.50%

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116
Q

Who produces L’Ermita? What is the cepage?

A

Alvaro Palacios. 80% Garnacha, 20% Cabernet

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117
Q

What was the first winery in Priorat?

A

Scala Dei

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118
Q

Who produces Clos Mogador?

A

Rene Barbier. What grapes are used? Garnacha, Cabernet, Syrah, Carinena

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119
Q

What is Vino de Pueblo?

A

A village category establish in 2009 in Priorat for estate-grown wines from twelve villages, including Gratallops

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120
Q

What is ‘Vi de la Vila’?

A

A label for Priorat where wines must include a min. 60% recommended varieties, or a min. 50% recommended varieties if only one is present.

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121
Q

What is Samso?

A

Mazuelo, Carignan

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122
Q

What DO is shaped likea. horse shoe practically surrounding Priorat?

A

Monsant DO

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123
Q

What grapes are dominant in Monsant DO?

A

Garnacha

Mazuelo

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124
Q

What DO historically was referred to as Poor Man’s Port?

A

Tarragona DO

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125
Q

Where is Terra Alta DO?

A

Catalonia

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126
Q

Where is Costers del Segre DO? What is its significance?

A

Catalonia. It is here that Manuel Raventos who had purchased arid, infertile land that would become his Raimat estate.

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127
Q

Where is Raimat?

A

Costers del Segre

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128
Q

What are the sub regions of Penedes? Which is highest altitude?

A

Baix-Penedes, Medio-Penedes, Alt-Penedes. Alt Penedes. This is the location of San Sadurni d Anoia.

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129
Q

What is Ull de Llebre?

A

Synonym for Tempranillo in Penedes

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130
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in Penedes?

A

Ull de Llebre

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131
Q

What town is famous for being considered the birthplace of Cava?

A

San Sadurni d’Anoia

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132
Q

Which former Cava producer makes CAVA but chooses to not release as such? What is the name of the proposed DO

A

Raventos i Blanc. Conca del Riu Anoia

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133
Q

What regions can produce Cava?

A

Aragon, Basque, Catalonia, Extremadura, Rioja, Navarra, Valencia (BC RAVEN)

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134
Q

What are the white grapes of CAVA DO?

A

?Recommended: Parellada, Macabeo, Xarel-lo

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135
Q

What are the red grapes of CAVA DO?

A

Pinot Noir, Monastrell, Garnacha Tinta, Trepat (Trepat may only be used for rose)

136
Q

Minimum lees aging for Gran Reserva CAVA?

A

?Gran Reserva: min. 30 months on the lees. Brut, Brut Reserve, Brut Nature only

137
Q

Minimum lees aging for CAVA DO

A

9 months

138
Q

Minimum lees aging for CAVA Reserva?

A

15 months

139
Q

What is Pansa Blanca?

A

Xarel-Lo

140
Q

What are the DOs of the Balearic Islands?

A

Pla i Llevant and Binissalem Mallorca

141
Q

What is Manto Negro?

A

red grape from Balearic Islands

142
Q

What is moll?

A

red grape from Balearic Islands

143
Q

What are the grapes of the Balearic Islands?

A

Mantonegro and Moll

144
Q

Who introduced metodo tradicional sparkling wines to Spain?

A

Jose Raventos of Codorniu

145
Q

Who is Jose Raventos and what was his great contribution to Spanish Wine?

A

Introduced metodo tradicional sparkling wines to Penedes in 1872.

146
Q

What is Merseguera?

A

white grape in Valencia

147
Q

What region is known as the home of paella?

A

Valencia

148
Q

What DO is known for Fondillon?

A

Alicante

149
Q

What is Fondillon?

A

NOT FORIFIED, a solera-style, oxidative dessert wine from overripe Monastrell aged for a minimum of ten years.

150
Q

Where is Fondillon produced? How long must it be aged?

A

Alicante. 10 years. 100% monastrell

151
Q

What is Doble Pasta and what DO is associated with this?

A

red wines are macerated and fermented with twice the normal amount of grape skins and pulp, resulting in a wine of intense concentration, tannin and color. Utiel Requena DO.

152
Q

What are the DOs of Murcia?

A

Jumilla, Yecla, Bullas

153
Q

Where is Alella DO?

A

Catalonia

154
Q

What is the grape of Alella DO?

A

Pansa Blanca aka Xarel-Lo

155
Q

What DO is known for whites from Merseguera?

A

Valencia DO

156
Q

What is Europe’s largest single demarcated wine region?

A

La Mancha DO

157
Q

What are the DOs of Valencia?

A

Valencia, Alicante, Utiel Requena

158
Q

What is the largest DO of Valencia?

A

Utiel Requena

159
Q

What DOs are known for the Bobal grape?

A

Utiel Requena( Valencia), Manchuela (La Mancha)

160
Q

What is the synonym for Tempranillo in La Mancha?

A

Cencibel

161
Q

Which DO formerly hosted the estate of Marques De Grinon?

A

Mentrida DO

162
Q

Where is Mentrida DO

A

La Mancha

163
Q

Where is Almansa DO?

A

La Mancha

164
Q

What is the sole DO of Extremadura?

A

Ribera del Guadiana DO

165
Q

What is Tierra do Barros?

A

a subregion of Ribera del Guadiana. Encompasses nearly 80% of the DO, is the home of Bodegas Inviosa, a longstanding and key proponent of the region’s wines?and the only producer of Cava in southwestern Spain.

166
Q

True or False: Phylloxera was a small setback for the Canary Islands in the 1800s.

A

False. Phylloxera has never made its way to the Canaries.

167
Q

What is Tenerife?

A

Island of the Canaries that is host to 5 of the ten DOs

168
Q

List a DO from the Canary Islands

A

La Palma, El Hierro, Gran Canaria, La Gomera and Lanzarote.

169
Q

Which of the grapes for red cava can only be used for rose wines?

A

Trepat

170
Q

Which DO in Spain borders Banyuls in France?

A

Emporda DO

171
Q

Rioja must be aged in what size of barrel?

A

225 liters

172
Q

What is anada?

A

Term for vintage sherry

173
Q

What style of wine is produced by Valdespino?

A

Sherry

174
Q

What DOs cover an entire island within the Canary Islands?

A

Tenerife, La Palma, El Heirro, Gran Canaria, La Gomera, Lanzarote

175
Q

What DOs lie within Tenerife?

A

Abona, Valle de Guimar, Valle de la Orotava, Ycoden-Daute-Isora, Tacoronte-Acentejo

176
Q

When were growers allowed to irrigate in Spain?

A

1996

177
Q

What are the three DO Pagos of Navarra?

A

Arinzano, Prado de Irache , and Otazu

178
Q

What is the only DO Pago of Valencia?

A

Los Balagueses in 2011

179
Q

What is the only DO Pago of Carinena?

A

Ayles in 2011

180
Q

Name 3 DO Pagos of Castilla La Mancha

A

Dominio de Valdepusa, Finca El Ez, Dehesa del Carrizal, Guijoso, Campo de la Guardia, El Terrerazo, Castel del Banco, Calzadilla

181
Q

What are the red grapes of Rioja DOCa

A

Trempranillo with Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano (monastrell of Catalonia), Maturana Tinta

182
Q

Is Chardonnay permitted in Rioja DOCa?

A

Yes

183
Q

What are the blending grapes of Rioja DOCa for white wines?

A

Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo, Tempranillo Blanca, Maturana Tinta, Torrontes

184
Q

How are vines traditionally trained in Rioja?

A

. Vineyards in Rioja tend to be small, with those in the Baja tending to slightly larger than Alta or Alavesa. Traditionally the vines are gobelet trained, with a freestanding upright vine pruned into a kind of lollypop shape. This works well with widely spaced plantings on less arable soils, and provides the grapes some shade from the sun within a canopy of sheltering leaves.

185
Q

How many years must Rioja Gran Reserav be aged totral>?

A

5 years

186
Q

What is the dominant white grape of Navarra? Where?

A

Chardonnay. Tierra de Estella and Ribera Alta. aja Montana and Valdizarbe are the hotter regions usually producing reds.

187
Q

What does Roble mean?

A

Red wine aged 90 days minmum in Oak

188
Q

How long must Roble wines be aged in Oak? Name a DOC

A

90 days. Navarra

189
Q

What is Envejeccido en Roble?

A

Muscatel de Vino de Licor produced in Navarra. Must be aged 24 months with 18 months in barrel

190
Q

Less than half the vines of Campo de Borja are how old?

A

at least 50 years old

191
Q

What is Vino de Aguaja

A

Semi Sparkling wine (Calatayud)

192
Q

What is Vinas Viejas

A

Old vine designation of Calatayud. Vines must be at least 35 years old for this designation.

193
Q

What are the requirements for Calatayud DO Superior?

A

Must be 85% Garnaha Tinta from vines min. 50 years old

194
Q

What region is affected bythe Sierra de Guaria and Sierra de Salinas?

A

Somontano

195
Q

Can Rias Baixas produce red wines? Lista grape

A

Yes. Caino Tinto, Mencia, Espadeiro

196
Q

If aged in wood, what can Rias Baixas white wines be labeled?

A

Blanca Barrica

197
Q

Name a region where youwould see Blanca Barrica

A

Rias Baixas., Ribeira Sacra Min. 3 months in wood

198
Q

How Long must RIas Baixas Blanca Barrica be aged

A

3 months in wood

199
Q

Valdeorras wines are separated into what two yield categories?

A

Hillside Vineyards and Plains VIneyards 8 tons vs 20 tons per ha

200
Q

Valdeorras DO flanks what river?

A

Sil

201
Q

Explain Blanco Summum designation

A

Ribeira Sacra term. 100% preffered varieties of Albarino, Godello, Treixadura, Loureira, Torrontes, Dona Branca

202
Q

Explain Tinto Summum designation

A

Ribeira Sacra term.Min. 85% Principal red grapes with a minimum 60^ Mencia

203
Q

How much Mencia is required in Tinto Summum ?

A

Riberia Sacra Term. 60%

204
Q

WHat is Monterrei Blanco?>

A

Min. 60% Dona Branca, Godello, Treixadura

205
Q

What is Monterrei Tinto

A

Min. 60% Mencia, Merenzao (bastardo)

206
Q

Where is the Bay of Biscay

A

Chacolis

207
Q

What are the soils of the Chacolis

A

Alluvial clay beneath sand. phylloxera does not flourish here so many vines are old and own rooted

208
Q

What are the white grapes of Bierzo DO?

A

Dona Branca and Godello

209
Q

What two DOs do you see Dona Branca as a recommended variety?

A

Monterrei and Bierzo

210
Q

What are the provinces of Ribera del Duero?

A

Valladolid, Burgos, Segovia, Soria

211
Q

What is the optimum elevation for Ribera del Duero?

A

2296 to 3280 feet

212
Q

what are the soils of Ribera del Duero

A

Clay marl limestone, but most important is Limestone

213
Q

What two grape varieties maybe produced as varietal wines in Rueda DO

A

Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc

214
Q

What is Priorat Vino de Guarda

A

Aged 12 months in oak

215
Q

What elements influence the region of Priorat

A

The region is proteted from northwest winds by the Sierra de Monstant.

216
Q

What is the name of the river that flows through Priorat?

A

Siurana

217
Q

What are the soils of Priorat?

A

Black Slate

218
Q

What did Priorat establish in 2009

A

Vi de La Vila for estate grown fruit from one of twelve villages

219
Q

What are 3 villages of Priorat

A

La Vilella Alta, La Vilella Baixa, Gratallops, Scala Dei, Torroja del Priorat, El Lloar, Solanes del Molar, Bellmunt del Priorat, Masos de Falset, Pooleda, La Morera de Monstant

220
Q

What is Vino Vimblanc

A

Vino de Licor from overripe grapes found in Monsant or Tarragona DOs

221
Q

what mountains shelter Pendeds from cold northern winds?

A

Montserrat

222
Q

What are the white grapes of Binissalem DO?

A

Must be min Moll 50% or Moscatel 50%

223
Q

Where would you find Moll? What style of wine is produced?

A

Binissalem DO. Whites

224
Q

What is the red grape of Binissalem DO?

A

Min. 50% Mantonegro

225
Q

Where is the Guadeal Quivir River?

A

Sherry

226
Q

What is the most important river of Sherry?

A

Guadeal Quivir River

227
Q

How are vines trained in Priorat?

A

r. The vines are usually planted as low bushes (en vaso) though the newer vineyards tend to be planted on trellises (en espaldera).

228
Q

What are the permitted vine training systems for CAVA DO

A

En Vaso

229
Q

What is Cava del Paraje?

A

Single-estate categories for hand-harvested wines.

230
Q

What is the AOP of Goyo garcia

A

Ribera del Duero

231
Q

What is the appellation of Domino del Aguila

A

Ribera del Duero

232
Q

Where is Tenerife?

A

Canary Islands

233
Q

What is Escumos?

A

Sparkling wine in Binissalem

234
Q

What is the minimum Mantonegro for Binissalem DO Negre?

A

50%

235
Q

How many DOs are in the Canary Islands Autonomia?

A
  1. 5 of which are on the island of Tenerife, the rest are whole islands.
236
Q

Where is La Palma?

A

Canary Islands

237
Q

Where is La Gomera

A

Canary Islands

238
Q

Where is El Hierro

A

Canary Islands

239
Q

Where is Gran Canaria

A

Canary Islands

240
Q

Where is Lanzarote

A

Canary Islands

241
Q

What are the principal red grapes of Monterrei DO

A

Mencia and Merenzao (Bastardo)

242
Q

What does Castilles y Leon mean?

A

Land of Castles, relating to the fortifications that were built to repel the moors.

243
Q

What are the DOs of Castille y Leon

A

Ribeira del Duero, Toro, Rueda, Arlanza, Cigales, Tierrar del Vino Zamora, Arribes, Tierra de Leon, Bierzo

244
Q

What is the river of Bierzo DO

A

Sil

245
Q

Who owns Vega Sicilia

A

the Alavarez family

246
Q

When did Ribeira del Duero gain DO status

A

1982

247
Q

What is the aging requriement for Ribera del Duero Crianza?

A

2 years 1 year in cask 1 year in bottle

248
Q

What is the aging requirement for Ribera del Duero Riserva

A

3 years 1 in cask

249
Q

What is the aging requirement for RIbera del Duero Gran Reserva

A

5 years. 3 years in bottle. 2 years in cask.

250
Q

What style of wines are produced in Rueda

A

Blanco, Rosado, Espumoso, Rueda Dorado

251
Q

Has Phylloxera majorly affected Toro DO?

A

No. The region’s sandy soils has protected it, allowing it to have several pre-phylloxera vineyards.

252
Q

What is the principal grape of Montilla-Moriles?

A

Pedro Ximenez

253
Q

What is soleo?

A

Process of drying grapes in Malaga, where the grapes are dried for a period of up to 20 days on esparto grass mats prior to fermentation

254
Q

What is arrope?

A

a form of grape concentrate used to add sweetness to the wines of Malaga

255
Q

What 3 towns can Sherry only be shipped from?

A

Jerez de la Frontera, Sanlucar de Barrameda, and El Puerto de Santa Maria

256
Q

What is Sherry?

A

Sherry is a fortified wine from Andalucia on the southern coast of Spain

257
Q

True or False: Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda and Jerez-Xeres-Sherry share identical production zones

A

TRUE

258
Q

What are the two distinct differences between Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda and Jerez-Xeres-Sherry?

A

While Jerez-Xeres-Sherry can be aged in Jerez de la Frontera, Sanlucar de Barrameda, and El Puerto de Santa Maria, Sanlucar de Barrameda must undergo aging in Sanlucar de Barrameda

259
Q

What two winds moderate temperature in Jerez?

A

The poniente, from the west, is cool not very strong and humid. It can also raise humidity to 90%. The Levante from the southeast, is horrible, strong and hot; it can reduce the humidity to thirty percent. it essentially cooks the grapes on the vine during ripening. The two alternate to promote the growth of flor.

260
Q

What are the principal soils of Jerez? Which is considered the best and why?

A

Albariza, barros, and arenas. Albariza, a chalky porous limestone rich soil of brilliant white color, produces the best sherry. it acts like a sponge to water and can absorb as much as thirty four per cent by weight, which it then retains under a surface that does not crack under the sun.

261
Q

What is another name for Listan?

A

Palomino

262
Q

What is a synonym for Palomino?

A

Listan

263
Q

What 3 grapes are authorized for Sherry?

A

Palomino Fino, Pedro Ximenez, Moscatel

264
Q

What are the two sub varieties of Palomino?

A

Palomino Fino and Palomino de Jarez

265
Q

What is the common form of vine training in Jerez?

A

vagar y pulgar

266
Q

Sherry must be aged in solera for how long minimum?

A

2 years

267
Q

What occurs when a Fino becomes an Amontillado?

A

The flor has disappeared and a biological aging process becomes an oxidative one

268
Q

What does generoso indicate?

A

totally dry in character. max 5 grams per liter sugar

269
Q

What is the desired alcoholic strength for flor to develop?

A

15-17%

270
Q

Does oloroso sherries have flor?

A

No

271
Q

What type of yeast is Flor?

A

saccharomyces

272
Q

What conditions are required for the growth of flor?

A

A temperature between 60-70 degrees, the absence of fermentable sugars, and a particular alcoholic strenth

273
Q

What causes the difference in style from a Manzanilla and a wine aged in Jerez?

A

Sanlucar is the coolest, consequently the finos are the lightest and most pungent. Those from Jerez, where flor develops less abundantly are typically more robust.

274
Q

Wines destined for Oloroso are fortified to what strength?

A

above 17%

275
Q

What is Manzanilla Pasada?

A

A wine that is similar to fino-amontillado, as it has lost the protection of flor and beginning to show some oxidative characteristics.

276
Q

What two new categories were created by the consejo regulardor. in 2000 and what do they indicate?

A

VOS. Very Old Sherry. Average 20 year solera. VORS. Very Old Rare Sherry. Average 30 year solera. Reserved for Amontillado, Oloroso, Palo Cortado, Pedro Ximenez.

277
Q

Can the term Amontillado be used in Montilla-Moriles?

A

No

278
Q

Where is Montilla-Moriles in relation to Jerez?

A

Northeast

279
Q

What particular about the climate in Montilla-Moriles that distinguishes it from Jerez?

A

Hotter conditions, and the PX grape ripens extremely well and can naturally ferment to 15.5% alcohol.

280
Q

Recommend a producer from Montilla-Moriles

A

Alvear, undoubtedly the leading bodega and easily the strongest in export markets.

281
Q

What does Malaga Noble indicate?

A

24 to 36 months in oak

282
Q

What does Malaga Anejo indicate?

A

36 to 60 months in oak

283
Q

What does Malaga Transanejo indicate?

A

min. 60 months in oak

284
Q

What does Malaga Palido indicate?

A

less than 6 months aging (also 100% recommended varietals)

285
Q

What does Malaga indicate?

A

min. 6 to 24 months in oak

286
Q

What are the grapes of Malaga?

A

Pedro Ximenez and Moscatel

287
Q

Where is Malaga in relation to jerez?

A

East

288
Q

Where does flor grow the best?

A

Sanlucar de barrameda

289
Q

2 years (including 6 months in cask) for Red

A

Crianza

290
Q

3 years (including 1 year in cask) for Red

A

Red Reserva

291
Q

5 years (including 18 months in cask) for Red

A

Red Gran Reserva

292
Q

18 months (including 6 months in cask) for white/rosado

A

Crianza

293
Q

2 years (including 6 months in cask) for white/rosado

A

Reserva

294
Q

4 years (including 6 months in cask) for white/rosado

A

Gran Reserva

295
Q

Where is the Pyrenees Mountains

A

Between Spain and France

296
Q

which mountain range gives rain shadow to Rioja?

A

Cantabrian mountains

297
Q

what’s the name of the river across Rioja?

A

Ebro

298
Q

which region became first DOCa in Spain?

A

Rioja in 1991

299
Q

What is Mazuelo?

A

Synonym for Carignan

300
Q

What are the 5 main grape variety used to make Rioja?

A

Tempranillo

301
Q

What is Macabeo called in Rioja?

A

Viura

302
Q

What are the authorized grapes in white Rioja?

A

Viura

303
Q

Rosado Wines require a min of ____% of red grapes.

A

25%

304
Q

aging requirement for red crianza rioja

A

min 2 yrs, 1yr in oak

305
Q

aging requirement for red reserva rioja

A

min 3 yrs, 1yr in oak, 6months in bottle

306
Q

aging requirement for red gran reserva rioja

A

min 5 yrs, 2yrs in oak, 2 yrs in bottle

307
Q

aging requirement for white crianza rioja

A

min 2yrs, 6mo in oak

308
Q

aging requirement for white reserva rioja

A

min 2 yrs, 6mo in oak, must be bottle, only oak

309
Q

aging requirement for white gran reserva rioja

A

min 4 yrs, 6mo in oak, only oak

310
Q

What’s the smallest subzone in rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa

311
Q

What’s the northermost zone in rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa

312
Q

What is vino joven?

A

early consumption wine. some carbonic maceration.

313
Q

What’s the soil type of Rioja Alta?

A

Calcareous Clay

314
Q

What does calcareous clay called in Rioja Alta?

A

Arcillo Calcareo

315
Q

What’s the soil type of Rioja Alavesa?

A

Calcareous Clay

316
Q

What’s the soil type of Rioja Oriental?

A

Alluvial soil

317
Q

What are the principal white grapes in Rioja?

A

Viura

318
Q

What are the principal red grapes in Rioja?

A

Tempranillo

319
Q

What’s the main varietal of Rioja Oriental?

A

Garnacha

320
Q

What is Vino Espumoso de Calidad?

A

Traditional method sparkling wine in Rioja

321
Q

What’s the min aging for Vino Espumoso de Calidad?

A

min 15mo less aging

322
Q

What’s the min aging for Vino Espumoso de Calidad reserva?

A

min 24mo lees aging

323
Q

What’s the min aging for Vino Espumoso de Calidad gran reserva?

A

min 36mo lees aging

324
Q

What’s the famous wine category in Navarra?

A

Rosado

325
Q

Where is Campo de Borja located?

A

Aragon

326
Q

Name the 4 DO’s of Aragon

A

Campo de Borja

327
Q

What are the principal grapes in Campo de Borja?

A

Garnacha and Tempranillo

328
Q

What’s the principal grape in Calatayud?

A

Garnacha

329
Q

What’s the principal grape in Carinena?

A

Garnacha

330
Q

What are the principal grapes in Somontano?

A

Red: Parraleta

331
Q

Name the 5 DO’s of Galicia

A

Monterrei,

332
Q

What’s the soil type of Rias Baixas?

A

mostly Granite and Alluvial

333
Q

What’s the main white grape in Ribeiro?

A

Treixadura

334
Q

What’s the main red grape in Ribeiro?

A

Caino

335
Q

Which DO in Galicia is famous for Godello?

A

Valdeorras DO

336
Q

What’s the grape variety for Pais Vasco Txakolina?

A

Ondarrabi Zuri

Advanced Sommelier Exam (11 decks)

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