Spain Flashcards
1
Q
What are the suregions of Rias Baixas?
A
Ribero de Ulla
Val do Salnes
Soutomaior
O Rosal
Candado de Tea
2
Q
What is the dominant soil type in Rias Baixas?
A
Xabre
Decomposed granite with low water retention that serves the rainy environment well
3
Q
Major river that runs through Rias Baixas
A
Miño River
4
Q
Vine training in Rias Baixas
A
“Parral”
Pergola - Granite posts hold up the pergolas and the overhead canopy provides grapes with shelter from the region’s marginal weather
Greater airflow = less disease pressure
5
Q
Minimum % Albariño Val do Salnes and Ribera do Ulla
A
70% Albarińo
with Loureira, Treixadura and Caińo Blanco
6
Q
Minimum % Albariño O Rosal
A
70% Albariño and Loureira
7
Q
Minimum % Albariño Candado do Tea
A
70% Albariño and Treixadura
8
Q
Ribeiro is at the convergence of what two rivers? What river is just to the south?
A
Miño and Avia
Arnoia River
9
Q
What is vino tostado?
A
Roasted wine
Dried grape wine similar to Tusan vin Santo. Red/White grapes left to dry for a minimum of three months following harvest in covered rooms with consistent ventilation to avoid rot.
10
Q
What is the min. sugar for vino tostado?
A
350 g/L
11
Q
What are the two main rivers of Ribeira Sacr?
A
Sil and Miño
12
Q
Major Producers Ribeira Sacra
A
Guimaro
Algueira
Dominio do Bibei
13
Q
What are the subzones of Ribeira Sacra?
A
Chantada
Riberas do Miño
Amandi
Ribeiras do Sil
Quiroga-Bebei
14
Q
90% of Ribeira Sacrac vineyards
A
Mencia
15
Q
Bastardo name in Ribeira Sacra
A
Merenzao
16
Q
What does Summum indicate on a label?
A
Ribeira Sacra
85% of principal grapes (at least 60% Mencia) for reds
or 100% principal grapes for whites
17
Q
What is Valdeorras mostly known for?
A
Godello
18
Q
What does Valdeorras translate to?
A
Valley of Gold
19
Q
What is the main river of Valdeorras?
A
Sil
20
Q
What is the dominant soil type of Valdeorras?
A
Slate
21
Q
What is the river of Monterrei?
A
Tamega
22
Q
What are the DOs for Txakoli?
A
Txakoli de Bizkaia
Txakoli de Getaria
Txakoli de Alava
23
Q
What are Getaria and Bizkaia influenced by from a climate perspective?
A
Bay of Biscay
24
Q
What is the smallest and newest appellation of Basque Country?
A
Txakoli de Alava
25
When was Bierzo DO established and who led the way?
1989
Jose Luis Prada - Prada a Tope winery
26
Who lent winery space to Alvaro Palacios to create the first vintages of Descendientes de Jose Palacios?
Raul Perez
27
What is the river that runs through Bierzo?
Sil River
28
Where is quality wine growing typically done in Bierzo?
Alto Bierzo
29
What are the tiers of the classification in Bierzo from top quality down?
Gran Vino de Viña Clasificada
Vino de Viña Clasificada
Vino de Paraje
Vino de Villa
Vino de la Region (Bierzo)
30
How much Mencia must contribute to Bierzo red blends?
85%
31
How much Mencia must contribute to rosado blends in Bierzo?
50%
32
Who led the revolution of Palomino into Verdejo in the 1970s in Rueda?
Marques de Riscal and its director Francisco Hurtado de Amegaza y Dolagary
With the help of Emile Peynaud
33
Rivers Associated with Rioja Alta
The Oja and the Najerilla
34
What is the soil type of Rueda?
High proportion of limestone and is famously gravelly, allowing for good drainage
35
Climate of Rueda
Extreme continental - requiring irrigation
36
What are the sparkling wines of Rueda called that have been aged 36 months or longer sur lie?
Gran añada
37
What is Palido?
Heritage style of biologically aged and fortified Rueda wine
38
Requirements of Granvino de Rueda
Vines at least 30 years old and adhere to stricter yields
39
What is Vino de Pueblo
New village wine Classification (Rueda) where 85% of grapes must be harvested for nearly 70 permitted municipalities
40
Who founded Vega Sicilia? When? Who was the cellar master that brought it's success?
Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves
1864
Domingo Garramiola Txomin
41
What is the cooperative of Vega Sicilia now turned winery?
Prontos
42
In what year was Ribera del Duero granted DO status?
1982
43
When was Tinto Peqsquera established? By who?
1972
Alejandro Fernandez
44
When was Pingus established? By who?
1995
Peter Sisseck
45
What are the provinces that Ribera del Duero borders?
Soria,
Segovia,
Burgos,
Valladoild
(From east to west)
46
What are the generalizations for soil types in Ribera del Duero?
Limestone in the east
Clay in the west
Rest has sandy or silty-sandy earth
47
Climate of Ribera del Duero?
Extreme Continental
Summers extremely hot
Winters icy cold
(Frost and Hail are common)
48
What is Tempranillo known as in Ribera del Duero?
Tinto fino or Tinta del Pais
49
What is the only additional Spanish red varietal permitted in Ribera del Duero besides Tempranillo
Garnacha
The rest of the reds are Bordeaux (CS, Merlot, Malbec)
50
What are the varietal requirements of Ribera del Duero?
Red - 95% of authorizerd varietals (75% Tempranillo)
Rosado - 50% authorized RED varieties
White - 75% must be Albillo Mayor
51
What is the sole white varietal permitted in Ribera del Duero labeled wines?
Albillo Mayor
52
What is the name of the river that passes through Arlanza DO?
Arlanza and meetes the Arlanzon
53
Where would you find Prieto Picudo?
Red wines from Leon DO
54
What is the name of the wine produced in Toro by Vega Sicilia?
Pintia
55
What is Tempranillo called in Toro?
Tinto de Toro
56
Aging requirements of Toro DO
Tinto
Crianza - Min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in Oak
Reserva - Min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak
Gran Reserva - Min. 5 years, including at least 18 months in oak
57
Red wine from Toro varietal composition requirements
Min. 75% Tinta de Toro or 85% Garnacha
58
Tempranillo requirements for Tierra del Vino de Zamora
Red - 75%
Rosado - 65%
Claretes - 30%
59
Where would you find the varietal Bruñal?
Castilla y Leon
Arribes DO
60
What is the name of the wine cage surrounding Rioja bottles?
Mallas
(wine cage)
61
In what year was the Consejo regulador established in Rioja?
1925
It was the first in Spain
62
Who did Marques de Caceres hire in the 1960s to help with winemaking?
Emile Peynaud who advocated for using new French Oak in Rioja
63
Who did Bodegas Palacio hire and when to assist with winemaking?
Michel Rolland 1987
64
What was the name of the wine that Michel Rolland helped Bodega Palacio create?
Palacio y Hermanos Reserva Especial
65
In what year was Rioja declared a DOCa
1991 - the very first
66
What are the communities that Rioja DOCa traverses?
La Rioja
Basque Country
Navarra
Castilla y Leon
67
What is the name of the mountain range that borders Rioja to the north?
Sierra de Cantabria - shields from Atlantic winds
68
How are vintages described in Rioja?
Atlantic (cooler) or Mediterranean (warmer and drier)
69
What are the subzones of Rioja?
Rioja Alta,
Rioja Alavesa,
Rioja Oriental
70
Name the top estates in Rioja Alta
Lopez de Heredia
Muga
CVNE
La Rioja Alta
71
What is the largest subzone of Rioja?
Rioja Alta, located to the west
72
What are the tributaries of the Ebro located within Rioja Alta
Najerilla
Oja
They form valleys where many of Rioja Alta's grapes are grown
73
Soil types of the Oja Valley Vs. Najerilla Valley
Chalky, alluvial soils in the Oja
Iron-rich clay in the Najerilla
74
Where are the highest vineyards found in Rioja?
Rioja Alavesa
75
Soil type of Rioja Alavesa?
Limestone
76
Where is Rioja Oriental located?
The most easterly subzone
77
Rioja Oriental Climate
Warmer and Drier than Alta and Alavesa
78
Where would you typically find carbonic maceration Tempranillo?
Rioja Alavesa
79
What varietal is most associated with Rioja Oriental?
Garnacha
80
Where are the vineyards located in Rioja Oriental?
Higher elevations in the Yerga Mountains near Navarra
81
Espumosos aging requirements Rioja
15 months sur lie
82
What are the requirements in Rioja for "single vineyard"?
Vinedo Singular
Hand-harvested original sites where vines are min. 35 years old
30% lower yields
Must pass approval from the consejo tasting committee
83
Vino Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja requirements
Crianza - 15 months sur lie
Reserva - 24 months
Gran Añada - 36 months
84
Besides wine, what is Navarra known for?
Bullfighting - in July - San Fermin, a daily encierro, running of the bulls, takes place in Pamplona
85
What style of wine is Navarra most well known for?
Rosado
86
What are the five district zones of Navarra DO?
Baja Montaña,
Tierra Estella,
Valdizarbe,
Ribera Alta,
Ribera Baja
87
Which subzone of Navarra DO concentrates solely on red wine from Garnacha?
Ribera Baja
88
What are the rosados of Navarra predominantly based on?
Garnacha
89
Which red classification of Navarra is different from the rest of Spain? What is the requirement?
Crianza - must be aged for at least two years, min. 9 months in barrel
90
What are the DOs of Aragon?
Calatayud,
Cariñena,
Campo de Borja,
Somontano
91
Which is the largest DO of Aragon?
Calatayud
92
What is the river of Calatayud DO?
Jalon River, flows north to meet the Ebro
93
What are old vines called in Calatayud DO? What are the requirements?
Viñas Viejas
Min. 35 year old vines
94
What are the requirements for Calatayud Superior?
Must be composed of at least 85% Garnacha from min. 50 year old vines
95
River of Carineña DO
Huerva River
96
What is the vino de pago of Carineña?
Ayles
97
Notable producer from Campo de Borja
Alto Moncayo
98
Somontano Varietals
Gewurtztraminer,
Riesling,
Chardonnay,
Cabernet Sauvignon,
Merlot
99
Where would you find Gewurtztraminer, Riesling, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon,
Merlot in Aragon?
Somontano DO
100
Who Who made the first traditional method sparkling wines in Catalonia?
Josep Raventos i Fatjo of Codorniu Raventos
Macabeo,
Xarel-lo,
Parellada
101
Name for the gyropalette in Spain
Girasol
102
Where are most Cava producing houses located?
Saint Sandurni d'Anoia
103
Which varietal does Valencia use for Cava that none of the other autonomias use?
Monastrell
104
What do the three main varietals contribute to the Cava blend?
Macabeo is the most planted and typically serves as Cava’s foundation and its largest component, contributing fruity breadth and structure.
Xarel·lo will further strengthen the wine, adding earthy flavors, broadening the mid-palate, and extending its aging potential.
Parellada is used to soften a Cava with its more moderate acidity, favored for its floral finesse.
105
Cava Aging Requirements
Basic Cava - 9 months
Reserva - 15 months
Gran Reserva - 30 months
106
Cava de Paraje Calificado
Must originate from a single parcel whose vines are at least 10 years old.
must be vintage dated, unacidified, and aged in bottle for a minimum 36 months before being disgorged
adhere to stricter yields, hand-harvesting, and quality control
brut, extra brut, and brut nature wines.
107
What organization is known as the "heart of Penedes"?
Corpinnat Assosiaction
Abandoned the Cava label
Adhere to more stringent regulations
Hand-harvested, organically grown, of which are at least 90% are inidigenous, within a delineated zone.
Min. bottle aging is 18 months
108
Penedes DO subregions
```
Penedes Maritim (Baix)
Mitja-Penedes (Middle)
Penedes Superior (Alt)
```
109
What mountain range is related to Penedes Superior?
Montserrat Mountains
110
Where were the original five of Priorat located?
Gratallops
111
Who were the first five of Priorat and what wines did they produce?
Rene Barbier (Clos Magador)
Alvaro Palacios (Clos Dofi, now Finca Dofi)
Daphne Glorian (Clos Erasmus)
Jose Luis Perez (Clos Martinet, now Mas Martinet)
Carlos Pastrana and Mariona Jarque (Clos de l'Obac)
112
Villages of Priorat
La Morera de Montsant, Gratallops, Bellmunt del Priorat, Escaladei, Porrera, Poboleda, La Vilella Baixa, La Vilella Alta, El Lloar, Masos del Terme de Falset, Solanes del Terme de El Molar, and Torroja del Priorat.
113
Geographical features of Priorat
Priorat’s vineyards are planted on steep hillsides
Bordered to its northwest by the taller Serra de Montsant, protecting this inland Mediterranean area from fierce winds
diurnal swings and low annual rainfall
The Siurana River cuts diagonally through the landscape before meeting the Ebro
114
Soil type of Priorat
llicorella soil, composed of schistose mica and quartzite, allows roots to stretch deep to find water, and its reflective black-red surface radiates heat back onto the vines
115
