Germany

Question 1

Soil in Germany

Answer 1

Mosel = Dark slate- retains heat during day & radiates

Calcareous pockets = baden, pfalz, rhienhessen, planted Pinot noir, blanc & Chardonnay

Question 2

Which Type of wine dominates Germany domestic mkt

Answer 2

Bulk wines

Question 3

Yields Germany

Answer 3

High circa 100hl/ha

Question 4

Climate Germany

Answer 4

Cool continental
Baden warmer & drier
Dry & long autumn = late harvest

Question 5

Viticulture risks Germany

Answer 5

Spring frosts - rivers & slopes

Rainfall summer - fungus disease, dilution - spraying (helicopter Mosel)

Question 6

Where are sweet wines made

Answer 6

All regions

Question 7

Where are the best sites

Answer 7

Steep stoney soils
S facing- max heat & sunlight
Risk soil erosion

Question 8

What is the benefit for vineyards near the river

Answer 8

Reflected sunlight - ripening
Air movement from water helps protect from frost
Extends growing season

Question 9

Viticulture Germany for slopes

Answer 9

Vibes head pruned

Individually staked- max sunlight & air circulation

Question 10

How are grapes classified and what are the 4 quality levels

Answer 10

Must weight
Deutscher wein
Landwein
Qualitatswein
Pradikatswein

Question 11

What are the 2 main pdo levels

Answer 11

Qualitatswein - dedicated region, all styles, mostly everyday wines, volume

Pradikatswein - pdo stringent regulations, no enrichment, Riesling

Question 12

What is deutscher wine

Answer 12

Inexpensive
Drunk young
From anywhere in Germany

Question 13

What is landwein

Answer 13

Pgi equivalent
Dry or off dry
From landwein named region

Question 14

What are 6 pradikat levels from dry to sweet

Answer 14

Kabinet
Spatlese
Auslese
Beernhauslese
Eiswein
Trokenbeernauslese

Question 15

How has fruit ripeness improved in Germany

Answer 15

Climate change
Summer pruning 
Better clone selection 
Green harvesting 
Hand harvesting

Question 16

Why is good canopy mgmt important in Germany

Answer 16

Reduce fungal disease pressure (aeration)

Max sun exposure - grapes fully ripe

Question 17

Viticulture Germany

Answer 17

Single & double guyot vsp trellised

Pendlebogen - replacement can arch - improves sap flow so higher yields

Question 18

Style of kabinet

Answer 18

Dry to medium sweet (dry 12, sweet 8-9)
L to m abv
Delicate l body
H acidity 
Green fruits citrus

Question 19

Style Spatlese

Answer 19

Dry to med sweet
More body, abv, riper & concentration v kabinett

Grapes fully ripe picked 2 was later than kabinett

Question 20

Style auslese

Answer 20

Can be dry but usually sweeter
Extra ripe grapes
Richer, riper
Poss noble rot flavour 
Honey

Question 21

Does BA need to be botrytis grapes

Answer 21

No but usually are

Question 22

Which pradikat level is noble rot grapes required

Answer 22

Tba

Question 23

Style tba & ba

Answer 23

Sweet
L abv
Honey, dried fruits, candid peel, floral

Question 24

Is harvest by hand or mechanised

Answer 24

Both
Inexpensive mechanised
Ba & tba have to be hand harvested
Pradikats usually hand harvested

Question 25

Riesling characteristics

Answer 25

``` Late budding Thick wood - frost resistant Late ripening- needs sun & autumn Susceptible botrytis Retains acidity Can produce naturally h sugar levels ```

Question 26

Main grape varieties

Answer 26

Riesling Muller thurgau Spatburgundee Dornfelder

Question 27

How is Eiswein made

Answer 27

``` Frozen berries pressed Healthy grapes so no off flavour Berries must be frozen and not artificially so must be -7 c max to pick Small amount concentrated juice released Premium ```

Question 28

What does halbtroken mean

Answer 28

Off dry

Question 29

NTH what does einzellagen & grosslargen which can be used for Qualitatswein & pradikatswein mean

Answer 29

Single vineyard & collective vineyard respectively

Question 30

NTH issues with einzellagen & grosslagen terms

Answer 30

Difficult to tell quality

Question 31

What does vdp stand for and what is there aim

Answer 31

Verband deutscher pradikatsweinguter To classify higher quality vineyards More rules lower yields

Question 32

Is gg part of German law

Answer 32

Coming into law - transition period | Grosse large is equivalent grand cru site

Question 33

Issues pradikatswein

Answer 33

Consumers can’t tell sweetness some producers use eu labels for weightless but based on must weight it’s not necessarily how it tastes

Question 34

Mkt German wines

Answer 34

``` Domestic (90) USA Netherlands Uk Norway ```

Question 35

Domestic wine trend

Answer 35

Drier styles & red wine

Question 36

Route to mkt

Answer 36

Growers to merchants or Co-ops Estates Merchants more inexpensive Quality Co-op & estates

Question 37

Wine making Germany

Answer 37

``` Enrichment common De acidification- inexpensive bulk wines Stainless steel temp controlled or some old oak Barriques - red wine & Chardonnay Ferment to dry Sussreserve - inexpensive Stop ferment quality (so2, filter, rack) Richmond deutscherwein only ```

Question 38

Where is silvaner we mainly grown

Answer 38

Rheinhessen | Franken

Question 39

Style of wine silvaner

Answer 39

Simple inexpensive Dry & sweet Less acidic & fruity v Riesling H quality Franken

Question 40

Red wine production Germany inexpensive

Answer 40

Thermovinification (quick Color & flavour extraction) | Fermented off skins = l tannins

Question 41

Red wine production expensive Pinot

Answer 41

Cold maceration Whole bunch ferment Oak maturation

Question 42

Areas in Germany spatburgundee grown

Answer 42

Pfalz | Baden

Question 43

Style Dornfelder

Answer 43

``` Deep colour H acidity Fruity easy drinking Residual sugar - sour cherry, blackberry Complex @ lower yields oak ```

Question 44

Name 3 of the best known middle mosel villages

Answer 44

Piesport Bernkastel Wehlen

Question 45

Where are the best vineyards situated in Mosel

Answer 45

V steep slopes Slate soil - radiates heat S facing Next to river

Question 46

4 vdp categories

Answer 46

Vdp gutswein Vdp ortswein Erste lage Grosse lage

Question 47

What does gutwein mean

Answer 47

Generic/regional burgundy

Question 48

Ortswein

Answer 48

Village burgundy

Question 49

Este lage

Answer 49

Premier cru burgundy

Question 50

Grosse lage

Answer 50

Grand cru

Question 51

Style Mosel Riesling

Answer 51

``` Lighter body Lower abv H acidity Floral, citrus, green fruits Ability to age ```

Question 52

Can Eiswein come from Mosel

Answer 52

Yes usually cold enough

Question 53

Mosel reputation

Answer 53

Sweeter styles of pradikatswein

Question 54

Where is nahe in Germany

Answer 54

Between Mosel & rheinhessen | Best vineyards banks of nahe river

Question 55

Nahe Riesling style

Answer 55

Between Mosel & fuller bodied Riesling of Rheingau/ rhienhessen/ Pfalz Acidity of Mosel but riper flavour

Question 56

NTH What is ahr region known for

Answer 56

Spatburgunder | Spice h tannins

Question 57

Where are the vineyards in Rheingau

Answer 57

on banks of river Rhine & river main S facing aspect Hills protection

Question 58

What is Rheingau known for

Answer 58

H quality age worthy Riesling and some f body Pinot noir

Question 59

Around which villages are Rheingau vineyards located

Answer 59

Johannisberg | Rudesheim

Question 60

Style of Rheingau Riesling

Answer 60

Dry m to f body Peach Or ba/tba sweet wines

Question 61

Criteria erstes gewachs & grosses gewachs in law

Answer 61

``` 85% single variety Hand picked (grosses) Selective picking (erstes) Lower yields 50 grosses, 60 erstes Dry ```

Question 62

Region in Germany largest under vine

Answer 62

Rhienhessen

Question 63

Which variety’s can rhienhessen make as gg

Answer 63

Riesling | Pinot noir

Question 64

Where are the vineyards planted in rhienhessen

Answer 64

Mainly flat fertile plains valley floor = high volume inexpensive

Question 65

Which river runs through rheinhessen

Answer 65

Rhine

Question 66

Which is the driest Germany region and why

Answer 66

Pfalz Rain shadow haardt mountains Poss drought risk

Question 67

Which gg can be made in Pfalz

Answer 67

Pinot Blanc, noir | Riesling

Question 68

Wurttemberg area know for

Answer 68

Light fruity reds

Question 69

NTH wurttemberg area known for which grapes

Answer 69

Blaufrankish | Schiava

Question 70

Which region is the warmest

Answer 70

Baden Benefits rainshadow Vosges S latitude

Question 71

Baden best known for which grape variety

Answer 71

Pinot noir

Question 72

Where are the best slopes in baden

Answer 72

S facing slope extinct volcano = fuller body wines, h abv, complex, Smokey

Question 73

Which region know for silvaner

Answer 73

Franken

Question 74

New legislation in Jan 20 introduced geographical hierarchy for which

Answer 74

Qualitatswein

Question 75

New Qualitatswein

Answer 75

Wine growing area Region Village wine - ortwein Single vineyard (einzellage) for min kabinet quality split into erstes gewachs & grosses gewachs

Question 76

Requirements erstes gewachs and grosses gewachs

Answer 76