SPA 2/2 Flashcards
What did Volkow&O’Brien (2007) say about obesity and DSM-5?
It should be classed as a ‘food addiction’
What was Timothy Walsh’s response to Volkow&O’Brien
That there is not enough data to support obesity being in DSM-5 under anything other than ‘binge eating’, but it could be in the future
What did Flegal et al. (2002) find about obesity rates in the last decade?
50% increase i overall obesity rates
What did Rennie&Jeb (2005) find about obesity in UK adults?
The rates of adult obesity in the UK tripled from 1980-2002
What did Luo&Hu (2002) find about rates of obesity in children in China?
Rates of obesity in young children increased over 800% from 1989-1997
What did Lorenzini (2014) discover about healthy weight?
There is a wide range in healthy weights but extremes either way can be dangerous
What did Stunkard et al. (1986) find about genetic factors of obesity?
Adopted children had much closer BMIs to that of biological parents than that of their adopted parents
What did Rothemund et al. (2007) find about the possible addictive nature of obesity?
Obese participants showed response in reward related regions of the brain (e.g. nucleus accumbens) when shown high calorie foods
What did Page et al.’s (2011) experiment using insulin show?
Insulin induced low blood sugar in obese and healthy participants
obese participants showed increased activation in subcortical limbic-striatal regions
When blood glucose restored only healthy participants had activity in frontal cortex telling them to ‘stop thinking’ about food
What did Lowe&Fisher (1983) find about emotions and obesity?
Obese individuals tend to have food related to their negative emotions. Non-obese people have the opposite reactions
What controversial evidence did Atkinson et al. (2005) find about obesity and contagiousness?
They compared the rates of Adenovirus 36 in obese and non-obese participants - found Ad36 in 30% of obese subjects and 11% of those not obese
What did Pascaria et al. (2008) do to test the effects of Ad36?
Injected Ad36 into adult stem cells from liposuction and found they turn into adipocytes (fat cells)
What did Riadure et al. (2013) discover about rat gut bacteria?
Infecting a twin rat with the gut bacteria of an obese rat made that rat obese
What does Ogden et al. (2006) say about the proportion of obese adults?
1/3 of US adults are now obese, 2/3 are overwight
What did Barbra Rolls et al. (1981) discover about sensory specific satiety?
Hungry students in a ‘taste’ experiment rated 4 courses with different or same sandwiches given each time. Those given different sandwiches each time ate a lot more
