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My Master Sommelier Prep > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Chile DOs

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Valle Central
  • Sur
  • Austral
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2
Q

Chile Law

Permitted Varietals - Varietal Labeling

A
  • Red
    • Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Carmenère, Cot/Malbec, Merlot, Mourvèdre, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Sangiovese, Syrah, Verdot, Zinfandel
  • White
    • Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Gewürztraminer, Marsanne, Moscatel (Muscat) de Alejandría, Moscatel Rosada, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Torontel, Viognier, Pedro Ximènez
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3
Q

Chile Law

Minimum varietal % makeup

A

75%

85% if exported

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4
Q

Chile Law

Minimum alcohol requirements

A
  • 11.5%
  • Reserva Especial - 12%
  • Gran Reserva - 12.5%
  • Reserva Privada - 12.5%

Gran Reserva / Reserva Privada must spend time in oak

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5
Q

Chile Law

Label Terms Permitted

A
  • Reserva
  • Reserva Especial
  • Reserva Privada
  • Gran Resera
  • Gran Vino
  • Seleccion
  • Superior
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6
Q

Four Tiers of DOs

A
  • Vitcultural Region
  • Subregion
  • Zone
  • Area
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7
Q

How were the following years in Chile?

  • 2005
  • 2013
  • 2014
  • 2010
  • 2016
  • 2017
A
  • 2005 - Outstanding
  • 2013 - Well-aclaimed by the press
  • 2014 - Very good but widespread frost killed up to 70% of the crop
  • 2010 - Earthquake year, but wines ended up being very good
  • 2017 - Extremely difficult due to rain
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8
Q

When was Chile Wine Law developed?

A

Passed in 1985

Enacted in 1994

Put into effect in 1995

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9
Q

Atacama DO

Subregions

A
  • Copiapo (Pisco)
  • Huasco (Pisco)
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10
Q

Coquimbo DO

Subregions

A
  • Valle de Elqui DO
  • Valle del Limari DO
  • Valle de Choapo DO

North to South

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11
Q

Valle del Elqui DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: La Serena
  • Andes: Paiguano, Vicuña
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12
Q

Valle del Elqui DO

Varietals

A
  • Syrah
  • Pedro Jimenez
  • Sauvignon Blanc
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13
Q

Valle del Elqui

Producers

A
  • Cavas del Valle (Paiguano)
  • Falernia
    • Alta Tierra - wine has become a reference for Elqui, and Chilean Syrah
  • Vinhedos de Alcohuaz
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14
Q

Valle de Limari DO

Varietals

A
  • Chardonnay
  • Syrah
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Pedro Jimenez
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15
Q

Valle de Limari DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Ovalle
  • Entre Cordilleras: Punitaqui
  • Andes: Monte Patria, Rio Hurtado
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16
Q

Valle de Limari DO

Producers

A
  • Tabali
    • Winemaker: Felipe Muller
  • Casa Tamaya
  • Franciso de Aguirre (Concha y Toro)
    • First wine company in Limari in 1993
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17
Q

Valle de Choapa DO

Areas

A
  • Andes: Illapel, Salamanca
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18
Q

Valle de Choapa DO

Producers

A

Domaine de Manson (MOVI)

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19
Q

Aconcagua DO

Subregions

A
  • Aconcagua
  • Casablanca
  • San Antonio
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20
Q

Valle de Aconcagua DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Quillota
  • Entre Cordilleras: Hijuelas, Catemu, Panquehue, Llaillay, San Felipe
  • Andes: Santa Maria, Calle Larga, San Esteban
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21
Q

Valle de Aconcagua DO

Varietals

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Syrah
  • Caremenere
  • Sauvignon Blanc
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22
Q

Valle de Aconcagua DO

Producers

A
  • Errazuriz
  • Seña - Edwardo Chadwick x Robert Mondavi
  • Von Siebenthal (MOVI) - ‘Tatay Cristobal’ Carmenere
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23
Q

Casablanca DO

Areas

A

None

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24
Q

Casablanca DO

Varietals

A
  • Chardonnay
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Pinot Noir
  • Merlot
  • Syrah
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25
Q

Casablanca DO

Producers

A
  • Veramonte
    • Winemaker: Rodrigo Soto
  • Casas del Bosque
  • Kingston Family Vineyards (MOVI)
  • Laroche Punto Alto
  • Morande (VIGNO)
    • Winemaker: Ricardo Baettig
  • Montescano (MOVI)
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26
Q

San Antonio DO

Zones

A

Valle de Leyda DO

Lo Abarca DO

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27
Q

Valle de Leyda DO

Areas

A

Costa: San Juan, Santo Domingo

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28
Q

San Antonio DO

Areas (Outside of Leyda)

A
  • Cartagena
  • Lo Abarca DO
  • Algarrobo
  • Zapallar
  • Valle de Marga-Marga
  • Rosario (unofficial)
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29
Q

Lo Abarca DO

General

A
  • Coastal
  • Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Gewurtztraminer, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Grenache
  • Coolest climate in all of Chile
  • Case Marin
    • No. 2 Sauvignon Blanc
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30
Q

San Antonio DO

Producers

A
  • Matetic (Rosario subzone)
    • Only estate in Rosario
    • Demeter-Certified
    • First winery to plant Syrah in San Antonio
  • Viña Leyda
  • Casa Marin (Lo Abarca)
    • First in Lo Abarca
  • Viña Chocolan
    • Produces wines from the unofficial Malvilla Valley in the Valle de San Antonio DO
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31
Q

Valle Central DO

Subregions

A
  • Maipo
  • Rapel
  • Curico
  • Maule
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32
Q

Maipo DO

Areas

A
  • Entre Cordilleras: Isla de Maipo, Talagente, Melipilla, Alhue, Maria Pinto, Colino, Calera de Tango, Til Til, Lampa
  • Andes: Santiago, Pirque, Puente Alto, Buin
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33
Q

Maipo DO

Unofficial Subregions

A
  • Alto Maipo (400-600m) - Cabernet
    • Piedmont of the Andes
    • Puente Alto‘high bridge’ and Pique best two DO Areas
  • Medio Maipo - Carmenere
    • Central Area
    • Isla de Maipo & Alhue are best two DO areas
  • Maipo Costa/Maipo Bajo
    • Southwest, low-lying vineyards
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34
Q

Maipo DO

Producers

A
  • Concha y Toro
  • Santa Rita
  • Carmen
  • Santa Carolina
  • Cousino Macul
  • Almaviva
  • Haras de Pirque
  • Vina Tarapaca
    • Hillside picture in Atlas of wine in Maipo Valley
  • Ventisquero
  • Odfjell
  • De Martino
  • Antiyal
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35
Q

Maipo DO

Famous Wines

A
  • Don Melchor (Concha y Toro) - Puente Alto
  • Almaviva (Philip de Rothschild x Concha y Toro) - Puente Alto
  • Viñedo Chadwick (Errazuriz) - Puente Alto
  • Antiyal (Alvaro Espinoza’s)
  • Casa Real (Santa Rita)
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36
Q

Maipo DO

Varietals

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

Merlot

Syrah

Chardonnay

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37
Q

Rapel DO

Zones

A

Cachapoal DO

Colchagua DO

38
Q

Cachapoal DO

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Merlot, Syrah, Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc
  • Puemo DO
    • “Herencia” - old vine Carmenere
    • Fruit also comes from Los Lingues DO
  • “Carmin de Puemo” - Concha y Toro
    • 86% Carmenre (Puemo DO)
    • 7% Cabernet Sauvignon (Pirque DO)
    • 7% Cabernet Franc (Puente Alto DO)
39
Q

Cochapoal DO

Areas

A
  • Entre Cordilleras:
    • Rancagua
    • Puemo
      • Source of Herencia - Santa Carolina & Carmin de Puemo - Concha y Toro
    • Coltauco
  • Andes: Requinoa, Rengo, Machali
40
Q

Cachapoal DO

Producers

A
  • Altair
  • Anakena (Paul Hobbs)
  • Pedro Parra’s Clos des Fous
  • La Ronciere
  • morande (VIGNO)
  • Vik
  • Camino Real
41
Q

Cachapoal DO

Geography

A
  • Smaller than Colchagua
  • Surrounds city of Roncagua
  • Boxed in by the Andes and Coastal Range
42
Q

Colchagua DO

Varietals

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Carmenere
  • Merlot
  • Syrah
  • Chardonnay
  • Sauvignon Blanc
43
Q

Colchagua DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Lolol, Litueche, Paredones, Pumanque
  • Entre Cordilleras: Nancagua, Santa Cruz, Apalta DO, Palmilla, Peralilo, Marchigue, La Estrella
  • Andes: San Fernando, Chimbarongo, Los Lingues DO
44
Q

Apalta DO

A
  • Within Colchagua, Rapel Valley
  • Most Important for quality red wines
  • “Clos Apalta”
    • Lapostelle
    • 48% Carmenere
    • 31% Cabernet Sauvignon
    • 21% Merlot
  • “Alpha M”
    • Montes
    • 80% Cabernet
    • 10% Cabernet Franc
    • 5% Merlot
    • 5% Petit Verdot
45
Q

Apalta DO

Important

A
  • Located on the north bank of the Tinguririrca River
  • Protected on 3 sides by the mountains
  • Slightly cooler climate
  • Well-drained Granitic soils
46
Q

Colchagua DO

Producers

A
  • Koyle
  • Casa Silva
    • Altura
  • Cono Sur
  • Viu Manent
  • Casa Lapostolle
    • Clos Apalta
  • Laura Hartwig
  • Los Vascos (Domaine de Baron Rothschild)
  • Siegel
  • Montes
    • Alpha M
      • Bordeaux Blend
    • Folly
      • Syrah
47
Q

Colchagua DO

Famous Wines

A
  • Clos Apalta (Carmenere)
  • Alpha M (BDX)
  • Folly = Montes
    • Syrah
  • Altura = Vina Casa Silva
48
Q

Colchagua DO

Important

A
  • Second only to Maule in total vine acreage and to Maipo in number of top-class wines
  • Tinguririca River
49
Q

Rapel DO

Geo Features

A
  • Cachapoal River
  • Tinguririca Ribe
  • Rapel River
  • Rapel Reservoir
50
Q

Curico DO

Subregions

A
  • Teno DO (Northern)
  • Lontue DO (Southern)
51
Q

Curico DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Vichuquen, Licanten DO
  • Entre Cordilleras: Rauco, Sagrada Familia
  • Andes: Romeral, Mollina
52
Q

Curico DO

Varietals

A
  • Cabernet
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Merlot
  • Chardonnay
  • Carmenere
53
Q

Lincanten DO

A
  • Is this WITHIN Tonu DO of Curico?
  • One of the warmest coastal regions in Chile
  • Producer: La Roncerie
  • Notable wine: Malbec
54
Q

Teno DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Vichuquen, Licanten DO
  • Entre Cordilleras: Rauco
  • Andes: Romeral
55
Q

Lontue DO

Areas

A
  • Entre Cordilleras: Sagrada Familia
  • Andes: Molina

Lontue River

56
Q

Curico DO

Producers

A
  • San Pedro
  • Miguel Torres
  • Vine Echevarria
  • Valdivieso
  • La Ronciere (Lincanten DO)
57
Q

Maule DO

Zones

A
  • Claro DO
  • Loncomilla DO
  • Tutuven DO
58
Q

Claro DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Empedrado, Curepto
  • Entre Cordilleras: Talca, Pencahue, San Rafael
  • Andes: San Clemente
59
Q

Loncomilla DO

Areas

A
  • Entre Cordilleras: San Javier, Ville Alegre, Parral, Linares, Longavi, Retiro
  • Andes: Colbun
60
Q

Tutuven DO

Areas

A

Entre Cordilleras: Cauquenes

61
Q

Maule DO

Producers

A

VIA

O. Fournier

J. Bouchon

62
Q

Sur DO

Subregions

A
  • Itata (Pais)
  • Bio-Bio
  • Malleco
63
Q

Itata DO

Areas

A
  • Costa: Portezuelo, Coelemu
  • Entre Cordilleras: Chillan, Quillon
64
Q

Itata DO

Varietals

A
  • Pais
  • Moscatel Alejandria
  • Cinsault
  • Cabernet
65
Q

Itata DO

Producers / Geological Features

A
  • Rogue Vine
  • Casas de Giner
  • Casanueva
  • Vinos Larqui
  • Del Alba
  • Velenque

Itata River

Nuble River

66
Q

Bio-Bio

General

A
  • Varietals: Piont Noir, Pais, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
  • DO Areas:
    • Entre Cordilleras: Yumbel, Mulchen
  • Producers:
    • Dos Andes (Agustinos, Veranda)
    • Guilisasti
    • Aristos
  • Geography / Climate
    • Nahuelbute Mountains
    • Year-Round Green
67
Q

Malleco DO

General

A
  • DO Areas:
    • Entre Cordilleras: Traiguen
  • Producers:
    • Sol de Sol
    • Pedro Parra’s Clous Fous
68
Q

Austral DO

General

A
  • Undurraga’s Rafael Urrejoa = One of the world’s most southernmost vineyards!
  • Subregions:
    • Valle de Cautin DO
    • Valle de Osorno DO
  • Producers:
    • Casa Silva (Colchagua based)
  • Geography Climate
    • Lake General Carrera
    • Chilean Tundra
69
Q

Chile Important

General Facts

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon and Pais leading varietals followed by Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc (and Vert), Chardonnay, Carmenere, Semillon, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc
  • Muscat of Alexandria - mainly used for distillation
70
Q

Chile

Geography

A
  • Two mountain ranges run parallel:
    • Andes
    • Cordilleras de la Costa (Coastal Range)
    • Camancha - name of the dense, cool morning fog that creeps into the Coastal regions
    • Mountains diminish in altitude as they move south
71
Q

Chile

Climate

A
  • Norte Chile - Hot and Arid
  • Zona Central - Warm and Mediterranean
  • Zona Sur - Cool, rainy and maritime
  • The regions are basically 3 columns
72
Q

Humboldt Current

A
  • Cold-water ocean current that flows northward up the coast
  • The current cools air passing over it
73
Q

Chile Administrative Regions

Producing Wine

A
  • Atacama (region III, Norte)
  • Coquimbo (Region IV, Norte)
  • Valparaiso (Region V, Zona Central)
  • Santiago (Region Metropolitan, Zona Central)
  • O’Higgins (Rebion VI, Zona Central)
  • Maule (Region VII, Zona Central)
  • Bio Bio (Region VIII, Zona Sur)
  • La Araucania (Region IX, Zona Sur)
  • Los Lagos (Region X, Zona Sur)
74
Q

Movimiento do Vinateros Independientes (MOVI)

A
  • Est. 2009
  • 12 wineries originall banded together
  • “an association of small quality oriented Chilean wineries who come together to share a common goal to make personally, on a human scale”
75
Q

“Founding Fathers”

A
  • Rich people that made wineries
  • Cousino Macul (1865) - Maipo Valley (Santiago)
  • Vina San Pedro (1865) - Curico Valley
  • Vina Errazuriz (1870) - Aconcagua Valley (Panquehue)
  • Santa Carolina (1875) - Maipo Valley (Santiago)
  • Santa Rita (1880) - Maipo Valley (Buin)
  • Concha y Toro (1883) - Maipo Valley (Pirque)
  • Undurraga (1885)
76
Q

Modern Success / International Investment

A
  • 1988 - Domaines de Baron Rothschild takes over Los Vascos (Colchagua)
  • 1988 - Hacienda Araucano (established by Bordeaux’s eminent Lurton family)
  • 1990 - Bruno Prats (former owner of Cos d’Estournel) and Paul Pontallier (current managing director of Chateau Margaux) launch Vina Aquitana
  • 1991 - William Fevre establishes William Fevre Chile in Maipo Valley
  • 1994 - Lapostolle (Colchagua) is founded by namesake owners of Grand Marnier-Lapostelle and the Rabat families
  • 1997 - Baron Philippe de Rothschild partners with Concha y Toro to create Almaviva
77
Q

Wine Consultants

A
  • Paul Hobbs (Anakena)
  • Randy Ullom (Vina Calina)
  • Byron Kosuge (Kingston, Casablanca)
  • Ken Bernard (Matetic Vineyards, Rosario)
  • William Fevre (William Fevre Chablis, Maipo)
  • Martin Prieur (Cono Sur)
  • Pascal Marchand (Dos Andes’ Veranda Brand)
  • Louis Michel Liger-Belair (Pedro Parra, Errazuriz)
    • Partners with Pedro Parra in Aristos
78
Q

Important Winemakers

A
  • Marcelo Papa - Concha y Toro (Maipo)
  • Francisco Baettig (Errazuriz, Aconcagua)
  • Felipe Muller (Tabali - Limari, Coquimbo)
  • Rodrigo Soto (Veramonte, Casablanca
79
Q

Don Melchor

A
  • Concha y Toro (Maipo, Valle Central)
  • Cabernet dominant BDX blend
80
Q

Vinedo Chadwick

A
  • Errazuriz (Maipo, Valle Central)
  • Cabernet dominant BDX blend
81
Q

Almaviva

A
  • Concha y Toro & Baron Philippe Rothschild
  • Canermet Sauvignon and Carmenere dominant blend
  • Maipo, Valle Central
82
Q

Clos Apalta

A

Casa Lapostolle

Colchagua, Rapel Valley, Valle Central

Predominantly Carmenere followed by Cabernet

83
Q

Vina Montes

Wines

A
  • Alpa M - Apalta, Colchagua, Rapel, Valle Central
  • Purple Angel - Colchagua, Rapel, Valle Central
  • Folly (Syrah) - Aconcagua
84
Q

Claude Gay

A

Respected, French born naturalist working in Chile

Brought dozens of French grapevine cuttings to Chile in the 1830s and planted them in Santiago’s Quinta Normal

85
Q

Silvestre Ochagavia

A

Father of Chilean wine

  • Founded Vina Ochagavia in 1851
    • Chile’s first modern winery and oldest still in operation today
86
Q

Arrobas

A

Measurement of weight, rather than volume, equivalent to about 8 liters

87
Q

Aguardiente

A

A distilled liquor resembling Brandy, especially as made in South America from sugar cane

88
Q

Camancha

A

Dense, cool morning fog that creeps into the coastal range of Chile

89
Q

VIGNO

Requirements

A

Maule DO

  • Min. 65% Carignan
  • Dry-Farmed
  • Head-Trained (Cabeza)
  • Min. 30 years old
  • Aged 2 years prior to release

Vignadores de Carignan

90
Q

VIGNO

Members

A
  • Morande
  • De Martino
91
Q
A

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