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spaatz aerospace > AEROSPACE 1,2,3,4 > Flashcards

AEROSPACE 1,2,3,4 Flashcards

1
Q

How flying and walking are similar

A

-Need power to get going
-Need more power as load get heavier
-Need place to store power

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2
Q

Escaped from prison by “donning the
work clothes of a bird.”

A

Legend of emperor Shun

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3
Q

Built a flying chariot that had no visible means of support

A

Ki-kung-shi

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4
Q

100 BC Chinese invented

A

kite

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5
Q

Attempted a flight to the Moon using a large wicker chair to which were fastened 47 large rockets

A

Wan Hoo

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6
Q

Great Italian artist, architect and man of science made the first scientific experiments in the field of aviation.

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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7
Q

He understood and wrote about the
importance of the center of gravity, center of
pressure and streamlining.

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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8
Q

Flying machines that are kept aloft and propelled by flapping wings

A

Ornithopters

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9
Q

Atmospheric pressure decreases as you go

A

Higher

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10
Q

Measures the pressure of the atmosphere

A

Barometer

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11
Q

Allowed them to study vacuums

A

Air pump

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12
Q

Wrote about an “aerial ship.” This airship would be carried aloft by four large spheres from which all air had been removed to make them lighter than the surrounding air.

A

Francesco de Lana

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13
Q

Most important development in the first lighter than air flight

A

Reduced cost of printing which allowed for distribution of information

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14
Q

Credited with inventing the hot-air balloon. In 1709, he demonstrated a small hot air balloon for the King of Portugal.

A

Laurenco de Gusmao

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15
Q

Discovered a gas which he called “flammable air.’’ Later named hydrogen, this gas is important
because it is lighter than air.

A

Henry Cavendish

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16
Q

Realized that if this light gas were enclosed in a thin bladder, it would weigh less than the surrounding air and would therefore rise

A

Joseph Black

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17
Q

First to fly in hot air balloon

A

Montgolfiers

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18
Q

Made the first parachute jump from a balloon flying at an altitude of 3,000 feet in 1976.

A

Andre-Jacques Garnerin

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19
Q

First use of balloons in U.S military

A

Civil War

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20
Q

Balloons major problem

A

Could not steer

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21
Q

-Suggested changing the shape of a balloon from a sphere to the shape of
a football
-Suggested an envelope (container for the gas) made of several compartments and a passenger car shaped like a boat attached to the bottom of the dirigible by a system of ropes.

A

Jean Baptiste Meusnier

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22
Q

Built a cigar-shaped dirigible 114 feet long and 39 feet in diameter. The dirigible was powered by a 3 horsepower steam engine that pushed it at a speed of about 5 mph. This dirigible is generally credited as being the first successful one in the world.

A

Henri Giffard

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23
Q

It was not until the invention of the … that dirigibles became a real success

A

Internal combustion engine

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24
Q

Built the first dirigible powered by an internal combustion engine in 1872

A

Paul Haenlein

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25
Q

Ushered in the era of the powered gasbag. His first non-rigid airship was a small vessel 82 feet long driven by a 3-horsepower gasoline motor

A

Alberto Santos-Dumont

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26
Q

Built and flew the world’s first successful rigid dirigible, the LZ-1

A

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

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27
Q

Identified the forces of lift, drag and thrust. He developed the cambered (curved) upper surface on a wing to increase lift. He also worked on propellers and power plants, and developed the concept of biwinged and triwinged aircraft.

A

George Cayley

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28
Q

Developed a twisted rubber band to power workable helicopter models and to fly his planaphore. It was a 20-inch model airplane that flew 131 feet in 11 seconds.

A

Alphonse Penaud

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29
Q

Built the first manned aircraft to take off from level ground under its own power (1890). The craft looked like a huge bat and was powered by a 20-horsepower engine. Although it rose to a height of 8 inches and traveled through the air some 165 feet, it was not able to sustain flight

A

Clement Ader

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30
Q

Father of Modern Aviation

A

Otto Lilienthal

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31
Q

His major contributions to flight involved attempts at adding power to a glider. In 1896, he successfully built a steam-powered model that flew for 3/4 of a mile before it ran out of fuel.

A

Samuel Pierpont Langley

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32
Q

2 advantages the wright brothers had

A

-Access to knowledge from people before them
-Lived in time when first practical powerplant was developed

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33
Q

Date and time of first heavier than air controlled flight

A

10:35 am, December 17th, 1903

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34
Q

Built two sets of wings so his son could escape inprisonment

A

Daedalus

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35
Q

First man to lose his life by a powered airplane

A

Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge

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36
Q

“Fastest Man on Earth” when he set the motorcycle speed record of 136.3 mph

A

Glenn Curtiss

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37
Q

First U.S President to fly

A

Theodore Roosevelt

38
Q

First pilot to cross from coast to coast in the U.S

A

Calbraith Perry Rodgers

39
Q

Americas first licensed female pilot

A

Harriet Quimby

40
Q

First woman to fly solo across the English channel

A

Harriet Quimby

41
Q

Flew first powered airplane in Europe

A

Alberto Santos-Dumont

42
Q

Built worlds first powered monoplane

A

Louis Bleriot

43
Q

Reasons for multi-engine aircraft

A

-Increase power
-Improve reliability and safety

44
Q

Designed first 4 engine aircraft

A

Igor Sikorsky

45
Q

Air-cooled engine with the cylinders arranged in a radial (round) fashion. The cylinders had cooling fins that helped bleed the heat into the surrounding air.

A

Gnome

46
Q

Fastening the crankshaft solidly to the airframe, and allowing the engine and the attached propeller to spin around the fixed crankshaft

A

Rotary engines

47
Q

Successfully flew a model helicopter powered by steam jets at the rotor tips.

A

W. H. Phillips

48
Q

The world’s first regularly scheduled airline service using heavier-than air craft was started in the United States

A

January 1st 1914 “St. Petersburg - Tampa Airboat Line”

49
Q

Only company in the united states that was considered aviation industry

A

Curtiss Aircraft

50
Q

Built a wright style glider with alierons to replace wing warping

A

Robert Esnault-Pelterie

51
Q

First international air meet was held in

A

Rheims, France

52
Q

The period after WWI and before WWII

A

The golden age of aviation

53
Q

First attempt to cross the atlantic

A

1919 United States Navy flying three new Curtiss
flying boats

54
Q

First nonstop cross of the atlantic

A

Captain John Alcock and Lieutenant Arthur Whitten Brown

55
Q

Ex-military aviators who flew war-surplus aircraft

A

Barnstormers

56
Q

She not only ran her own “flying circus” but went on to become the first female licensed transport pilot in the United States

A

Phoebe Fairgrave Omlie

57
Q

First licensed black female pilot

A

Bessie Coleman

58
Q

huge ship that had been called “unsinkable” by naval experts (Mitchell sank it)

A

Ostfriesland

59
Q

Planes used in 1924 trip around the world (cities)

A

Seattle
Boston
Chicago
New Orleans

60
Q

First mid-air refuleing

A

August 1923

61
Q

Demonstrated that Army aircraft located anywhere in the United States could be flown to any other location in the country in less than 1 day

A

June 23, 1924, Army Lieutenant Russell Maughan

62
Q

First demonstration of paratroops

A

September of 1929, Sergeant Edwin Nickles and a squad of 17 men jumped from nine DH-4s and landed safely on the ground 3,000 feet below

63
Q

Won first Pulitzer Trophy Race

A

Captain Corliss Mosley

64
Q

Last winner of Pulitzer Trophy Race

A

Cy Bellis

65
Q

Established a trophy to encourage
faster land-based aircraft

A

Charles E. Thompson

66
Q

Established a world record for seaplanes of 440.68 mph

A

MC-72

67
Q

The first cross-country competition for women

A

Women’s Air Derby

68
Q

This organization, dedicated to the improvement of women’s opportunities in aviation, included the leading female pilots from all nations. This organization still exists today

A

Ninetey - Nines

69
Q

The Post Office Department started air mail service in the United States on

A

May 15 1918

70
Q

This act established the Aeronautics Branch within the Department of Commerce. It provided for the first federal safety regulation of aviation for both pilots and aircraft. The Aeronautics Branch was authorized to license all planes and pilots, establish and enforce air traffic rules, develop navigational facilities, map airways, furnish flight information, investigate accidents, and provide aviation safety through assistance and guidance to civil aviation.

A

Air Commerce Act

71
Q

President Roosevelt signed into law the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938. This law combined both economic and safety regulations into one independent agency called the…

A

Civil Aeronautics Authority

72
Q

First aviator to cross the Atlantic nonstop from New York to Paris

A

Charles A. Lindbergh

73
Q

She became the first woman passenger to fly across the Atlantic

A

Amelia Earhart

74
Q

First woman to make a solo transatlantic flight

A

Amelia Earhart

75
Q

First long range bomber the army air corps owned

A

B-17

76
Q

This program created a great reserve supply of pilots that could be used in a serious national
emergency

A

Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP)

77
Q

First African-American to be promoted to General Officer in the United States Air Force

A

Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis

78
Q

Transcontinental speed race aka

A

Bendix Race

79
Q

Formed an organization called the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

A

Woodrow Wilson

80
Q

Developed the first practical helicopter

A

Igor Sikorsky

81
Q

Restricted Germany from developing any type
of military aircraft

A

The Treaty of Versailles

82
Q

The famous aerial defense of England

A

Battle of Britain

83
Q

Known as combined arms operations because the army and the air forces are used in combination
with each other

A

“Blitzkrieg” (lightning war)

84
Q

Former racecar driver before becoming Americas WWI Ace

A

Eddie Rickenbacker

85
Q

Commanded first mass air bombing

A

Billy Mitchell

86
Q

First Attempt to standardize and regulate commercial aviation

A

Air Commerce Act of 1926

87
Q

Authorized a thorough study of commercial aviation

A

Air Mail Act of 1934

88
Q

Unified the economic and safety regulations of the entire field of aviation

A

Air Mail Act of 1938

89
Q

Allowed the contractor to be paid 80% of the air mail revenue

A

Air Mail Act of 1925

90
Q

Wings having a front and a rear spar, with connecting ribs, were developed by

A

John Stringfellow

91
Q

First nonstop flight accross the united states

A

Lieutenant Oakley Kelly and Lieutenant John Macready

spaatz aerospace (6 decks)

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