AEROSPACE 1,2,3,4 Flashcards by Priscilla Gatewood

How flying and walking are similar

-Need power to get going
-Need more power as load get heavier
-Need place to store power

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Escaped from prison by “donning the
work clothes of a bird.”

Legend of emperor Shun

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Built a flying chariot that had no visible means of support

Ki-kung-shi

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

100 BC Chinese invented

kite

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Attempted a flight to the Moon using a large wicker chair to which were fastened 47 large rockets

Wan Hoo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Great Italian artist, architect and man of science made the first scientific experiments in the field of aviation.

Leonardo da Vinci

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

He understood and wrote about the
importance of the center of gravity, center of
pressure and streamlining.

Leonardo da Vinci

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flying machines that are kept aloft and propelled by flapping wings

Ornithopters

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Atmospheric pressure decreases as you go

Higher

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Measures the pressure of the atmosphere

Barometer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Allowed them to study vacuums

Air pump

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Wrote about an “aerial ship.” This airship would be carried aloft by four large spheres from which all air had been removed to make them lighter than the surrounding air.

Francesco de Lana

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most important development in the first lighter than air flight

Reduced cost of printing which allowed for distribution of information

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Credited with inventing the hot-air balloon. In 1709, he demonstrated a small hot air balloon for the King of Portugal.

Laurenco de Gusmao

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Discovered a gas which he called “flammable air.’’ Later named hydrogen, this gas is important
because it is lighter than air.

Henry Cavendish

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Realized that if this light gas were enclosed in a thin bladder, it would weigh less than the surrounding air and would therefore rise

Joseph Black

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

First to fly in hot air balloon

Montgolfiers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Made the first parachute jump from a balloon flying at an altitude of 3,000 feet in 1976.

Andre-Jacques Garnerin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

First use of balloons in U.S military

Civil War

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Balloons major problem

Could not steer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

-Suggested changing the shape of a balloon from a sphere to the shape of
a football
-Suggested an envelope (container for the gas) made of several compartments and a passenger car shaped like a boat attached to the bottom of the dirigible by a system of ropes.

Jean Baptiste Meusnier

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Built a cigar-shaped dirigible 114 feet long and 39 feet in diameter. The dirigible was powered by a 3 horsepower steam engine that pushed it at a speed of about 5 mph. This dirigible is generally credited as being the first successful one in the world.

Henri Giffard

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It was not until the invention of the … that dirigibles became a real success

Internal combustion engine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Built the first dirigible powered by an internal combustion engine in 1872

Paul Haenlein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ushered in the era of the powered gasbag. His first non-rigid airship was a small vessel 82 feet long driven by a 3-horsepower gasoline motor

Alberto Santos-Dumont

Built and flew the world's first successful rigid dirigible, the LZ-1

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

Identified the forces of lift, drag and thrust. He developed the cambered (curved) upper surface on a wing to increase lift. He also worked on propellers and power plants, and developed the concept of biwinged and triwinged aircraft.

George Cayley

Developed a twisted rubber band to power workable helicopter models and to fly his planaphore. It was a 20-inch model airplane that flew 131 feet in 11 seconds.

Alphonse Penaud

Built the first manned aircraft to take off from level ground under its own power (1890). The craft looked like a huge bat and was powered by a 20-horsepower engine. Although it rose to a height of 8 inches and traveled through the air some 165 feet, it was not able to sustain flight

Clement Ader

Father of Modern Aviation

Otto Lilienthal

His major contributions to flight involved attempts at adding power to a glider. In 1896, he successfully built a steam-powered model that flew for 3/4 of a mile before it ran out of fuel.

Samuel Pierpont Langley

2 advantages the wright brothers had

-Access to knowledge from people before them -Lived in time when first practical powerplant was developed

Date and time of first heavier than air controlled flight

10:35 am, December 17th, 1903

Built two sets of wings so his son could escape inprisonment

Daedalus

First man to lose his life by a powered airplane

Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge

"Fastest Man on Earth" when he set the motorcycle speed record of 136.3 mph

Glenn Curtiss

First U.S President to fly

Theodore Roosevelt

First pilot to cross from coast to coast in the U.S

Calbraith Perry Rodgers

Americas first licensed female pilot

Harriet Quimby

First woman to fly solo across the English channel

Harriet Quimby

Flew first powered airplane in Europe

Alberto Santos-Dumont

Built worlds first powered monoplane

Louis Bleriot

Reasons for multi-engine aircraft

-Increase power -Improve reliability and safety

Designed first 4 engine aircraft

Igor Sikorsky

Air-cooled engine with the cylinders arranged in a radial (round) fashion. The cylinders had cooling fins that helped bleed the heat into the surrounding air.

Gnome

Fastening the crankshaft solidly to the airframe, and allowing the engine and the attached propeller to spin around the fixed crankshaft

Rotary engines

Successfully flew a model helicopter powered by steam jets at the rotor tips.

W. H. Phillips

The world's first regularly scheduled airline service using heavier-than air craft was started in the United States

January 1st 1914 "St. Petersburg - Tampa Airboat Line"

Only company in the united states that was considered aviation industry

Curtiss Aircraft

Built a wright style glider with alierons to replace wing warping

Robert Esnault-Pelterie

First international air meet was held in

Rheims, France

The period after WWI and before WWII

The golden age of aviation

First attempt to cross the atlantic

1919 United States Navy flying three new Curtiss flying boats

First nonstop cross of the atlantic

Captain John Alcock and Lieutenant Arthur Whitten Brown

Ex-military aviators who flew war-surplus aircraft

Barnstormers

She not only ran her own "flying circus" but went on to become the first female licensed transport pilot in the United States

Phoebe Fairgrave Omlie

First licensed black female pilot

Bessie Coleman

huge ship that had been called “unsinkable" by naval experts (Mitchell sank it)

Ostfriesland

Planes used in 1924 trip around the world (cities)

Seattle Boston Chicago New Orleans

First mid-air refuleing

August 1923

Demonstrated that Army aircraft located anywhere in the United States could be flown to any other location in the country in less than 1 day

June 23, 1924, Army Lieutenant Russell Maughan

First demonstration of paratroops

September of 1929, Sergeant Edwin Nickles and a squad of 17 men jumped from nine DH-4s and landed safely on the ground 3,000 feet below

Won first Pulitzer Trophy Race

Captain Corliss Mosley

Last winner of Pulitzer Trophy Race

Cy Bellis

Established a trophy to encourage faster land-based aircraft

Charles E. Thompson

Established a world record for seaplanes of 440.68 mph

MC-72

The first cross-country competition for women

Women's Air Derby

This organization, dedicated to the improvement of women's opportunities in aviation, included the leading female pilots from all nations. This organization still exists today

Ninetey - Nines

The Post Office Department started air mail service in the United States on

May 15 1918

This act established the Aeronautics Branch within the Department of Commerce. It provided for the first federal safety regulation of aviation for both pilots and aircraft. The Aeronautics Branch was authorized to license all planes and pilots, establish and enforce air traffic rules, develop navigational facilities, map airways, furnish flight information, investigate accidents, and provide aviation safety through assistance and guidance to civil aviation.

Air Commerce Act

President Roosevelt signed into law the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938. This law combined both economic and safety regulations into one independent agency called the...

Civil Aeronautics Authority

First aviator to cross the Atlantic nonstop from New York to Paris

Charles A. Lindbergh

She became the first woman passenger to fly across the Atlantic

Amelia Earhart

First woman to make a solo transatlantic flight

Amelia Earhart

First long range bomber the army air corps owned

B-17

This program created a great reserve supply of pilots that could be used in a serious national emergency

Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP)

First African-American to be promoted to General Officer in the United States Air Force

Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis

Transcontinental speed race aka

Bendix Race

Formed an organization called the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

Woodrow Wilson

Developed the first practical helicopter

Igor Sikorsky

Restricted Germany from developing any type of military aircraft

The Treaty of Versailles

The famous aerial defense of England

Battle of Britain

Known as combined arms operations because the army and the air forces are used in combination with each other

"Blitzkrieg" (lightning war)

Former racecar driver before becoming Americas WWI Ace

Eddie Rickenbacker

Commanded first mass air bombing

Billy Mitchell

First Attempt to standardize and regulate commercial aviation

Air Commerce Act of 1926

Authorized a thorough study of commercial aviation

Air Mail Act of 1934

Unified the economic and safety regulations of the entire field of aviation

Air Mail Act of 1938

Allowed the contractor to be paid 80% of the air mail revenue

Air Mail Act of 1925

Wings having a front and a rear spar, with connecting ribs, were developed by

John Stringfellow

First nonstop flight accross the united states

Lieutenant Oakley Kelly and Lieutenant John Macready