Spain Flashcards
1
Q
What was the first english term for spanish sherry?
A
Sack
2
Q
Approximately how many hectares of vineyards are in Spain?
A
969,000
3
Q
The majority of spanish vineyards share what Geographical feature?
A
High Altitude
4
Q
When were the first DO’s given in spain?
A
1932
5
Q
What are the 5 PDO categories of spain?
A
VCIG, DO, DOCa, VP, Vino de Pago Calificado
6
Q
What are spain 2 DOCa’s, and when were they created?
A
Rioja, 1991, and Priorat, 2009
7
Q
When was VP established, which estate was first?
A
2003, Dominio de Valdepusa, and Finca Eleza
8
Q
Which is the smallest VP?
A
Vallegarcia (1.5ha)
9
Q
Which VP was the first estate in the world to implement drip-irrigation?
A
Dominio de Valdepusa
10
Q
Crianza Red
A
Min 2 years, inc 6 Months in oak
11
Q
Crianza White
A
min 18 months, inc 6 months in oak
12
Q
Reserva Red
A
Min 3 years, inc 1 year in oak
13
Q
Rerserva White
A
Min 2 years, inc 6 Months in oak
14
Q
Gran Reserva Red
A
Min 5 years, Inc 18 months in oak
15
Q
Gran Reserva White
A
Min 4 years, inc 6 months in oak
16
Q
What size casks are used for Crianza, Reserva and Gran Reserva?
A
330l
17
Q
What’s the difference between Rioja and Ribera del Duero’s aging requirements?
A
Rioja mandates time in bottle for Reserva (6 Months) and Gran Reserva (2 years)
18
Q
Which spanish region has ancient Albarinho Vines?
A
Rias Baixis (up to 300 years old)
19
Q
Which appellations is Godello found in?
A
Rias Baixis, Ribeiro, Ribeira Sacra, Valdeorras, Monterrei, Bierzo
20
Q
In which Region is Bierzo?
A
Castilla y Leon
21
Q
Give two synonyms for Macabeo (and Appellations)
A
Viura (Rioja) and Macabeu (Catalonia)
22
Q
Give a synonym for Palomino
A
Listan Bianco (Canary Islands)
23
Q
What is Verdejo called in Rueda?
A
Albillo de Nava
24
Q
In which appelation is sauvignon blanc most likely to be a varietal wine?
A
Rueda
25
Give 2 synonyms for Carignan
Carinyena, Mazuelo
26
Give a synonym for Alicante Bouschet
Garnacha Tintorera
27
What is Mencia known as in portugal?
Jaen
28
Give a synynym for Monastrell
Mouvedre
29
Give 5 synonyms for Tempranillo (and Region)
Cencibel (Valdepenas), Tinto del Pais, Tinto Fino (Ribera del Duero), Tinta del Toro (Toro), Tinta Roriz, Aragonez (Portugal), Ulle de Lebre (Calalonia)
30
Which pilgrimage crosses Galicia?
Camino de Santiago
31
What are the 5 subzones of Rias Baixis?
Val do Salnes, Riberia do Ulla, Soutomaior, O Rosal, Condado do Tea.
32
Which is the largest subzone in Rias Baixis?
Val do Salnes (Over half of plantings)
33
Which subzone is most exposed to the atlantic?
Val do Salnes
34
The most famous soil in Rias Baixis?
Xabre
35
How are vines trained in Rias Baixis?
On Granite Pergola, called parral
36
What are the recommended white grapes of Rias Baixis?
Albarinho, Loureira, Treaixadura, Caino Blanco
37
Which subzone can not be labelled in Rias Baixis?
Soutomaior
38
What are the two main rivers in Galicia?
Sil and Mino
39
What is the key variety of Ribeiro?
Treixadura
40
Which 2 galicia appellations may not produce espumoso?
Monterrei and Ribeira Sacra
41
Key white and red varieties of Riberia Sacra?
Godello, Louriera, Mencia
42
Whhich styles of ribeira sacra forbid vinification in stainless steel?
Branco Garda and Tinto Garda
43
What is Summum from Ribeira del Sacra?
A designation that requires minimum 85% principal grapes (red or white)
44
What is the ribeira sacra term for Bastardo?
Merenzao
45
What is the main variety of Valdeorras?
Godello
46
Main soil of valdeorras?
Slate
47
Which Valdeorras wines may be varietally labelled?
Mencia (>85%) and Godello (100%)
48
What is the most southern DOP of Galicia?
Monterrei
49
Styles produced in Monterrei?
Blanco (Dona Branca, Godello, Treixadura, Albarinho, Blanca de Monterrei, Caino Blanco, Loureira) and Tinto (Mencia, Merenzao, Caino Tinto, Souson, Arauxa aka Tempranillo)
50
What are the DO's of Galicia?
Rias Baixis, Ribeiro, Ribeira Sacra, Valdeorras, Monterrei, Bierzo
51
What is the most western DO of Castilla y Leon?
Bierzo
52
Who was the pioneering quality producer in bierzo before the DO was established?
Jose Luis Prado (Prada a Tope)
53
What is the climate in Bierzo?
Continental, with a degree of maritime influence (slightly humid)
54
What are Bierzo's tiers of quality? (5)
VR, Vino de Villa, Vino de Paraje, Vino de Vina Clasificada, Gran Vino de Vina Classificada
55
What are the soils in Bierzo?
Slate in the hills, silty loam in the flats
56
Which subzone of Bierzo has the most Vino de Villa?
Ponferrada
57
What is the name of Rueda's Vino de Licor's? (2)
Rueda Palido (white) and Dorado (Golden). Both Palomin and/or Verdejo
58
2 key white grapes of Rueda?
Sauvignon blanc and Verdejo (up to 100% of either)
59
Key red grapes of Rueda?
Tempranillo, plus cab, merlot, grenache, syrah
60
Requirements or Gran Vino de Rueda?
Vines min 30yo, yields less than 6.2 tonnes /ha
61
Aging requirements for Vino Palido?
at least 3 years, aging biologically in oak.
62
Aging requirements for Rueda Dorado?
Min 4 years, inc 2 years in oak.
63
Requirements for Vino Pueblo?
Village wine (min 85% of grapes from stated village)
64
3 Top producers from Ribera del Duero?
Peter Sisseck (pingus), Pesquera, Vega Sicilia (est 1864)
65
Names for tempranillo in RBD?
Tinto Fino or Tina del Pais
66
Permitted white grapes in RBD?
Albillo Mayor
67
Permitted red grapes in RBD?
Tinto Fino, Garnacha, Malbec, Merlot, Cabernet
68
Aging requirements for Red RBD?
Crianza: 12 months oaked, 2 years total. Riserva: 12 months oaked, 3 years total. Gran Riserva: 2 years oak, 5 years total.
69
Aging requirements for white/rosado RBD?
Crianza: 6 months in oak, 18 months total. Riserva: 6 Months oak, 24 Months total. Gran Riserva: 6 months oak, 48 months total.
70
Name the DO's of Castilla y Leon
Bierzo, Leon, Arlanza, Cigales, Ribera Del Duero, Rueda, Toro, Tierra del Vina de Zamora, Arribes, Sierra de Salamanca
71
Cigales is best known for what style?
Rosado (Verdejo and Tinta del Pais)
72
What is the soil type of Cigales?
Galet Roule (like CNDP)
73
What is Vega Sicilia's Toro estate?
Pintia
74
Assemblage of Toro (red)?
min 75% Temp, or 85% Garnacha.
75
What are the white grapes of Toro?
Verdejo, Malbasia Castellana, Albillo Real, Muscat a Petit Grains
76
Which 2 DO's did Emile Peynaud have drastic influence on?
Ribera del Duero and Rioja
77
Which provinces does la Rioja reach into?
La Rioja, Basque Country, Navarra, Castilla y Leon
78
What is the Rioja Synonym for Trousseau?
Maturana Tinta
79
What are the rules for Vinedo Singular?
Approved vineyards only, 10 year history with the specific vineyard, Vines must be 35 years old, handpicked only, 100% of fruit from named vineyard, wines to be produced, aged and bottled at named winery, intention of single vineyard bottling to be indicated to consejo prior to harvest, consejo may take control of vineyard destined for Vinedo Singular to ensure integrity, Arrival of fruit and its weight to be reorded with the consejo for review
80
Rioja aging rules (red)
Crianza: 12 months in oak, 24 months total. Reserva: 12 months oak, 6 months in bottle, 3 years total. Gran Reserva 24 months in oak, 24 months in bottle, 5 years total
81
Rioja aging rules (white)
Crianza: 6 months oak, 18 months total (balance in oak, bottle or stainless steel). Reserva: 6 months oak, 2 years total (balance in oak or bottle). Gran Reserva (6 months oak, 48 months total (balance in oak or bottle)
82
What size casks are used in Rioja, and ribera del Duero?
225l, 330l.
83
Aging requirements for Rioja Vino Espumoso de Calidad
15 months, 24 months, 36 months.
84
What is Rioja Vino Espumoso de Caldidad Gran Anada?
Vintage Sparkling Rioja
85
When was Rioja DOCa established?
1991
86
What are the major international varieties planted in Navarra?
French varieties (Cabernet, Merlot and Chardonnay), as the greater reputation of Rioja discouraged production of Tempranillo
87
What is the DO of Navarra?
Navarra DO
88
What are the 5 subzones of Navarra?
Baja Montana, Valdizarbe, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja, Tierra Estella
89
Which part of Navarra does the Ebro cross?
Ribera Baja
90
Which subzone of Navarra is focussed on Grenache?
Baja Montana
91
Which subzone of Navarra is known for sweet production, and what are the varieties?
Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Ribera Baja
92
Requirements for Navarra Rose?
Ideally Garnacha (but not mandated), must be saignee
93
Requirements for Envejecido en Roble in Navarra?
>85% Moscatel, >24 months elevage, >18 months oak.
94
What are the four DO's of Aragon?
Calatyud, Carinena, Campo de Borja, Somontano
95
Which river of Aragon flows into the Ebro in Navarra?
Jalon
96
What is the most planted grape in Aragon?
Garnacha (2/3 of plantings)
97
What are the terms for Old Vines in Calatyud, and what is the minimum age?
Vinas Viejas, >35 years, Calatyud Superior, >85% grenache, >50 year old vines
98
Name the river in Carinena
Huerva (also joins the ebro)
99
When was Carinena DO created?
1932
100
What is Vino de Aguja?
Semi Sparkling from Calatyud
101
How did Campo de Borja get its name?
Former pope Alfonso de Borgia (1455)
102
Which Aragon DO produces Aromatic varieties?
Somontano (Gewurz, Riesling, Sauvignon blanc)
103
Who invented traditional-method cava?
Codorniu Raventos
104
How long does remuage take with Gyropallette, vs by hand
3 days, vs 6 weeks
105
Which village is the centre of cava production
Sant Sadurni d'Anoia
106
What are the three traditional grapes of Cava?
Macabeo, Xarel-lo, Parrelada (plus trepat for rose)
107
What are the foil colours on cava and their significance?
Green (Cava de Guarda) Silver (Reserva) Gold (Gran Reserva) Antique Gold (Paraje Calificado)
108
What is Cava de Paraje Calificado?
>36months on lees, brut or drier (<12g/l), max yield 8.8t/ha, Only single vineyard, only hand harvest. Vines min 10 years old. no acidification. Must be vintage dated
109
What are the zones of Cava Production?
Comtats de Barcelona, Valle de Ebro, Vinedos de Almnedralejo, Zona de Levante
110
What is the aging for cava/cava de Guarda?
>9 months on Lees
111
What are the three (unofficial) growing zones of Penedes DO?
Baix-Penedes, Mija-Penedes, Penedes Superior
112
What is the lees aging requirement for "Classic Penedes"?
min 15 months.
113
What is the term for ancestral method Classic Penedes?
No Dejorhat (min 48 months on lees)
114
What wine is made in penedes using crying-exraction?
Vino de Frio
115
Name 5 original producers of Priorat
Clos Mogador, Finca Dofi, Clos Erasmus, Mas Martinet, Clos d'Obac
116
In what year was priorat made DOQA and DOCA?
DOQA in 2000, DOCA in 2009
117
What are the Villages of Priorat?
La Morera de Montsant, Gratallops, Bellmunt del Priorat, Escaladei, Porrera, Poboleda, La Vilella Baixa, La Vilella Alta, El Lloar, Masos del Terme de Falset, Solanes del Terme de El Molar, Torroja de Priorat
118
What is a Priorat Single Vineyard?
Vi de Finca. 100% single parcel fruit. Only allowed for wines that also qualify for Catalan Vi de Finca
119
What is Vi de Paratge?
100% from a single zone
120
What is Velles Vinyes in Priorat?
A vineyard planted before 1945
121
What styles are produced in Priorat?
Still (White red rose) Rancio, Mistela, Vino dulce Natural
122
Priorat is encompassed by which DO?
Montsant
123
Name the 5 fortified styles of Montsant
Vino Rancio, Mistela, Garnatxa de Montsant: VDL, Vino Dulce Natural, Vimblanc (100% Pansa aka Xarel-lo)
124
What is the name of Tarragona's Orange Wine?
Vino Brisado
125
What are the DO's of Catalunya?
Allela, Catalunya, Cava, Conca de Barbera, Consters del Segre, Emporda, Montsant, Penedes, Pla de Bages, Priorat (DOQ), Tarragona, Terra Alta
126
What are the DO's of Valencia?
Valencia, Alicante, Utiel-Requena
127
What are the subzones of Valencia?
Alto Turia, Clariano, Valentino, Moscatel de Valencia
128
What styles are produced in Moscatel de Valencia?
VDN and VDL made from muscat of alexandria
129
What is the most planted grape in Alicante DO?
Monastrell (over 75%)
130
What is fondillon?
100% unfortified, late-harvest monastrell aged for at least 10 years in oak, max 40g/l
131
What is the most planted grape of Utiel-Requena?
Bobal
132
Jumilla DO sits between which two Autonomia?
Murcia and Castilla la Mancha
133
What is doble pasta?
Means double Mass, a kind of Ripassamento fermentation used for Bobal
134
What are the three DO's of Murcia?
Jumilla, Yecla and Bullas
135
What grape is used for Jumilla's VDL?
Monastrell
136
What is the primary red grape in Bullas?
Monstrell (min 60% for red and rose's)
137
What is the DO of Madrid?
Vinos do Madrid DO
138
What is sobremadre?
Red and Orange wine made in Vinos do Madrid DO with long skin contact (up to 180 days)
139
Which cheese is made in Castilla la Mancha?
Manchego
140
How many hectares are planted in La Mancha DO?
over 160000
141
What are the DO's of Castilla la Mancha?
Almansa, Campo de Calatrava, La Mancha, Manchuela, Mentrida, Mondejar, River del Jucar, Ucles, Valdepenas
142
What is the traditional training system of La Mancha DO?
Marco real (spacing 2.5m between vines)
143
Apart from grapes, what are two other famous crops from Extremadura?
Cork oak and Serrano Jamon
144
What is the DO of Extremadura?
Ribera del Guadiana
145
Which part of spain first saw viticulture?
Andalucia (brough by the Phonecians in 1100ad)
146
What are the 7 DO's of Andalucia?
Condado de Huelva, Granada, Montilla-Morilles, Manzanilla San Lucar del Barrameda, Jerez, Malaga/Sierras de Malaga,
147
Which DO in Andalucia produces Condado Palido and Condado Viejo
Condado de Huelva
148
Which do in Andalucia mandates a maximum fermentation temperature for Joven white wines?
Condado de Huelva
149
In which region is Malaga/Sierras de Malaga?
Andalucia
150
What is the difference between malaga and Sierras de Malaga?
Malaga is for VDN, Sierras de Malaga is for is for still wines.
151
What proportion of must remains for production of Arrope and Pantomima?
1/3rd and 1/2
152
Name and describe the three categories of Malaga DO - Dulce Vino de Licor?
Vino Maestro (VDL), Vino Dulce Natural (Classic VDN), Vino Tierno (Fortified during fermentation, Sun dried grapes)
153
Which DO is immediately north of Malaga?
Montilla-Moriles
154
What are the aging requirements for malaga VDL?
Palido (immediate release), 6 months (no label), Noble (2-3 years), anejo (3-5 years), transanejo (>5 years)
155
In what year was Granada promoted from VCIG to DO?
2021
156
What is the key variety of Craviesa-Alpujarra (Malaga)
Vijriego (at least 70% required for sparkling wines)
157
Which are the two Island DO's of Spain?
Balearic Islands and Canary Islands
158
Name the four Balearic Islands
Mallorca, Menorca, Formentera, Ibiza
159
What are the 2 DO's of Balearic Islands?
Binissalem and Pla i Levant
160
Name the 11 DO's of Canary Islands
Abona, El Hierro, Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, la Gomera, La Palma, Lanzarote, Tacoronte-Acentejo, valle de Guimar, Valle de Orotava, Ycoden-Daute-Isora
161
What is the most western island of Canary Islands?
El Hierro
162
What is the easternmost of the Canary Islands?
Lanzarote
163
What is the most planted white variety of Canary Islands?
Palomino (Listan Blanco)
164
What is the largest of the Canary Islands?
Tenerife
165
What is the term for cordon in Valle de la Orotava? Please describe
Trenzado, where vines are braided for up to 10 metres and raising the cordons with sticks, to keep the bunches off the ground
166
What is unique about viticulture on Lanzarote?
Soils are all black, volcanic. Vines are planted in Hoyo's, wide pits deep enough to reach a moisture-rich subsoil (Hoyos are often 5 metres deep). Vines are trained low to the ground, without trellises.
