New Zealand

Question 1

Climate

Answer 1

Maritime
S island - mountains to w protect w wind & excess rain from Tasman sea, drier & less fungal disease pressure v north island
N island - warmer
Long sunshine hoursSea breeze cooling influence
Risk rain at ripening
Cool Pacific Ocean moderates temp
Diurnal range

Question 2

S Blanc aromas n island

Answer 2

Tropical

Question 3

S Blanc aromas s island

Answer 3

Gooseberry green bell pepper

Question 4

Why are differing styles increasingly found for Sauvignon blanc

Answer 4

No gi specific wine regulations

Question 5

Main grape varieties

Answer 5

S Blanc >60%
P noir 15
Chardonnay <10
P gris

Question 6

Chardonnay style

Answer 6

Tropical

Oak sweet spice toast

Question 7

Viticulture in NZ

Answer 7

Double guyot trellised vsp
Trained high - long sunshine hours don’t need reflected heat from ground
Sunburn - leaf positioning, high uv levels
Low density 2 -2.5k
Mechanisation
H yields 70 - fertile soil & sufficient water
Canopy mgmt for quality - vigerous growth from soil, water, sun
Risk fungal
Birds - netting, scarers
Tropical cyclones can b issue fruit set & harvest

Question 8

Climate n island

Answer 8

Moderate maritime except wairapa is cool maritime

Question 9

Style Chardonnay gusbourne

Answer 9

Inexpensive simple & fruity

To premium f body outstanding creamy, ripe fruit, barrel fermented

Question 10

Style Pinot gris

Answer 10

Inexpensive simple to premium lees stirring

Question 11

Gusbourne grape varieties

Answer 11

Chardonnay > 50

P gris

Question 12

Viticulture gusbourne

Answer 12

Devigorating rootstock - sufficient water, fertile soil, to reduce excess growth
Canopy mgmt- reduce excess growth
Rain @ harvest - picking key to reduce rot

Question 13

Which areas are in north island

Answer 13

Auckland 
Greater Auckland 
Gusbourne 
Hawkes bay
Wairapa

Question 14

Climate Hawkes bay

Answer 14

Moderate maritime - like Bordeaux
Warmest area
Altitude cooling

Question 15

Hawkes bay similar to which other wine region down to soil

Answer 15

Bordeaux medoc gravel alluvy

Question 16

Which 2 areas in Hawkes bay have high reputation for red wine

Answer 16

Gimblett gravel - irrigation required as free drain soil
Bridge pa - clay loam doesn’t need irrigation
Frost can issue for both areas

Question 17

Syrah Hawkes bay

Answer 17

Concentrated blackberry pepper
M+ acidity
Barriques

Question 18

Grape variety Hawkes bay

Answer 18

Bordeaux blend - merlot, cab sav
Syrah
Chardonnay
Malbec

Question 19

Why is merlot mainly grown Hawkes bay v cab sav

Answer 19

Cab sav struggle to ripen cool years

Question 20

Merlot style Hawkes bay

Answer 20

Simple inexpensive to outstanding premium with barriques

Question 21

Chardonnay style Hawkes bay

Answer 21

Simple inexpensive to premium stone fruits grapefruit, m acidity, fb, struck match, gd to outstanding

Question 22

Most famous area of wairapa

Answer 22

Martinborough

Question 23

Style wairapa p noir

Answer 23

V gd to outstanding 
M+ acidity 
Red cherry, blk plum
M to m+ tannins 
Concentrated 
Maturation barriques

Question 24

Grape variety wairarapa known for

Answer 24

P noir - elegant & perfumes

S Blanc not too herbaceous

Question 25

Why does wairarapa p noir have more fine grain tannins than elsewhere

Answer 25

Small grapes thick skins

Question 26

Soil wairapa

Answer 26

Alluvial gravel and silt- silt = cooling slowing ripening

Question 27

Climates wairapa

Answer 27

Cool maritime Large diurnal rang - retains acidity, slows ripening Low yields if strong winds during flowering & fruit set

Question 28

S Blanc wairarapa

Answer 28

Premium V good to outstanding More restrained herbaceous & fruit notes Some premium wild yeast, lees , partial barrel fermentation

Question 29

Grape varieties Marlborough

Answer 29

S Blanc Chardonnay P noir

Question 30

Is irrigation used in Marlborough

Answer 30

Yes due to free draining soil- alluvial

Question 31

Why is mechanisation commonly used in Marlborough

Answer 31

Flat land Flavour precursors for passion fruit & green bell pepper higher with mechanisation (+5 time) due to short skin maceration that occurs from picking to transportation

Question 32

2 estuary valleys in Marlborough

Answer 32

Wairau | Awatere

Question 33

Climate wairau valley Marlborough

Answer 33

Like Martinborough long sunny days | Diff aspects and altitudes give range for producers to work with

Question 34

Climate awatere valley in Marlborough

Answer 34

Drier cooler windier

Question 35

Awatare Sauvignon Blanc style

Answer 35

More herbaceous | Drier cooler windier

Question 36

Grape varieties nelson

Answer 36

S Blanc P noir P gris

Question 37

Regions s island

Answer 37

Marlborough Nelson Canterbury Central otago

Question 38

2 viticulture area Canterbury

Answer 38

Plain round Christchurch | Waipara valley

Question 39

Climate Canterbury

Answer 39

Plain - cooling influence pacific, slightly warming from nw wind Wairapa- hills protect ocean influence, warming nw wind

Question 40

Grape varieties Canterbury

Answer 40

S Blanc | P noir

Question 41

Climate central otago

Answer 41

Continental Frost risk - spring summer H sunlight intensity- h abv Sheltered maritime influence by mountains all sides

Question 42

Grape variety central otago

Answer 42

P noir f body

Question 43

Winemaking s Blanc

Answer 43

``` Protective - stainless steel Yeast cultured selected to increase aromatics Low fermentation temps - fruit Mlf avoided - fruity, h acidity Minimal ageing - stainless steel, fruity Ascorbic acid & so2 bottling so fresh Bottles screw cap- fresh ```

Question 44

Pronounced s Blanc in vineyard

Answer 44

Canopy mgmt - ripe fruit, h sunshine, water High diurnal range - long growing season, intense aromas, h acidity Row orientation- shady more herbaceous, sunny more ripe & tropical Early picking if want herbaceous Mechanisation so skin contact & more herbaceous

Question 45

What different wine techniques are white wine producers experimenting with for premium small volume wines

Answer 45

Skin contact - texture & aroma Ambient yeast - complexity Oak ageing High solids fermentation

Question 46

Are there strict appellation laws

Answer 46

No growers can plant where like

Question 47

Geographical indicators established in 2017 what does it register

Answer 47

Names such as Marlborough

Question 48

Red wine making high volume fruity

Answer 48

Mid range temp Cultured yeast Neutral vessels

Question 49

Premium wine making - p noir & Syrah

Answer 49

S/times whole bunch fermentation- herbal floral Cold maceration/ colour & aromas p noir Matured barriques (Bordeaux varieties) or large oak ( p noir)

Question 50

Sweet wine

Answer 50

Botrytis Semillon & Riesling but also late harvest | Fermentation- so2 stopped & filtered or natural

Question 51

Wine business

Answer 51

``` Supermarkets, hospitality Export 5/6 USA Uk Australia ```

Question 52

Why is bulk shipping important

Answer 52

1/3 of all sales | Trend in market bottling

Question 53

What do New Zealand wine do

Answer 53

Marketing of nz wines Use of influences Promotion sommelier

Question 54

Climate s island

Answer 54

Cool maritime except central otago - more continental

Question 55

Latitude

Answer 55

36to 46