Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rest Of The World > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

1
Q

Vineyard management in spain

A

Low density planting - 1k per hectare as low rainfall
Irrigation allowed but diff rules in the regions
Old bush vines - low yields
Small holdings so mechanisation limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Contolling legislative body

A

Conserjo regulador

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Climate in NW spain

A

Moderate maritime - Atlantic influence, high rainfall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Climate in N spain

A

Continental

Mountains give shelter from Atlantic influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Climate ne spain

A

Mediterranean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the main hazards in growing grapes in Spain

A 
Grape moths - pheromone traps
Heat
Lack of water - not NE
Spring frosts - continental areas
Heavy storms in growing season with sharp increase in temp - increases mildew risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the recent popularity of Tempranillo thought to be closely associated with

A

Growth of Spainish wines internationally

Consumer association of Tempranillo with Rioja (leading wine region)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Characteristics of Tempranillo grape

A

M- H yields depending on site
Early ripening so best where cooling influence
Thick skinned
M acidity- best diurnal range so can ripen & retain acidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wine making for youthful fruity red, white and rose styles in general in spain

A

Protective
Fermented stainless steel temp controlled inert gas
Cultured yeasts
Fining &/or filteration

Some inexpensive to mid priced reds may have carbonic/semi carbonic to enhance fruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Wine making premium red & ehite wines in general in spain

A

Temp controlled
Stainless steel fermentation- some use concrete tanks/eggs
Oak common mid priced & red wines
Top whites generally fermented & matured in oak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Minimum ageing and time spent in barrel for criantha red & white rioja

A

Red
24m ageing
12m oak (6m national nth)

White/rose
24m ageing (18m natiomal nth)
6m barrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Min ageing and time in barrel Reserva Rioja

A

Red
36m ageing
12m oak
6m bottle (n/a for national nth)

White/rose
24 ageing
6 barrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Min ageing and time doent in barrel gran reserva

A

Red
60m ageing
24m oak (18m national nth)
2 in bottle (n/a national)

White/rose
48 ageing
6 barrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What term means no ageing requirement in spain

A

Generic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does legislation specify about osk vessels

A

Max size
225l barrique Rioja
330l general

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why have the minimum ageing requirements been criticised

A

Suggests quality hierarchy but not necessary appropriate some styles and misleading for some wines
No quality requirements specified- age or oak origin
Provides little indication of style, quality for customer
No vineyard or winery practices specified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Regions ageing requirements commonly used

A

Rioja

Navarra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name a region ageing requirement not really used

A

Priorat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Rose wines in spain are mainly

A

Inexpensive Bulk wines
Classically deep in colour
Some pale provence style

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Rose wine making Spain

A

Fermented stainless steel
Bottled soon after

More expensive maybe fermented and matured oak or stored on lees

Traditional style done by a few producers:
Black & white grapes
Macerated
Pressed 
Fermented together
Aged long time in oak
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the spanish term for pdo

A

DO denomination de origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the Spanish term for pgi

A

VT Vino de la Tierra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is VP Vino de pago

A

Category applies to small number of single estates with high reputations
Majority in castilla la mancha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which 2 wine regions have staus DOCa - denomination de origin califocada

A

Rioja

Priorat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Bottling within region specified for DOCa & most DOs. name a DO which doesn’t have to bottle in region

A

La mancha - allows to be bulk shipped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Route to market spanish wines

A

Co-ops

Negociants common some regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Spains is the largest exporter of wine but average prices is one of the lowest why

A

Large amount of inexpensive wine

Largest export of bulk wines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Main export markets spain

A

France
Germany

Beliw less volume but imp for higher priced wines
Uk
Usa
China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Climaye rias baixas

A

Maritime
High annual rainfall
Fungal disease risk
Rain @ harvest risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Soils rias baixas

A

Free draining

Sand over granite rock bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Characteristics Albariño grape

A

Thick skin- less prone to rot

Early to mid ripening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Style Albariño

A 
H acidity 
M abv
M- to m body
Apple lemon grapefruit peach
Good to v good
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Viticulture rias baixas

A

Pergola granite supports - humid, air circulation, decrease fungal risk
Vsp trellissing - bigger growers for mechanisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Wine making rias baixas

A

Protective
Maybe macerated few hours to enhance flavour & add texture
Cool fermentation stainless steel
Mlf - sometimes partial mlf to reduce malic acid in cool yrs
Inexpensive released early
More expensive lees ageing 1-2 yes not stirred (do aboids O2)
Some ferment oak to old add texture & new for toast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Market rias baixas

A

Domestic (75%)
Usa
Uk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Galician wine regions with a continental climate

A 
Ribeira Sacra DO
Monterrel DO (mencia & godello)
Ribeiro DO (local grapes)
Valdeorras DO godello

General rule &/or godello, mencia grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Style mencia

A 
Red cherry, raspberry 
M tannins
M body
M+ acidity 
Mid priced
Early drinking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Where is the commune castilla y leon

A 
N spain
Includes:
ribera del duero do
Rueda do
Toro do
Bierzo do
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Climate bierzo do

A

Moderate Continental

Some maritime influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Soils & wine type on flat plains bierzo do

A

Fertile silty loam - high yields
In expensive to mid priced
Early drinking style

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Best vineyards bierzo do

A

Slopes - gd drainage, dirunal range, poor slate soil limits vigour
Old vines - lower yields (usually bush trained)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Main grape bierzo do

A

Mencia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Price & wuality wine from bierzo do

A

Mid to premium
V good to outstanding
Usually oaked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Main grape variety Toro do

A

Tinta de toro

Like Ribera del duero climate and wines
red grape like tempranillo but thicker skins so more colour & tannin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Climate toro do

A

Continental
Altitude
Risk spring frosts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Viticulture toro do

A

Limited water - low density planting
Bush vines
Sandy soul so many ungrafted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Winemaking toro do

A

Inexpensive to mid - early drinking, piss carbonic maceration

Premium + oak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Ribera del duero do had an increase in popularity in 80’s why and what are the potential issues

A

Near Madrid popular fine wine drinkers
International acclaim
Danger of quality of production decreasing with new winery finding feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Mkt riberia del duero do

A

Domestic 80%
Swiss
Mexico
Usa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Climate Ribera del duero do

A

Continental warm
Altitude & aspects
Risk frost soring & autumn - heaters, sprinklers, helicopter
Low rainfall - irrigation permitted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Vine training ribera del duero do

A

50:50 bush vine & trellis newer vineyards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Style ribera del duero do red

A 
F body
H abv
Blackberry, plum, vanilla, chocolate 
Good to outstanding 
Mid to premium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Climate rueda do

A

Continental
Altitude - diurnal range
Low fertility, free draining soil - (limestone, Sandy clay, stoney soil)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Main grapes rueda do

A

Verdejo

Sauvignon Blanc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Style verdejo

A

M to m+ acit
M abv
Apple peach fennel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Viticulture rueda do

A

Vsp trellised - harvest @ night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Wine making rueda do

A 
Protective
Cool temp
Cultured yeast
Mid priced have lees ageing 
Mlf avoided
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Mkt rueda do

A

Mostly domestic
Netherlands
Germany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Who uses castilla y leon vt

A

Producers outside do boundaries

Producers in do boundaries making style or grape varieties not permitted in do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Plantings for castilla y leon vt

A

Low most wine is do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Climate rioja

A

continental with maritime influence
Seirra de cantabria mountains in N protect from Atlantic weather
Mountains in S shelter from warmer weather centre of country
Risk climate change - drought

62
Q

What are the 3 zones in Rioja

A

Rioja alta
Rioja oriental
Rioja alavesa

63
Q

Why have some peeps suggested re-mapping & naming rioja zones

A

Topography snd soils eithin zones v diff

64
Q

Rioja alta area

A

Largest area
Some maritime influence
Around ebro - low altitude, alluvial soil, warm
NW- cooler wetter calcareous clay soil
S - altitude, cool & wet, ferrous clay patches

65
Q

Rioja alaresa area

A

Cool, wet, calcareous clay soil

Like NW alta

66
Q

Rioja oriental area

A

N around ebro - low altitude, warm, driest rioja area

S - altitude m, calcareous clay & ferrous clay soil

67
Q

Climate change rioja

A

Altitudes more viable as previously would have struggled to ripen
Low altitude rioja oriental most at risk ss warm & already suffers drought

68
Q

Vine training in rioja

A

Trellised with vsp for mechanisation

Old bush vines

69
Q

In rioja oriental what have quality producers started doing

A

Replanting grenache - better suited to drought conditions than early ripening tempranillo
(Other rioja regions cooling influence so suited to tempranillo)

70
Q

What does Tempranillo add to rioja

A

Black plum raspberry

M to m+ tannins & acidity

71
Q

What is Grenache known as in Spain

A

Garnacha

72
Q

What does grenache add to blends

A

Ripe strawberry
Lower tannins
Full body

73
Q

What does graciano add to blends

A

H tannins & acidity

Fresh black fruit flavours

74
Q

Characteristics graciano

A

Late ripening
Drought resistant
Small yields
Susceptible fungal disease

75
Q

What is macabeo known as in rioja

A

Viura

76
Q

Characteristics viura/macabeo

A

Late budding
Late ripening
Susceptible botrytis- best warm sites
Neutral - range of styles

77
Q

Styles of viura

A

High yields - early drinking , simple

Low yields & oak - complex with long ageing ability

78
Q

General wine style trends in rioja red

A

Highlight characteristics & quality grape
Harvest dates often earlier
Gentle extraction
Old or larger oak or concreete or amphora
Shorter maceration
French oak more common

79
Q

Are diff grape varieties and diff Rioja zones blended

A

Yes - lots if co-ops & small growers
Grenache best oriental
Tempranillo alto & alavesa
Some si gle vineyards made - LAN

80
Q

Style inexpensive white rioja

A 
Simple
Unoaked
Early drinking
Protective wine making cool temps
Acceptable to good
M acidity
81
Q

Style mid priced to premium white rioja

A 
Oaked
Lower yields- more concentration & body
M + body & acidity 
Citrus, smoke, nuts
Good to v good
82
Q

Oxidative clasdic style white rioja

A

Outstanding
H acidity
Nuts, honey, dried fruit
Super premium

83
Q

Regulator body spain

A

Conserjo regulador there is a governing body in each region

84
Q

What new terms can be added to rioja labels from 2018

A

Vino de zona
Vino de municipio
Single vineyard

85
Q

What is vino de zona

A

85% grapes sourced ftom single zone e.g rioja alto
15% can come from outside zone if been doing 10 years
Vinified, bottled, ageing all in zone

86
Q

What is vino de muncipio

A

Grapes sourced muncipio (village, or group of villages)
Same 15% rule as vino de zona
Vinification, bottling, ageing all in muncipio

87
Q

What is single vineyard Rioja

A 
Grapes sourced one of the formal named vineyards/estates
Vinifier, bottled, aged same winery
Vineyard min 35 years old
Producer owned 10 years min
Hand harvested
Sustainable practices
Wine authorised by a panel
88
Q

Vineyard holdings in rioja are mostly ….

A

Small vineyard plots

89
Q

Route to market rioja

A

Co- ops to merchants

Or co-ops for own brand

90
Q

Mkt rioja

A 
Domestic 63% (mainly criantha)
Export more gran & reserva
Uk
Germany
Us
91
Q

Why is there good value inexpensive rioja

A

Land cheap

Grape prices cheap in warm/flatter areas

92
Q

Do Rioja wines sell at prestigious italy & french prices

A

No there are few super premium wines

93
Q

What message does the conserjo regulador highlight in local mkts for rioja

A

Value for money

Diversity

94
Q

Which wine region is navarra nxt to

A

Rioja - is NE of it

95
Q

Main grape varieties navarra

A 
Tempranillo - varietal
Cab sav - blend
Merlot - blend
Garnacha - historically most planted
Chardonnay
96
Q

Styles of red wine navarra

A

Fruity light bodied early drinking

Fuller bodied, concentrated oaked wines (french & american)
Good to v good
Inexpensive to mid

97
Q

What do critics argue about Navarra’s diversity

A

Focus single signature variety

Old vine granache highest potential

98
Q

Navarra rose grapes

A

Garnacha

S/times blended with tempranillo, cab sav or merlo

99
Q

Navarra rose style

A

Deep coloured

Dry

100
Q

Navarra rose winemaking

A 
Picked early - higher acidity 
Short maceration on skins (direct press not allowed)
3-4 hour for pale, 6-12 deeper coloured
Stainless steel ferment
Bottled soon after so fresh
Some use oak
101
Q

NTH What are the 4 principal do’s in aragon ne Spain

A

Carinena do *
Campi de borja do
Calatayud do *
Somontano do

102
Q

Climate aragon

A

Warm continental
Vineyards altitude & high plateaus - diurnal range
Cold wind - moderates temp, slows ripening
Risk spring frost
Low rainfall
Low disease pressure

103
Q

Msin grape varieties aragon ex somontano do

A

Grenache

104
Q

Viticulture aragon ex somontano do

A

Bush vines
Low density planting
Rocky soil

105
Q

Majority of wine in aragon ex somontano do

A

High volume inexpensive red
Early drinking

Nth Some old vine Grenache and Carignan premium

106
Q

What is helping to transform aragons ex somontano image

A

Quality focused old vine garnacha producers

Mid to premium priced lightly Oaked

107
Q

NTH Main grape varieties somontano do in aragon

A

Cab sav

Chardonnay

108
Q

NTH Styke & price somontano do aragon

A

Mid priced

Good to v good

109
Q

Issue for somontano do wines

A

Competition larger better known regions around the world for these grapes

110
Q

Main do’s in catalunya

A 
Catalunya do
Penedes do
Priorat doq
Montsant do
Costers del segre do
111
Q

Who uses Catalynya do and what are the requirements

A

Used by large producers for inexpensive & mid priced wines
Grapes anywhere in region
More grape varieties permitted
Widely recognised in export mkts

112
Q

Penedes do climate

A 
Warm Mediterranean 
Varying altitudes:
Flatter & warmer nearer the sea
Inland flat plains altotude cooling influence 
Inland cooler mountains altitude
113
Q

Grape variety penedes

A 
Xarel lo
Macabeo
(Cava area)
Chardonnay 
Merlot
114
Q

Climate in priorat

A 
Warm continental 
Mountains in N protect from cool wind
Mountains S protect Mediterranean sea
Risk spring frost
Dry - irrigation permitted in driest yrs
Altitude - diurnal range
115
Q

Viticulture priorat

A

By hand - steep slopes - increases costs
Old vineyards - low density bush vines
New vineyards - vsp trellised where can

116
Q

Soils priorat

A

V poor & stoney, low nutrients
Slate based (llicorella, red slate over schist, reflects light & heat)
Roots can grow deep

117
Q

Where are the vineyards in priorat

A

Steep slopes

Ir narrow terraces - reduce erosion & rain soaks in better

118
Q

Max yields priorat

A

Low (39)

Can be 5-6 crazy low

119
Q

Main grapes priorat

A

Grenache
Carignan
International

120
Q

Red wine making priorat doq

A

Traditional
Old basket press, large oak fermentation vats

Modern
Optical sorting, stainless steel

Cultured yeasts - high potential abv so can be diff if ambient
Matured french oak 1-2 years

Min 13.5% abv

121
Q

4 classifications in priorat what are they

A

Vi de vila - subzone
Vi de paratge - lieu dit, named site
Vinya classificado - cru equivalent vineyard site
Gran vinya classificado - grand cru equivalent vineyard

122
Q

to qualify for priorat classification what criteria expected of producer

A

Own vineyard or rented 7+ years

123
Q

NTH Which area is montsant do similar to

A

Priorat but flatter & higher yields
Warmer as closer to coast - warm Mediterranean
(Ring around priorat)

124
Q

NTH Costers del segre do climate & grapes

A

Catalunya inland
Warm continental
Irrigation required - low rainfall & sandy soil
Cava & international grapes

125
Q

Valencia do climate

A

Warm Mediterranean
Cooling influence- altitude & coast
Low rainfall - irritation

126
Q

wine style Valencia do

A 
Fruity
Early drinking
Inexpensive 
Acceptable to good
Co-op wines

Monastrall
Tempranillo
Cab sav
Red & rose

White local variety & macabeo

127
Q

NTH Main grape variety in utiel-requena do

A

Bobal

128
Q

Characteristics bobal grape

A 
Mid to late budding (avoids spring frost)
V drought tolerant
Retains acidity 
Can ripen unevenly- grippy tannins
Vigorous 
High yields
129
Q

NTH Utiel requena do climate

A

Continental- hot summer cold winter
Low rainfall
Altitude- cooling influence but spring frosts

130
Q

Bobal style

A

Semi carbonic - l body, m tannins

Concentrated
M+ tannins
M+ to f body
H acidity 
Blackberry cherry chocolate
Acceptable to good
Inexpensive to mid
131
Q

NTH Climate alicante do

A

Warm Mediterranean

V low rainfall

132
Q

Main grape alicante do & viticulture

A

Monastrall (mouvedre)

Low density bush vines

133
Q

What is the grape in the historic medium sweet red wine in alicante do

A

Late harvest monastrell

Fondillon

134
Q

Jumilla do climate

A

Warm continental
Altitude- diural range
Low rainfall - irrigation NOT widely practised
Sandy limestone soil - good. Water retei

135
Q

Main grape jumilla do

A

Monastrell

136
Q

What led to the quality increase in the 80’s in jumilla

A

Vineyards replanted higher quality & disease free monastrall clones
Vineyard mgmt - earlier harvest
Improved wine making - cooler temps

137
Q

What is the main generic style of jumilla do

A

Red inexpensive high volume
F body
H abv
Ripe black fruits

138
Q

Yecla do is similar to which area

A

Jumilla do

But slight cooler due to Mediterranean sea

139
Q

Wine price & quality yecla do

A

Inexpensive to mid

Good to v good

140
Q

Climate la mancha

A

Extreme Hot continental (+45 to -20c)
Low rainfall- irrigation
Flat plain at altitude 500m

141
Q

Viticulture la mancha do

A

Limestone & chalk soil
Bush trained low density no irrigation (1k per hectare)
Trellised & irrigated (3k per hectare, still low)

142
Q

Main grapes la mancha do

A

White - airen / brandy

Red Tempranillo- fruity light oak

143
Q

Market la mancha

A

Domestic

China

144
Q

Areas under castilla la mancha

A

La mancha do
Vino de pago
Valdepenas do
Castilla vt

145
Q

NTH In basque county, txakoli do climate

A

Moderate maritime
High rainfall- Canopy aeration imp to reduce fungal risk
(N Spain above Rioja)

146
Q

NTH Main grape variety basque county/txakoli do

A

Local - hondarrabi zuri

147
Q

NTH Style hondarrabi zuri in basque county/txskali do

A

H acidity
L abv
Apple pear lemon
M - body

148
Q

NTH Sierra de gredos wines

A

Inexpensive high volume
Dome old vine Grenache st altitude, low intervention style
Not a pdo

149
Q

Valdepenas climate like which region

A

La Mancha

150
Q

Valdepenas main grate and style

A

Tempranillo
Good quality
Inexpensive to mid priced
Ripe red fruits, oak spice

Rest Of The World (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions