Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ENR Biweekly 2 > Sos- normal breast physiology and malignant disorders > Flashcards

Sos- normal breast physiology and malignant disorders Flashcards

1
Q

functional unit of breast

A

terminal duct lobular units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____ does NOT determine function

A

size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

around the time of _____, nipples and duct system develop along milk line

A

birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Once ovulation and menstruation begins the breast forms mature ______ glands

A

secretory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

during ____, breasts are capable of milk secretion and become hyperplastic

A

pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Estrogen and progesterone have decreased allowing for breast atrophy; increase in fat

A

menopause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A

A. fibrous (me)
B. hyperplastic glands (pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A

older female
apoptosis of connective tissue
increase in adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A

Polythelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

possible difficulty w/ breast feeding but have contraptions to help

A

inverted nipple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

about ___ lobes per breast

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are within the lobes

A

lobules and many terminal duct lobular units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

can be stretched and retract skin due to mass

A

cooper’s (suspensory) ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

70 yr old nun hits your kid and ends up with winged scapula, what did she injure

A

Long Thoracic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

temporary collecting place for milk

A

lactiferous sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

single layer of cuboidal cells that express milk in the duct

A

acini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

bottom of picture

A

terminal duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

on outside

A

acini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

acini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

in males; bilateral
hypertrophy/hyperplasia of ducts and adipose tissue
due to imbalance of estrogen and testosterone
(Leydig cell tumor can cause this in adults)

A

Gynecomastia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

only part of breasts that men have

A

terminal duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

can be a moveable mass
tender w/ possible clear nipple discharge
benign

A

breast solitary cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

often bilateral and changes around menstrual cycle; benign
fluid filled cysts, fibroplasia, adenosis

A

fibrocystic change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

if atypical hyperplasia is found in fibrocystic change, increased chance of what

A

cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

trauma related
seatbelt injury/ball to chest

A

fat necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
A

fat necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Histology:
Coagulative and fat necrosis
Acute and chronic inflammation
Fibrosis

A

fat necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

stain for macrophages

A

CD68+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

often during breast feeding
redness and swelling of nipple
inflammation

A

mastitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

alveoli and stroma undergo hyperplasia/hypertrophy

A

lactating mammary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

L and R
mom is lactating

A

L: normal
R: lactating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

benign
on a stalk
hyperplasia of cells that line the ducts/sinuses of the nipple

A

intraductal papilloma

34
Q
A

intraductal papilloma

35
Q

painless firm easily moved benign mass
15-35 yrs

A

fibroadenoma

36
Q

increase in fibrous tissue around the glands squeeze them into strange structures; always look the same

A

Fibroadenoma

37
Q

men and women
“leaf like pattern”
large mass on imaging

A

Phyllodes Tumor

38
Q
A

Phyllodes Tumor

39
Q

40-60
slow growing
does not become cancer

A

breast lipoma

40
Q
A

normal duct

41
Q
A

hyperplasia

42
Q
A

dysplasia (breast intraepithelial neoplasia)

43
Q
A

carcinoma in situ (breast intraepithelial neoplasia)

44
Q
A

invasive carcinoma

45
Q

requires hormones for growth such as estrogen, progesterone and Her2

A

breast cancer

46
Q

family history
BRCA 1 and 2 mutations
no babies (nulliparity)

A

breast cancer risks

47
Q

cells of mammary gland that are most commonly where cancer in breast starts

A

“stem cells”

48
Q

cancer starting in duct

A

ductal carcinoma

49
Q

cancer starting in alveoli

A

lobular carcinoma

50
Q

cancer restricted to basement membrane

A

Dysplasia

51
Q

pink is necrosis; calcifications; multiple layers of cells

A

DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ)

52
Q
A

invasive carcinoma

53
Q

what subtype of DCIS

A

comedeo

54
Q

subtype of DCIS
gland inside of gland

A

cribriform

55
Q

many alveoli filled with a bunch of cells
doesn’t produce a mass
can occur in both breast

A

LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ)

56
Q

where DCIS and LCIS live, ____ cancer lives too

A

invasive

57
Q

redness and scaly skin around nipple

A

Paget’s disease of the breast

58
Q

can be mistaken for dermatitis
has 100% chance of additional invasive cancer in same breast

A

Paget’s disease of breast

59
Q

firm, immovable mass

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

60
Q

preceded by DCIS

A

invasive ductal carinoma

61
Q

bilateral lesions
single rows of cells without duct formation

A

invasive lobular carcinoma

62
Q

Decreased cadherin= holds cells together, so this is why not forming glands anymore—single cancer cells

A

invasive lobular carcinoma

63
Q
A

invasive ductal carcinoma

64
Q
A

invasive lobular carcinoma

65
Q

average age of 70
pools of mucin
ER and PR +
adipose tissue

A

Mucinous adenocarcinoma

66
Q

(growth factor gene); constantly growing cells compared to normal cells; can stain for receptors or fluorescence

A

HER2

67
Q

most common mutation of any cancer

A

P53

68
Q

(have medications for); estrogen and progesterone stain

A

ER and PR

69
Q

> 14% (more cells in cell cycle division) has what prognosis

A

worse

70
Q

very bad form of breast cancer and seem to spread bc don’t have a way for immune system to bind on them

A

triple negative (ER, PR, HER2 -)

71
Q

DNA repair genes; if they are broken, you can’t fix DNA that is mutated

A

BRCA 1 and 2

72
Q

Mutated gene (BRCA1) has an increased risk of ______ cancer

A

ovarian

73
Q

_____ mutation has an increased risk for pancreatic cancer and melanoma

A

BRCA 2

74
Q

warm, swollen, painful breast
Peau d’ orange

A

inflammatory breast cancer

75
Q
A

Peau d’ orange

76
Q
A

inflammatory breast cancer

77
Q

Extensive lymphatic spread from the ductal or lobular invasive cancer

A

inflammatory breast cancer

78
Q

Progression of DCIS or LCIS in the breast to the lymphatics of the breast

A

inflammatory breast cancer

79
Q

cancer 1 cm; remove it, pretty much 100% survival

A

stage 1

80
Q

2 cm (maybe 1-2 lymph nodes around it); 90% survival rate

A

stage 2

81
Q

dimpling (so you know it has spread to lymphatics); 50% survival rate

A

stage 3

82
Q

spread to other organs; 16% - 20% survival rate

A

stage 4

ENR Biweekly 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions