Fortified Wines

Question 1

Min ageing for Estufagem wines

Answer 1

2 years

Question 2

Name of the rooms used instead of Estufas for Estufagem Method

Answer 2

Armazens de Calor

Question 3

Levels of Marsala according to ageing

Answer 3

Fine
Superiore
Superiore Riserva
Vergine
Vergine Stravecchio

Question 4

Main GVs used for Marsala

Answer 4

Grillo, Catarrato, Inzolia

Perricone, Calabrese, Nerello

Question 5

Describe 3 colours of Marsala

Answer 5

Ambra
Oro
Rufino

Question 6

Describe Levante

Answer 6

Hot wind in Jerez

Blows from east to west

Question 7

Describe Poniente

Answer 7

Humid atlantic wind in Jerez
Blows from west to east
Promotes the growth of flor

Question 8

Soil type in Jerez

Answer 8

Albariza
Barros
Arena

Question 9

Authorised GVs in Jerez

Answer 9

Palomino
Moscatel
PX

Question 10

Where can sherry producers buy PX must from?

Answer 10

Montilla-Moriles DO

Question 11

Describe VORS

Answer 11

Vinum Optimum Rare Signatum
Very Old Rare Sherry
Solera > Avergade 30 years
For every litre > 30 must remain

Question 12

Second classification for Palo wines

Answer 12

Palma
Palma Cortada
Palo Cortado
Raya
Dos Rayas

Question 13

3 towns that constitute the Sherry production area

Answer 13

Jerez de la Frontera
Puerto de Santa Maria
Sanlucar de Barrameda

Question 14

What is added to Marsala to adjust its colour and sweetness?

Answer 14

Mosto Cotto

Sifone

Question 15

Describe Vino Dulce Natural

Answer 15

Varietal wines produced from sunned Moscatel and PX grapes

Question 16

Describe “desfangado”

Answer 16

Racking process used to clarify sherry must before fermentation

Question 17

What specific conditions does flor need?

Answer 17

Humid air
Oxygen contact
ABV between 15-15.5%
15-21 C
Absence of fermentable sugars

Question 18

Sweetening agents used for Sherry

Answer 18

Dulce Pasa
Dulce Almibar
Mistela

Question 19

Max amount of juice allowed to be extracted from sherry grapes

Answer 19

72.5 L x 100 kg

Question 20

Minimum solera ageing for sherry

Answer 20

2 years

Question 21

What sherry types may apply for VOS-VORS?

Answer 21

Amontillado
Oloroso
Palo Cortado
PX

Question 22

Describe VOS

Answer 22

Vinum Optimum Signatum
Very Old Sherry
Solera wines average age over 20 years
For every litre drown, 20 must remain

Question 23

Main white GVs for Port

Answer 23

Gouvelo, Malvasia Fina, Esgana Cao

Question 24

Portuguese term for fortification in Port

Answer 24

Beneficio

Question 25

Key port producers

Answer 25

Taylor's, Warre's, Quinta do Noval, Fonseca, Niepoort

Question 26

List varietal Madeira from driest to sweetest

Answer 26

Sercial Verdelho Boal Malvasia

Question 27

Describe rainwater wine

Answer 27

100% Tinta Negra Madeira | Medium dry, light

Question 28

Describe levels of multi-vintage Madeira

Answer 28

- Seleccionado: 3-5 years, Tinta Negra, estufagem, aged in tank - Reserve: 5-10 years - Special reserve: 10-15 years, single GV, Canteiro - Extra reserve: 15-20 years - Solera: Canteiro

Question 29

Ageing period for Madeira Seleccionado

Answer 29

3-5 years

Question 30

Ageing period for Madeira Reserve

Answer 30

5-10 years

Question 31

Ageing period and characteristics of Madeira Special Reserve

Answer 31

10-15 years, single GV, canteiro

Question 32

Ageing period and characteristics of Madeira Extra Reserve

Answer 32

15-20 years, single GV, canteiro

Question 33

Describe Colheita Madeira

Answer 33

Single vintage (85%) Min 5 years ageing before bottling Single GV or blend Word harvest can be used instead of Colheita, but the term "vintage" is not allowed

Question 34

Min ageing for Canteiro wines

Answer 34

3 years

Question 35

Describe Generoso liqueur

Answer 35

Blend of Generoso wine + a sweetening agent

Question 36

What product is used to fortify Madeira?

Answer 36

95% ABV grape spirit from France

Question 37

Describe Colheita Tawny Port

Answer 37

Vintage dated, mint 7 years in cask

Question 38

Name of barrels used for Port | Size

Answer 38

Pipes Between 550 - 620 L For shipping 534 L

Question 39

Who regulates Madeira production?

Answer 39

Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira

Question 40

Name the 3 types of companies involved in Madeira production

Answer 40

Production Shipping Partidistas

Question 41

Where may Madeira be produced

Answer 41

Madeira | Porto Santo

Question 42

Training system in Madeira

Answer 42

Pergola

Question 43

Main red GVs for Port

Answer 43

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinca Cao

Question 44

Min percentage of red grapes for Port

Answer 44

60%

Question 45

Describe "Lei do Terco"

Answer 45

Decree that restricts sales of Port to 1/3 of a house total stock annually

Question 46

Describe Ruby Port

Answer 46

2-3 years of ageing before bottling

Question 47

Describe Single Quinta Vintage Port

Answer 47

Single vintage + Single estate | Must be bottled by July 30th of the 3rd year after the harvest

Question 48

Describe vintage Port

Answer 48

Must be authorised by the IVDP Aged in cask Must be bottled by July 30th of the 3rd year after the harvest Requires decanting

Question 49

Describe LBV Port

Answer 49

Between 4-6 years in cask before bottling Single vintage Filtered before bottling (no decanting) Will reach maturity in bottle sooner than vintage port

Question 50

What is "envelhecido em garrafa" Port?

Answer 50

An LBV Port with an additional min of 3 years of bottle ageing

Question 51

Describe Reserve Tawny Port

Answer 51

Aged for at least 7 years before bottling | Blended from several vintages

Question 52

GVs used for Madeira

Answer 52

``` Sercial Verdelho Boal Malmsey Tinta Negra ```

Question 53

Describe Frasqueiras

Answer 53

Madeira wine of premium level, aged for more than 20 years, heated through Canteiro process

Question 54

Subzones in Douro

Answer 54

Baixo Corgo Cime Corgo Douro Superior

Question 55

List all generoso wines

Answer 55

``` Fino Amontillado Oloroso Man. Fina Man. Pasada Man. Olorosa ```

Question 56

Best Port vintages

Answer 56

``` 2007 1994 1985 1970 1963 ```

Question 57

How does the IVDP decide the beneficio authorization?

Answer 57

Based on 12 factors: - 7 soil/climate related - 5 vine related

Question 58

Who regulates Port production?

Answer 58

Douro Port Wine Institute or Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP)

Question 59

Where was Port originally aged?

Answer 59

Villa Nova de Gaia, Oporto