Latin America

Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

1&2. - The leaders are related to divinity (priests)
- Hierarchal system

3. • Arrival of Cortes (1518)
     
     • Annihilates existing political system
     • Codified laws
4. • Colonization
     
     • Implement own government (Europeans immigrate)
     • Religion (Catholic) plays a strong influence in gov’t
5. • Decolonization
     
     • Majority rules
     • Series of juntas/dictatorships

Question 2

Economy

Answer 2

1&2. - Little trade

• Internally based
• Mostly agriculture
• Large marketplaces

3. • Cortes – trading
     
     • Encomiendas
     • Haciendas
     • Trade of crops
     • Brought beasts of burden → improved agriculture
4. • improved technology
     
     • dependent
     • Europe sucks natural resources/profits
     • monoculture
5. • Europe cannot maintain
     
     • Monoculture
     • Difficulty industrializing
     • Heavily dependent on natural resources (Venezuela)

Question 3

Socal Class/Gender

Answer 3

1&2. - priests rules

• hierarchal
• patriarchal (though women appreciated)

3. • more hierarchal (by race)
     
     • depreciation of women (European influence)
4. • Continued hierarchy
     
     • New castes created (creoles, mestizos )
5. • Society opens up
     
     • More egalitarian
     • Some meritocracy
     • Existing racism

Question 4

Science/Inventions

Answer 4

1&2. - Calendar

• No wheels
• Road system
• Chinampas

3. • medical advances (longer life span)
     
     • Wheel brought in (levers, pulleys)
     • Brought in writing system (for Incan empire)
4. • primitive anesthesia
     
     • tools for probing, incision, organ extraction
     • blood letting
     • transfer of European inventions/influenced
5. • innovation continued
     
     • beginning industrialization
     • extracting natural resources
     • science/inventions gotten through trade

Question 5

Art/Architecture

Answer 5

1&2. - Pyramids
- Religion-based

3&4. - Western/religion (Christian based) art
- Mix of original Spanish and Western art

5. • Combination of European, indigenous, and Christian arts.

Question 6

Empire

Answer 6

1&2. - Animism

• Polytheism
• Worship of nature, etc.

3. • West considered Gods
     
     • Lose belief in previous Gods
     • West brought Christianity
     • Influenced (little syncretism: superstitions created)
4. • Christianity heavily encouraged
5. • Atheism agnostics increased
     
     • Legacy of Catholicism
     • Society more free to choose religion

Question 7

Religion

Answer 7

1&2. - Animism

• Polytheism
• Worship of nature, etc.

3. • West considered Gods
     
     • Lose belief in previous Gods
     • West brought Christianity
     • Influenced (little syncretism: superstitions created)
4. • Christianity heavily encouraged
5. • Atheism agnostics increased
     
     • Legacy of Catholicism
     • Society more free to choose religion