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Certified 2020 > South Africa > Flashcards

South Africa Flashcards

1
Q

Name of important ocean current and importance

A

Benguela Current, flows north from the Antarctica and cools down the region

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2
Q

Who planted the first vineyard in SA?

A

Jan Van Riebeeck, of the Dutch East India Company. He founded Cape town and planted the first vineyard in 1652

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3
Q

What influenced the increase in quality in 1680-1690?

A

French Huguenots escaping France arrived to SA and brought winemaking knowledge to the region

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4
Q

What was “governor’s wine”?

A

Name given to Vin de Constance

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5
Q

What 3 estates was Constantia divided into?

A

Groot Constantia, Klein Constantia, and Buitenverwachting (Beyond Expectations)

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6
Q

Threats that affected winemaking during later half of 19th century

A

Powdery Mildew
Phylloxera
Root louse

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7
Q

What is the KWV?

A

Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika.

It was created to fix minimum price, determine areas of production, and establish production limits

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8
Q

When did the KWV formed?

A

1918, then formalised in 1924 by the Wine and Spirits Control Act

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9
Q

Explain the 1925-1980 period of the wine industry in SA

A

There was surplus caused by the KWV, since they were promoting larger producers even with lower quality.
Drinking habits shifted from fortified wines to table wines.
The Apartheid reduced the international interest in SA’s wines.

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10
Q

Explain the events of 1990 that supported the wine industry

A

1994: End of Apartheid
1997: KWV became a private company

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11
Q

What is the SAWIT?

A

South African Wine Industry Trust, founded in 1999

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12
Q

What is the name of the appellation system in SA?

A

WO, Wine of Origin

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13
Q

What is the SAWIS?

A

South African Wine Industry Information and Systems

It offers quality certifications to winemakers

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14
Q

Current SA’s production

A

900 million litres per year

400 million litres exported per year

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15
Q

Current SA’s position in wine producing ranking

A

9th in the world

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16
Q

When was the WO system introduced?

A

1973

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17
Q

Basic production regulations

A

Varietal> 85%
Vintage> 85%
Area> 100%

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18
Q

May blend wines list their varietals in SA?

A

Yes, if the vinification was done separately and each grape comprises at least 20% of the wine

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19
Q

How does the WO system evaluates wines?

A

Tasting for varietal’s profile

Chemical test

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20
Q

Order of production areas

A

Geographical Unit
Region
District
Ward

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21
Q

May a vineyard be listed on the label?

A

Yes, if 100% of the grapes come from that vineyard and it is of less than 6 hectares

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22
Q

Is the certification process mandatory?

A

No, but neither vintage, area nor varietal may be labelled if not certified

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23
Q

What is the IPW?

A

Integrated Production of Wine Scheme

A voluntary means of certification for WO producers who decide to comply with sustainable practices

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24
Q

What guidelines does the IPW set?

A

Agricultural, manufacturing, and packaging practices
(worker safety measures, handling of wastewater, carbon emissions, use of pesticides and other chemicals, and vineyard biodiversity)

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25
Q

GIs of SA

A 
Western Cape
Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
Kwazulu-Natal
Limpopo
Free Estate
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26
Q

Districts within Northern Cape

A

Douglas District

Sutherland-Karoo District

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27
Q

Wards within Northern Cape

A

Hartswater
Central Orange River
Prieska

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28
Q

Wards within Eastern Cape

A

St. Francis Bay

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29
Q

Districts within Kwazulu-Natal

A

Central Drakensberg

Lions River District

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30
Q

Wards within Limpopo

A

None

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31
Q

Wards within Free Estate

A

Rietrivier FS

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32
Q

Western Cape’s climate

A

Mediterranean

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33
Q

What is the Cape Doctor?

A

A strong south-easterly wind that blows across the Western Cape throughout the spring and summer, inhibiting fungal disease and moderating temperature—but also ferociously battering the vines

34
Q

Where is the coolest climate in SA located?

A

Western Cape’s southernmost district, Cape Agulhas

35
Q

Where are the hottest areas located?

A

In the Northern Cape region, alongside the Orange River. Mainly bulk wines

36
Q

Local name for Chenin Blanc

A

Steen

37
Q

MPGV White

A

Chenin Blanc / Steen > 18% of vineyards

38
Q

Important white varieties

A 
Chardonnay
SB
Muscat of Alexandria (Hanepoot)
Colombard
Muscadel (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)
Viognier
Semillon
39
Q

Local name for Muscat of Alexandria

A

Hanepoot

40
Q

Who developed Pinotage?

A

Professor Abraham Perold, 1924

41
Q

MPGV Red

A

Cab Sauv

42
Q

Important red varieties

A 
Pinotage
Merlot
Cab Franc
Cinsault
Pinot Noir
Shiraz
Pontac
43
Q

Describe Pontac

A

Red “teinturier” grape linked to the wines of Constantia

44
Q

Name given to local traditional method sparkling wines of SA

A

MCC > Methode Cap Classique

45
Q

GV used for MCC production

A

Pinot Noir

Chardonnay

46
Q

Types of fortified wines produced in SA

A 
Cape Port (changed name to Cape Tawny/Ruby in 2012)
Sherry
47
Q

Districts within Coastal Region

A 
Stellenbosch
Cape Town
Paarl
Tulbagh
Darling
Franschhoek Valley (previously a ward within Paarl)
Lutzville Valley
Wellington (previously a ward within Paarl)
Swartland
48
Q

Wards within Cape Town

A

Constantia
Hout Bay
Durbanville
Philadelphia

49
Q

Why is Constantia an ideal place for sweet wines?

A

Cool sea breezes blow northward from False Bay, promoting a lengthy growing season

50
Q

Nickname for Stellenbosch

A

Town of Oaks

51
Q

Soil type in Stellenbosch

A

Alluvial loam over shale on the valley floors to decomposed granite and sandstone on the hillsides

52
Q

MPGV in Stellenbosch

A

Cab Sauv

Sauv Blanc

53
Q

Climate in Stellenbosch

A

Maritime influenced, similar to Bordeaux but warmer

54
Q

Main producers of Stellenbosch

A 
Warwick Estate
Meerlust
Kanonkop (Pinotage)
Rust en Vrede
Neil Ellis
55
Q

Wards within Stellenbosch

A 
Devon Valley
Jonkershoek Valley
Papegaaiberg
Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
Bottelary
Banghoek
Polkadraai Hills
56
Q

Paarl’s largest producer

A

Nederburg

57
Q

What was the first house to produce a sweet botrytised wine in SA?

A

Nederburg

58
Q

Where is Tulbagh located?

A

North of Paarl

59
Q

What type of wine is produced in Tulbagh? Why?

A

MCC

Its high altitude creates a significant diurnal T range,

60
Q

What is Boberg?

A

A region that used to be authorised for the production of fortified wines until 2019

61
Q

Districts within Breede River Valley region

A

Robertson
Worcester
Breedeklof
**Swellendam (belongs to Cape South Coast region since 2010)

62
Q

What is the largest producing district in SA?

A

Worcester

63
Q

What wines is Robertson known for?

A

MCC and reds (Shiraz)

64
Q

Districts within Klein Karoo region

A

Langeberg-Garcia

Calitzdorp

65
Q

What wines are produced in Klein Karoo region?

A

Fortified and sweet mainly

66
Q

Main grapes of Klein Karoo

A

Muscat

Tinta Barroca

67
Q

Districts within Olifants River region

A

Citrusdal Mountain

Citrusdal Valley

68
Q

Where is Olifants River region located?

A

North of Swartland

69
Q

What’s the name of SA’s largest co-op winery? Where is it located?

A

Vredendal, based in Olifants River region

70
Q

Main GV of Olifants River

A

Colombard

Chenin Blanc

71
Q

Where are SA’s highest elevation vineyards located?

A

Cederberg, located east of Olifants River (unofficail ward)

72
Q

Districts within Cape South Coast Region

A 
Overberg
Elgin
Lower Duivenhoks River
Walker Bay
Cape Agulhas
Plettenberg Bay
Swellendam
73
Q

Wards within Overberg

A 
Klein River
Theewater
Elandskloof
Greyton
**Elgin used to be a ward but it received district status in 2012
74
Q

Main GVs of Overberg/Elgin

A

SB
Pinot Noir
Riesling (named Weissner Riesling to differentiate it from Cape Riesling)

75
Q

Climate of Overberg/Elgin

A

Cool maritime

76
Q

Describe Lower Duivenhoks River

A

One of SA’s smallest districts, located outside Elgin at the base of Klein River Mountains, known for Chardonnay, PN, SB and Syrah production

77
Q

What district is known as a destination for whale-watching?

A

Walker Bay

78
Q

Main GVs in Walker Bay

A

PN
Chard
Pinotage

79
Q

Name the producer who pioneered Burgundy grapes in Walker Bay

A

Hamilton Russell Winery

80
Q

Wards within Walker Bay

A

7 in total, main ones are:
Bot River
Hemel-en-Aarde

81
Q

Ward within Cape Agulhas

A

Elim

82
Q

Main GV in Cape Agulhas

A

SB
Semillon
Shiraz

Certified 2020 (33 decks)

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