Spain Flashcards
1
Q
Governing body for Spain’s wine
A
Consejo Regulador
2
Q
What seperates Spain from France
A
Pyrenees Mountains
3
Q
Spain generally has a …. climate with 3 major exceptions:
A
mediterranean
exceptions:
“Green Spain” in NW
Meseta - more continental
Eastern and southern coasts hot mediterranean
4
Q
5 most important white grapes
A
Albarino
Airen
Macabeo
Palomino
Verdejo
5
Q
What does “rancio” indicate?
A
Oxidative aging
6
Q
Mazuelo aka
A
Carinena
7
Q
t/f: Spain is home to many old Carinena vines
A
true
8
Q
Where is Carinena indigenous to?
A
Aragon
9
Q
Garnacha is indigenous to …
A
Aragon
10
Q
t/f: Monastrell is indigenous to Spain
A
true
11
Q
5 most important red grapes
A
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Carinena
Monastrell
Mencia
12
Q
Spain’s “table wine” quality category
A
Vino de Mesa
13
Q
Spain’s equivalent to IGP
A
Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)
14
Q
Spain’s 3 PDO level classifcations
A
VCIG
Do
DOCa
15
Q
What does “Vino de Pago” indicate
A
single-estate DOP wines that exist outside of established DOs
16
Q
Aging requirements for Spanish red wine
A
Crianza 2 years (6 barrel)
Reserva 3 years (12 barrel)
Gran Reserva 5 years (18 barrel)
17
Q
Aging requirements for Spanish white wine
A
Crianza 18 (6 mo barrel)
Reserva 2 years (6 mo barrel)
Gran Reserva 4 years (6 mo barrel)
18
Q
Define these terms: “noble” “anejo” “viejo”
A
noble - 18 months aging cask or bottle
anejo - 24 months aging cask or bottle
viejo - 36 months aging with oxidative character
19
Q
“bodega” means
A
winery
20
Q
“cosecha” means
A
vintage
21
Q
spanish term for vintage
A
cosecha
22
Q
“dulce” means
A
sweet
23
Q
term for sparkling
A
“espumoso”
24
Q
“finca” means …
A
farm/estate
25
what does "roble" indicate
oak - a young wine that has seen brief oak
26
"vendimia" means
vintage
27
vina, vinedo translate to...
vineyard
28
"vino tinto" means
red wine
29
Which autonomous community is home to the most Vinos de Pago?
Castilla-La Mancha
30
Galicia is best known for the production of crisp ____ wines
white
31
Name 4 important indigenous varities of Galicia
Albarino
Godello
Treixadura
Mencia
32
Name the 5 DOs of Galicia
Rias Baixas
Ribeiro
Ribeira Sacra
Valdeorras
Monterrei
33
What is to the north of Galicia?
Bay of Biscay
34
4/5 DOs of Galicia are centered around this river
River Mino
35
Galicia's only DO that specializes in red wine
Ribeira Sacra
36
Top white grape of Valdeorras DO
Godello
37
Where is Valdeorras DO?
Galicia
38
Godello is often compared to this grape
Chardonnay
39
This grape native to Portugal is often used in Galicia blends to add body and alcohol
Treixadura
40
This native Galician grape is often blended with treixadura and albarino. Add acidity and low alcohol to blend
Loureira
41
This grape makes red wines known for a light, fruity style. Atypical to the Spanish style.
Mencia
42
Mencia is famously cultivated in these two DOs
Bierzo
Ribeira Sacra
43
Noteworthy plantings of this grape in Ribeiro DO. Makes light, tart red wines
Caino Tinto
44
t/f: wines labeled Rías Baixas Albariño must be 100% varietal
true
45
Rias Baixas has how many subzones
5
46
Name the 3 most important subzones of Rias Baixas
O rosal
Condado do
Val do Salnes
47
O Rosal is a subzone of ...
Rias Baixas
48
Describe the differences between these subzones: O rosal, Condado do Tea, Val do Salnes
O rosal: ripe, floral wines
Condado do Tea: rich, full bodied
Val do Salnes: classic Albarino; acidic and salinity
49
Name the traditional trellis system used in Rias Baixas
Pergula
50
What does the term "colleiteiro" signify on a bottle of Galician wine?
winemaker
51
"adega" means
winery
52
"barrica" translates to ...
barrel
53
What is Vino Tostado?
dried grape wine produced in Ribeiro
54
Which subzone of Rias Baixas produces Albarino with great acidity + salinity
Val do Salnes
55
Rioja is bisected by this river
Ebro
56
Rioja is shielded from the north by this moutain range
Cantabrian
57
Rioja DOCa has territory in these 3 autonomous communities
La Rioja
Basque Country
Navarra
58
The 3 sectors of Rioja
Rioja Alta
Rioja Alavesa
Rioja Oriental
59
What year did Rioja receive DOCa status
1991
60
tempranillo is named for ...
its tendency to ripen early
61
tinto fino is a synonym for ...
tempranillo
62
Tinto del Pais is a synonym for ...
tempranillo
63
In which Rioja subregion does Garnacha dominate?
Rioja Oriental
64
t/f: Ribera del Duero often features international grapes in its blend
true
65
t/f: most wineries in Ribera del Duero have been established in the past 30 years
true
66
Name a classic pairing for red Rioja
Lamb
67
Carinena is called .... in Rioja
Mazuelo
68
Red grapes for Rioja
Tempranillo
Garnacha
Graciano
Mazuelo
69
Macabeo is known as ... in Rioja
Viura
70
Main grape for white Rioja
Viura ( aka Macabeo)
71
Graciano adds ... to the structure of Rioja
acidity
72
The historic center for wine production in Rioja
Rioja Alta
73
Rioja Alavesa is (north/south/west/east) of Rioja Alta
north
74
Rioja Alta and Rioja Alavesa have predominantly this soil
clay/limestone
75
t/f: Rioja makes a fortified wine
false
76
t/f: Rioja makes a rose wine
true
77
What town is Rioja Alta's historic center for production?
Haro
78
Rioja Alavesa is located within which autonomous community?
Basque Country
79
Body of water east of Catalonia
Mediterranean sea
80
Priorat is famojus for its _____ soils
licorella
81
The only stylistic DO of Spain
Cava
82
Why is Cava DO not contiguous?
Cava DO covers pockets of land (both within and outisde of Catalonia) that coincide with the vineyards of many producers throughout Spain who were known for producing Cava when the DO was established in 1991
83
This DO shapes as a donut surrounding Prior and also makes powerful reds based on Garnacha and Carinena
Montsant DO
84
This region is known primarily as the center of Cava production
Penedes DO
85
Catalonia's most important DOs
Catalunya DO
Cava DO
Montsant DO
Penedes DO
Priorat DOQ
86
Priorat received DOCa status in this year
2009
87
Winemaking in this region dates back to the 12th century, when Carthusian monks established the Cartuja of Scala Dei
Priorat DOCa
88
Priorat's "Village Wine" category
Vi de Vila
89
llicorella soil is composed of ...
black slate and quartz
90
Samso is another for ...
Carinena (in Priorat)
91
Priorat is home to this famous monastery
Scala Dei
92
95% of Cava production comes from...
Catalonia (particulary Penedes)
93
The Spanish are credited with the popularization of the ....., which mechanized the riddling process
gyropalette
94
t/f: pinot noir and chardonnay may be used for Cava
true
95
top 3 grapes for Cava production
Macabeo
Xarel-lo
Parellada
96
Flavor wise, Cava is typically ...
Slightly earthy with citrus
97
How is Cava classified?
by the amount of time spent on lees before disgorgement
98
The 4 Cava classifications
Cava (9)
Reserva (15)
Gran Reserva (30)
Cava de Paraje (36)
99
requirements for Cava de Paraje
single estate, hand harvest from 10yr+ old vines, vintage, 36 mo on lees
100
t/f: Cava is typically hand riddled
false. gyropallete is the norm
101
t/f: Cava's sweetness classifications mirrors Champagnet
true
102
a standard gyropallete holds ... bottle
504
103
a gyropallete completes the riddling process in ... week, as opposed to .. week if done by hand
1 / 6
104
How is rose Cava made?
red grapes are vinified into rose (no blending is alllowed)
105
What is "Classic Penedes"
subclassification within Penedes DO for sparkling wines. Tighter restrictions than Cava DO
106
What is Corpinnat?
category of sparkling wine made from an association of quality-minded producers in Penedes. Wines come from a smaller delimited zone from within Penedes. Strict requirements
107
Corpinnat must be made with minimum __% native grapes
90
108
t/f: all grapes used fro Corpinnat production must be organic and hand harvested
true
109
Tarragona DO is primarily known for its production of...
vermouth
110
Major city located in Catalonia
Barcelona
111
How many months minimum must Cava spend on the lees?
9
112
permitted dosage for Brut Cava
0-12 g/l
113
Autonomous community that Sherry is made within
Andalusia
114
Pedro Ximinez grown in ...... may be used for blending (Sherry)
Montilla-Moriles
115
These cities make up the Sherry triangle
Sanlucar de Barrameda
Jerez de la Frontera
El Puerto de Santa Maria
116
The first DO in Spain, established in 1933
Jerez-Xeres-Sherry DO
117
PX grapes in Montilla-Moriles are .... for several weeks prior to fermentation
sun dried
118
Moscatel aka
Muscat of Alexandria
119
Listan Blanco is another name for ...
Palomino
120
The two prevailing winds of the Sherry Triangle
Levante - hot, dry; intensifies heat; blows from the Mediterranean
Poniente - cool, humid; moderates the region; blows from the Atlantic
121
The soil that occupies 80% of the Sherry Triangle
Albariza
122
Benefits of Albareza soil
excellent water retention + reflects sunlight to help ripen grapes
123
The 3 soil types of Jerez
Albariza
barros (brown clay)
arenas (sand)
124
What is Albariza soil
Chalk mixed with some limestone, clay, and sand. Very similar to soil found in Champagne and Chablis
125
What happens at the end of fermentation of the base wine (Sherry)?
The cellar master (capataz) tastes the base wine and decides its stylistic fate
126
flor converts alcohol to ...
acetaldehyde
127
acetaldehyde has flavors of..
nuts and apples
128
Flor also feasts on ....; makes the wine taste fresher and lighter
glycerol
129
What does flor do?
Feeds on alcohol and glycerol and protects wine from oxygen
130
What affect does oxidative aging have?
results in darker wine with nutty aromas
131
Wines destined for biological aging are fortified to ... % ABV
15-15.5% ABV
132
Wines destined for oxidate aging are fortified to ... % ABV
17-18
133
What kind of barrel is used in the Solera system?
used American oak barrels ("Butts")
134
How is amontillado sherry made?
Aged under flor to begin their life. Then fortified a 2nd time to kill the flor and aged oxidatively
135
The richest style of dry Sherry
Oloroso
136
What is "En Rama" Sherry?
En Rama Sherry sees minimal filtering; result is a more complex, slightly hazy Fino
137
t/f: sweet styles of Sherry account for about half of Sherry sales worldwide
true
138
Name the styles of Sweet Sherry
Pale Cream
Medium
Cream
Pedro Ximenez
139
What is Pale Cream Sherry?
Lightly sweet. typically made with fino/manzanilla and sweetened with fortified grape must
140
Medium Sherry typically uses .... as its base
Amontillado
141
Cream Sherry uses ... as its base
Oloroso
142
Which sweet style Sherry uses Amontillado as its base?
Medium
143
VOS and VORS meanings
VOS - made from a solera whose average wine is min. 20 years old
VORS - made from a solera whose average wine is min 30 years old
144
Size of a "butt"
500l or 600l
145
When is Palo Cortado made?
When the richness of a wine aged under flor exceeds expectations, the cellar master may fortify the wine to 17% and begin aging the wine oxidatively
146
The only style of Sherry defined by its taste, not its aging process
Palo Cortado
147
Which grape is most associated with Montilla-Moriles?
Pedro Ximenez
148
The Canary Islands are located off the coast of ...
Morocco
149
Deep volcanic ash pits used to shelter vines from the trade winds in the Canary Islands
hoyos
150
Criolla Chica, Mission, Pais are all synonyms for this grape
Listan Prieto
151
The Canary islands have a .... climate
subtropical
152
Listan Blanco aka
Palomino
153
... is a vine training system in which cordons are braided along the ground
Trenzado
154
Which grape is credited for producing the Canary Islands' best reds?
Listan Negro
155
The Canary Islands are just south of...
Madeira
156
Which two native grapes are grown in the Balearic Islands?
Manta Negro and Callet
157
The tallest mountain in Spain
Mt Teide
158
Number of DOs in the Canary Islands
10
159
The Balearic Islands have _ DOs
2
160
Which Canary Island is home to Mount Teide?
Tenerife
161
the 2 most important Canary Islands
Tenerife
Lanzarote
162
Where is Lanzarote?
Canary Islands
163
The vines of the Canary Islands are largely planted on...
volcanic soil
164
t/f: phylloxera has never affected the Canary Islands
true
165
What are the effects of the phylloxera never taking hold in the Canary Island?
Lots of old vines planted on their own rootstock
166
The .... of Lanzarote are deep volcanic ash pits (protects of the winds)
hoyos
167
These savage winds affect the Canary Islands
vientos alisios (trade winds)
168
The 3 important whtie grapes of the Canary Islands
Listan Blanco
Malvasia
Malvasia Volcanica
169
3 most important red grapes of the Canary Islands
Listan Negro
Listan Prieto
Negramoll
170
The 2 island autonomous communities of Spain
Canary Islands
Balearic Islands
171
in which direction does the Duero river flow
east (towards Portugal)
172
__ DOs in Castilla y Leon
9
173
RbD must contain at least __% tempranillo
75
174
White grapes of Castilla y Leon
Verdejo, Malvasia, Godello
175
Bierzo DO is situated along the ___ River
Sil
176
In Ruedo, Verdejo is often blended with ...
SB
177
Vega Sicilia's flagship wine
Unico
178
In comparison to Rioja, tempranillo finds a .... expression in RdD
darker, firmer
179
RdD is unique for its cultivation of .... grapes
Bordeaux
180
Tempranillo is also known as .... in RdD
tinto fino
tinto del pais
181
t/f: carinena is authorized for RdD production
false
182
This DO is Castilla y Leon is close to Portugal and requires at least 75% tempranillo. whites, rosado, and clarete is also produced
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
183
This DO is Castilla y Leon borders Portugal
Arribes DO
184
Which 2 DOs are located in the mountainous NW of Castilla y Leon
Bierzo DO
Tierra de Leon DO
185
t/f: castilla y leon is spain's largest autonomous community by area
true
186
RdD's top white grape
albillo mayor
187
this grape is sometimes blended in small amounts to red wines in RdD
Albillo Mayor
188
La Mancho DO is know for...
Europe's largest wine region. Mass produced Airen (big chunk for distillation) and basic tempranillo
189
define "vinos de pago"
single estate wine judged to be a top vineyard site
190
Basque Country is home to these 3 DOs
Getariako Txakolina
Bizkaiko Txakolina
Arabako Txakolina
191
Txakoli white wines are made from..
Hondarrabi Zuri
192
Jumilla DO is located within this autonomous community
Murcia
193
t/f: Jumilla's sandy soils resisted phylloxera until the 1980s
true
194
Alicante DO is associated with the cultivation of this grape
Monastrell
195
Monastrell has historically been made into .... within Alicante DO
Fondillon
196
What is Fondillon?
sweet wine made with extremely ripe Monastrell grapes in a Solera system.
197
In what ways is Fondillon different than Sherry?
Fondillon is not fortified and does carry oak flavor
198
Alicante DO is located within which AC
Valencia
199
Basque Country is also know for..
Ciders
200
What does Loureira bring to a blend?
acidity + lower alcohol
201
This region produces Vino Tostado, a dried grape wine
Ribeiro DO
202
Which grapes are sometimes blended with Verdejo in Rueda DO?
SB and Macabeo
203
Graciano adds what to the structue of Rioja?
Aciditiy
204
Ribeira Sacra DO is located along these two rivers
Sil + Mino
205
t/f: grapes for Caba de Paraje must be organically farmed
FALSE
206
Rioja Alavesa is located in which autonomous community
Basque Country
