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Certified 2020 > Fortified Wines > Flashcards

Fortified Wines Flashcards

1
Q

Min ageing for Estufagem wines

A

2 years

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2
Q

Name of the rooms used instead of Estufas for Estufagem Method

A

Armazens de Calor

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3
Q

Levels of Marsala according to ageing

A 
Fine
Superiore
Superiore Riserva
Vergine
Vergine Stravecchio
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4
Q

Main GVs used for Marsala

A

Grillo, Catarrato, Inzolia

Perricone, Calabrese, Nerello

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5
Q

Describe 3 colours of Marsala

A

Ambra
Oro
Rufino

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6
Q

Describe Levante

A

Hot wind in Jerez

Blows from east to west

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7
Q

Describe Poniente

A

Humid atlantic wind in Jerez
Blows from west to east
Promotes the growth of flor

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8
Q

Soil type in Jerez

A

Albariza
Barros
Arena

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9
Q

Authorised GVs in Jerez

A

Palomino
Moscatel
PX

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10
Q

Where can sherry producers buy PX must from?

A

Montilla-Moriles DO

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11
Q

Describe VORS

A

Vinum Optimum Rare Signatum
Very Old Rare Sherry
Solera > Avergade 30 years
For every litre > 30 must remain

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12
Q

Second classification for Palo wines

A 
Palma
Palma Cortada
Palo Cortado
Raya
Dos Rayas
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13
Q

3 towns that constitute the Sherry production area

A

Jerez de la Frontera
Puerto de Santa Maria
Sanlucar de Barrameda

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14
Q

What is added to Marsala to adjust its colour and sweetness?

A

Mosto Cotto

Sifone

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15
Q

Describe Vino Dulce Natural

A

Varietal wines produced from sunned Moscatel and PX grapes

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16
Q

Describe “desfangado”

A

Racking process used to clarify sherry must before fermentation

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17
Q

What specific conditions does flor need?

A 
Humid air
Oxygen contact
ABV between 15-15.5%
15-21 C
Absence of fermentable sugars
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18
Q

Sweetening agents used for Sherry

A

Dulce Pasa
Dulce Almibar
Mistela

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19
Q

Max amount of juice allowed to be extracted from sherry grapes

A

72.5 L x 100 kg

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20
Q

Minimum solera ageing for sherry

A

2 years

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21
Q

What sherry types may apply for VOS-VORS?

A

Amontillado
Oloroso
Palo Cortado
PX

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22
Q

Describe VOS

A

Vinum Optimum Signatum
Very Old Sherry
Solera wines average age over 20 years
For every litre drown, 20 must remain

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23
Q

Main white GVs for Port

A

Gouvelo, Malvasia Fina, Esgana Cao

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24
Q

Portuguese term for fortification in Port

A

Beneficio

25
Q

Key port producers

A

Taylor’s, Warre’s, Quinta do Noval, Fonseca, Niepoort

26
Q

List varietal Madeira from driest to sweetest

A

Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malvasia

27
Q

Describe rainwater wine

A

100% Tinta Negra Madeira

Medium dry, light

28
Q

Describe levels of multi-vintage Madeira

A
  • Seleccionado: 3-5 years, Tinta Negra, estufagem, aged in tank
  • Reserve: 5-10 years
  • Special reserve: 10-15 years, single GV, Canteiro
  • Extra reserve: 15-20 years
  • Solera: Canteiro
29
Q

Ageing period for Madeira Seleccionado

A

3-5 years

30
Q

Ageing period for Madeira Reserve

A

5-10 years

31
Q

Ageing period and characteristics of Madeira Special Reserve

A

10-15 years, single GV, canteiro

32
Q

Ageing period and characteristics of Madeira Extra Reserve

A

15-20 years, single GV, canteiro

33
Q

Describe Colheita Madeira

A

Single vintage (85%)
Min 5 years ageing before bottling
Single GV or blend
Word harvest can be used instead of Colheita, but the term “vintage” is not allowed

34
Q

Min ageing for Canteiro wines

A

3 years

35
Q

Describe Generoso liqueur

A

Blend of Generoso wine + a sweetening agent

36
Q

What product is used to fortify Madeira?

A

95% ABV grape spirit from France

37
Q

Describe Colheita Tawny Port

A

Vintage dated, mint 7 years in cask

38
Q

Name of barrels used for Port

Size

A

Pipes
Between 550 - 620 L
For shipping 534 L

39
Q

Who regulates Madeira production?

A

Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira

40
Q

Name the 3 types of companies involved in Madeira production

A

Production
Shipping
Partidistas

41
Q

Where may Madeira be produced

A

Madeira

Porto Santo

42
Q

Training system in Madeira

A

Pergola

43
Q

Main red GVs for Port

A

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinca Cao

44
Q

Min percentage of red grapes for Port

A

60%

45
Q

Describe “Lei do Terco”

A

Decree that restricts sales of Port to 1/3 of a house total stock annually

46
Q

Describe Ruby Port

A

2-3 years of ageing before bottling

47
Q

Describe Single Quinta Vintage Port

A

Single vintage + Single estate

Must be bottled by July 30th of the 3rd year after the harvest

48
Q

Describe vintage Port

A

Must be authorised by the IVDP
Aged in cask
Must be bottled by July 30th of the 3rd year after the harvest
Requires decanting

49
Q

Describe LBV Port

A

Between 4-6 years in cask before bottling
Single vintage
Filtered before bottling (no decanting)
Will reach maturity in bottle sooner than vintage port

50
Q

What is “envelhecido em garrafa” Port?

A

An LBV Port with an additional min of 3 years of bottle ageing

51
Q

Describe Reserve Tawny Port

A

Aged for at least 7 years before bottling

Blended from several vintages

52
Q

GVs used for Madeira

A 
Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malmsey
Tinta Negra
53
Q

Describe Frasqueiras

A

Madeira wine of premium level, aged for more than 20 years, heated through Canteiro process

54
Q

Subzones in Douro

A

Baixo Corgo
Cime Corgo
Douro Superior

55
Q

List all generoso wines

A 
Fino 
Amontillado
Oloroso
Man. Fina
Man. Pasada
Man. Olorosa
56
Q

Best Port vintages

A 
2007
1994
1985
1970
1963
57
Q

How does the IVDP decide the beneficio authorization?

A

Based on 12 factors:

  • 7 soil/climate related
  • 5 vine related
58
Q

Who regulates Port production?

A

Douro Port Wine Institute or
Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto
(IVDP)

59
Q

Where was Port originally aged?

A

Villa Nova de Gaia, Oporto

Certified 2020 (33 decks)

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