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California Flashcards

1
Q

What factors effect the climate in California

A

Pacific Ocean - foggy pm, wind reduce fungal diseases
Diurnal range - slows ripening, acidity
Gaps in mountains range fog inland
California current - upwelling m low autumn rain - harvest later

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2
Q

Hazards growing grapes

A 
Drought - irrigation 
Wild fires
Spring frosts - sprinklers 
Wind
Pierces disease
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3
Q

Main black grapes varieties

A

Cab sav
Zinfandel
Merlot
P noir

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4
Q

Main white grapes

A

Chardonnay

Sav blanc

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5
Q

P noir winemaking trend

A

Harvest early
Whole bunch fermentation
Or some stems - tannins, aromas, complexity

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6
Q

Viticulture cab sav

A

Green harvest

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7
Q

Where is Chardonnay grown

A

Napa
Russian river valley
Low Carneros
Central Valley m

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8
Q

Where is cab sav grown

A

Napa

Central Valley

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9
Q

Style of cab sav from California

A

F body
Concentrated cassis
Spice new oak

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10
Q

Characteristics Zinfandel

A

Ripens unevenly

Ripens early

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11
Q

Style Zinfandel

A 
Premium M+ acidity
H abv
M to f body
Ripe m+ tannins
Raspberry blueberry blackberry 
Fresh and dried
American oak - vanilla

Inexpensive soft ripe jammy staves for oak flavours

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12
Q

Style of Zinfandel

A

Red and black fruits
Dried berries
F body h abv

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13
Q

Style merlot napa & sonoma

A

Soft velvet tannins
H abv
F body m
Plum blackberry

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14
Q

Where is merlot grown

A

Premium- Napa, sonoma, Santa Maria

Inexpensive- central valley

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15
Q

Which regions are know on for p noir

A

Russian river valley
Santa Maria
Low Carneros

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16
Q

Style of p noir California

A

Ripe red fruits

Sweet spuce

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17
Q

Most planted grape

A

Chardonnay

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18
Q

Style Chardonnay Central Valley

A 
Inexpensive 
Residual sugar
Fruity
M acidity 
Poss toast - staves
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19
Q

Style napa Chardonnay

A 
M to f body
H abv 
M acidity 
Oak hazelnut butter
Tropical stone

Recently less oak fresher & leaner

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20
Q

Coombville abs napa is where

A

Valley floor n napa just above los Carneros
Higher acidity area

Oakville same as above too

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21
Q

Which areas produce more restrained premium Chardonnay

A

Russian river valley

Los Carneros

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22
Q

Which areas produce best sav Blanc

A

Coastal

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23
Q

What are the 3 regions in California that contain the most well known Ava’s

A

North coast
Central coast
Central valley

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24
Q

Which Ava’s in napa are on the valley floor

A 
Los Carneros - Pinot chard
Stags leap - prem cab sav
Oakville - prem cab sav
Rutherford- prem cab sav 
Saint Helena - diurnal range cab sav
Calistoga - diurnal range cool air
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25
Q

Ava’s in napa on valley sides

A 
Howell mountain 
Mount veeder
Altitude not fog cooling influence 
W facing warmer than e
Cab sav h abv but less rich
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26
Q

Which counties sit under north coast

A

Napa
Sonoma
Mendocino

27
Q

Geographical features napa

A

San Pablo bay fog

Mayacamas mountains on west

28
Q

Los Carneros Ava in napa is the most southerly vineyard which grapes are grown and why

A

Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Cooler

29
Q

Premium cab sav is renowned in which napa Ava’s

A

Stags leap district
Oakville
Rutherford

30
Q

Which Ava considered to have most powerful and structured cab sav in napa

A

Rutherford

Warmest during day least ocean influence

31
Q

Which Ava’s in napa receive the warmest day time temps and which grapes grown

A

Saint Helena
Calistoga - pacific breeze cooling factor from mountain gap
Cab sav main grape
Some Zinfandel & Syrah

32
Q

Which 2 Ava’s in napa on valley sides cooled by altitude

A

Howell mountain

Mount veeder

33
Q

Style of wines valley sides napa

A

F body
H abv
Higher tannins
Less rich

34
Q

Climate & grapes Russian river valley in sonoma county

A

Cool
Foggy
Breaks in coastal range
Elegant h quality Pinot & Chardonnay

35
Q

Which variety is Alexander valley ava known for in sonoma

A

Cab sav

Altitude & w/sw aspect give lots of sunshine - colour tannins & acidity altitude

36
Q

Which black & white variety is dry valley creek known for in sonoma county

A

Old vine Zinfandel- black fruits
Sauvignon Blanc
Rhône varies & cab sav

37
Q

In sonoma coast Ava how are vineyards often planted to mitigate cold Pacific Ocean influence

A

S facing slopes

38
Q

Dry valley creek topography

A 
W facing slopes
Riper 
Jammier
Dried fruits
Warmer

E facibg slooes
Fresher

39
Q

Dry valley creek climate mitigating factors

A

San Pablo bay breeze & fog

40
Q

Most well known abs in Mendocino county

A

Anderson valley
N California
Ocean influence - cool
Riesling & gewurtz

41
Q

What grape is Mendocino Ava known for

A

Cab sav

42
Q

Central Valley climate

A

Hot Mediterranean
Dry - irrigation
No ocean influence
Fertile soil

43
Q

Most famous Ava in Central Valley & grape variety

A

Lodi

Zinfandel

44
Q

Style Lodi Zinfandel

A

M to f bodm to m+ acidity
Ripe tannins
Cherry blueberry blackberry

45
Q

Climate features Lodi

A 
Hot Mediterranean 
Cool breezes San Francisco Bay - low disease pressure
Low rainfall- irrigation 
Sandy soil 
Vsp trellised & cordon or old bush vines
46
Q

Most famous ava in Santa Barbera county and which grapes known for

A

Santa Maria valley

Prem Pinot & Chardonnay (abc)

47
Q

Santa Maria valley Ava climate

A

Cooler
Low lying fog covers vineyards- slows ripening
Diurnal range

48
Q

Santa ynez valley Ava in Santa Barbara county us known for which grape varieties

A

Syrah
Bordeaux blends
Warmer in inland areas

49
Q

Sta Rita hills ava a sub ava of Santa ynez valley is known for which variety

A 
Premium Pinot 
First area to get fog & breeze
M+ to h acidity 
M+ tannins 
Tea leaves black fruits savoury
50
Q

Which is the most well known ava in San Luis Obispo region

A

Paso Robles ava

51
Q

Climate abs wine style paso Robles

A

E hot, fertile- fruity , high volume, f body ripe wines

W marine air - high quality Zinfandel & Rhône varieties, higher acidity

52
Q

Santa Cruz mountains in central coast climate

A

Moderate
Hills
Infertile soil

53
Q

What grapes are grown in Santa Cruz ava in central coast

A

Cab sav - elegant
Pinot
Chardonnay

54
Q

What grapes is Monterey ava in central coast known for

A

By coast - Chardonnay & Pinot

Inland - Syrah, merlot cab sav where less windy

55
Q

Climate Monterey

A

Ocean influence

Strong winds

56
Q

Largest producing region in USA

A

California > 80%

57
Q

Key influence in California

A

Judgement of paris

58
Q

Min % of grape variety on label or county

A

75 but 85% if ava named

59
Q

Min % if vintage or vineyard mentioned

A

95

60
Q

V few estate wineries in California true or false

A

True

61
Q

Wine business

A

Merchants buy grapes or grower merchants

62
Q

What is typical of the number of growers in California

A

Lots of them- price S&d based

63
Q

How do wineries react to consumer demand changes

A

Head graft

64
Q

Wines sold

A

Cellar door

Clubs

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