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SPAATZ AEROSPACE > SPAATZ AEROSPACE 9,10,18,19 > Flashcards

SPAATZ AEROSPACE 9,10,18,19 Flashcards

1
Q

Knowing where you are, where you are going and how to get there

A

Navigation

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2
Q

The basic grid system (graticule) for Earth uses 18 primary great circles going north-south. These lines are called lines of

A

Longitude

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3
Q

The parallels have 10 degrees spacing between them from the equator to the poles and are known as lines of

A

Latitude

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4
Q

The starting point, or zero degrees, is the great circle line that passes from the North Pole to the South through Greenwich, England

A

Prime Meridian

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5
Q

Most useful when the map only shows a very small part of the Earth’s surface

A

Mercator projections

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6
Q

Made by wrapping a flat map folded into a cone, around the globe. This makes a map that is more useful for longer distance travel near the middle parts of the Earth

A

Lambert-Conformal maps

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7
Q

Most commonly used aeronautical chart

A

Sectional aeronautical chart

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8
Q

The term used to describe elevations

A

Relief

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9
Q

Used to show changes in elevation smaller than the 1,000-foot color-tint scheme

A

Contour lines

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10
Q

In the very hilly or mountainous areas, another technique is used to give the impression of relief

A

Pictorial presentation

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11
Q

If the airport is unpaved (symbol)

A

Magenta circle

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12
Q

If the airport has facilities (symbol)

A

Four small projections, or ticks, radiate outward from the circle

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13
Q

Closed airports (symbol)

A

Circle with a “X”

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14
Q

Uncontrolled Airports (symbol)

A

Magenta

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15
Q

Controlled Airport (symbol)

A

Blue

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16
Q

A general term for airspace that has several subdivisions and is shown on aeronautical charts

A

Controlled airspace

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17
Q

Largest area of controlled airspace

A

Continental control area

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18
Q

Continental control area starts at

A

14,500 feet

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19
Q

Three-dimensional highways in the sky and are another subdivision of controlled airspace

A

Airways

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20
Q

Pilots are expected to exercise extreme caution when flying through such areas

A

Warning and alert areas

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21
Q

A special segment of the airspace where military flight-training activities are conducted

A

Military operations area

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22
Q

A sometimes-flown, low-level training route appearing on sectional aeronautical charts

A

Military training route

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23
Q

Show extreme detail around airfields so that the pilot can study the takeoff and landing areas closely

A

Terminal Area Charts

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24
Q

The location of Earth’s north geographic pole

A

True north

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25
Only non-electronic means the pilot has of determining the airplane's distance above the surface
Altimeter
26
A measure of how fast your aircraft is going across the surface of the Earth
Ground speed
27
A tool used by the pilot to figure out where wind drift will cause the aircraft to fly over the ground
Wind triangle
28
Navigating by reference to visible landmarks
Pilotage
29
Calculating one's current position by using a previously determined position
Dead reckoning
30
Used to determine direction, but it does not provide as much information to the aviator as the VOR
Automatic direction finder
31
Self-contained unit located within the aircraft that needs only to be programmed for a starting point and destination
Inertial Navigation
32
Used only within a short distance from the airport and only when the purpose is to land the airplane
Instrument landing system
33
Mines (symbol)
Picks and sledgehammers
34
Highway (symbol)
Black or magenta lines
35
Victor airways and are based on the locations of radio navigation stations, which are called ...
Very-High-Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range (VOR)
36
The most important part of the airport is the...
Runway
37
Roads that aircraft use to get to the runway
Taxiway
38
Parking spots for aircraft
Ramps and hangers
39
A voice recording of a tower controller. The recording tells pilots about the wind, clouds, visibility and any restrictions that the runways may have
Automated Terminal Information System (ATIS)
40
A service station for airplanes
Fixed base operation (FBO)
41
Designed to handle people, baggage and cargo
Passenger Terminal
42
Provides all types of weather information to pilots. It gives forecasts and current weather along the route of flight
Flight Service Station
43
Sometimes called "an ocean of air surrounding the Earth."
The atmosphere
44
A complex mixture of molecules and atoms
Atmosphere
45
That region in which most people live, work, play and fly
Troposphere
46
In this region, temperature goes up with increase in altitude
The Stratosphere and Stratopause
47
From 50 miles outward to about 300 miles
Thermosphere
48
Special region, or global shell, that extends from about 10 to 30 miles altitude
Ozonosphere
49
Begins at an altitude of about 25 miles and extends outward to about 250 miles
Ionosphere
50
The shell, or region, below the ionosphere that extends down to the surface of the Earth
Neutrosphere
51
It overlaps the ozonosphere and ionosphere and begins at about the stratopause, includes the mesosphere, and sometimes the lower part of the thermosphere
Chemosphere
52
Extends from the Earth's surface up to an altitude of about 60 miles. That region in which the gaseous composition and mixing are relatively constant
Homosphere
53
Begins around the 55- to 60-mile altitude. Molecules and atoms of the gases are spaced much farther apart. At this altitude, gravity influences them according to mass and they take on a vertical arrangement
Heterosphere
54
Begins in that region where the atmosphere's molecules and atoms are so far apart they would have to travel as far as 100 miles before running into another molecule or atom
Exosphere
55
Indicates how tightly the particles of matter are packed together
Density
56
The temperature at or below which water vapor will condense
Dew Point
57
The atmosphere is in constant...
Motion
58
When one molecule (energized to a higher level of molecular motion through the heating process), contacts another molecule, the second molecule absorbs some of this heat
Conduction
59
Any heat transfer by vertical motion
Convection
60
Temperature will be transferred horizontally over the surface of the Earth by blowing winds or moving air masses
Advection
61
Transfers heat energy without changing the temperature of anything between the source of energy and the object heated
Radiation
62
The rate at which the Earth's surface is heated by solar radiation
Insolation
63
A comparatively narrow current of air which moves around the Northern (and Southern) Hemispheres of the Earth in wavelike patterns
Jet stream
64
The condition of the atmosphere at any particular time and place
Weather
65
Large body of air
Air mass
66
A _____ air mass is cold
Polar
67
A ______ air mass is hot
Tropical
68
A _____ air mass is humid
Maritime
69
A ____ air mass is dry
Continental
70
The boundaries between air masses of different characteristics
Fronts
71
General direction of travel across the United States is from the northwest to southeast. Travel very far south, even in the summertime. The energy of a depends on the amount of cold air that comprises the high-pressure cell behind it
Cold fronts
72
Connected to a low-pressure cell, extends eastward from it and travels northeastward
Warm front
73
When air masses lose their "punch" and are not replacing one another
Stationary front
74
Formed when a warm air mass, lying between two cold air masses, is lifted up by the cold air mass behind it
Occluded front
75
The three general types of clouds
Cumulus (piled up) Stratus (layered) Cirrus (high, thin appearance)
76
Beginning at the lower altitudes, between 300 and 6,500 feet, the stratus, cumulus, stratocumulus, cumulonimbus and nimbostratus types of clouds are found
Low
77
First identified by the prefix "alto'' (high, but not highest). At middle altitude, which is between 6,500 feet and 20,000 feet, the stratus and cumulus shapes are found, but are known as altostratus and altocumulus
Middle
78
At 20,000 feet and up, cirrus types appear
High
79
Describe a broken stratus layer
Fracto
80
A special type of cloud that frequently forms as strong winds sweep up and over the tops of high mountains
Lenticular
81
Has a smooth appearance. It indicates to pilots that no turbulence (bumpiness) is associated with the cloud
Stratus and altostratus
82
This cloud has numerous bumps on the topside and usually is rather thick
Stratocumulus
83
Has a harmless, puffy, cotton-ball appearance with a horizontal dark base. It is known as fair-weather
Cumulus
84
A surface-based cloud because it develops within the atmosphere
Fog
85
An atmospheric condition in which changes in speed and direction of the wind occur
Wind Shear
86
Caused when a column of air is quickly cooled (usually by rain) and rapidly falls towards the Earth
Microburst
87
May exist at different places and altitudes, but be completely invisible
Clear air turbulence
88
Occurs when warm waters move in and displace the colder waters for a longer than normal period of time
El nino
89
Ocean temperature off the coast of South America is colder than normal for a longer than normal period
La nina
90
Moist and warm air mass formed over subtropical waters
Maritime tropical
91
Body of air with generally the same temperature and moisture content
Air mass
92
Boundary between two air masses
Front
93
Cold and dry air mass
Continental polar
94
Moist air is blown over a cold surface
Advection fog
95
Moist air is carried by wind up a mountain until the air is cooled
Upslope fog
96
Upslope fog
High-inversion fog
97
Forms when the land surface cools the air above it to below the dew point
Radiation fog
98
Most common types of clouds\\\\
Cumulus, stratus, cirrus

SPAATZ AEROSPACE (6 decks)

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