South Asia

Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

1. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro 
Aryans (1500 BCE)
16 states
Then Maurya (321-185 BCE) 
Central, powerful military
Then Gupta Empire (320 – 550 CE) 
Central control w/ village gov’ts 

2. Collapse of Delhi sultanate in 1300’s
3. Centralized under Mughal
4. Mughal empire, Buhudar Shahill sent into exile
   Indian National congress
   Ghandi
   European influence
5. Nationalism
   Indian National Congress
   Push for independence (finally get after WWII)

Question 2

Economy

Answer 2

1. Active trade and communication with Sumer
   Ashoka (Maurya) promote trade with rest areas for travelers and Buddhist missionaries
   Trade with Mesopotamia – Silk, cotton, elephants
   Silk Road
2. Indian Ocean trade and
   Trade with Islamic World, China, East Africa and Persia
   Traded: cotton, silk, elephants, gems, cinnamon, and salt
3. Thrived due to cotton trade
4. European traders
   British East India Company
5. Globalization facilitate and create greater trade across the globe

Question 3

Social Class/Gender

Answer 3

1. Warrior aristocracy/ enslaved Dravidians
   Arayans stratify class – Varna – four classes
   Patriarchal
   Customs devalued women
   More isolated – purdh
2. Caste system
3. Patriarchal
   Treatment of women better under Akbar (initially) – allowed widows to remarry and intermarry between Hindus and Muslims, portray talents openly
4. More racial based
   Abolish inhumane cultural traditions (Sati)
5. Still patriarchal w/ caste system

Question 4

Science/Inventions

Answer 4

1. Pi, Zero, numerical system, medicine, astronomy, plastic surgery
2. NA
3. Gunpowder technology
4. European education promotes science/ invention
5. NA

Question 5

Art/Architecture

Answer 5

1. Paintings, temples, sculptures, courtyard
2. NA
3. Blended w/ Muslim
   Arches, domes
   Taj Mahal
4. Roads, railroads, canals
5. NA

Question 6

Empire

Answer 6

1. Indus
2. NA
3. Mughal
   Gunpowder empire
   Decline: due to opening to foreign control
4. British colony
5. After civil war: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh

Question 7

Religion

Answer 7

1. Hinduism…Buddhism
2. Islam,
   Hinduism, Buddhism
3. Islam, Buddhism… though mostly Hindu
4. Hindu, Islam, Buddhism, Christianity (though not very popular)
5. Muslim minority