Kestler ILA- safe drugs in pregnancy Flashcards
(first 2 wks after conception)
All or nothing phenomenon
Injury to a large number of cells will cause embryonic loss
preimplantation
(3 - 9/10 wks estimated gestational age (EGA))
MOST critical for teratogenic exposure
Each system at maximum vulnerability
Miscarriage can still occur
embryonic
(9/10 wks EGA to birth)
Teratogenic exposure = changes to cellular growth
Damage to structure/system formed normally in embryogenesis
Can lead to stillbirth
fetal
~99% of drugs cross the placenta via ______
passive diffusion
larger molecules cross by ____
active transport
stay in amniotic fluid once they cross placenta
water-soluble drugs
cross back and forth easily
lipid-soluble drugs
do not cross the placenta well
protein bound and polar drugs
Most drugs in the mothers serum pass into the ____, but they are at such low levels they don’t pose much risk to the infant
milk
Anxiolytics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers - clinically significant levels have been found in _____ with maternal therapeutic doses
breast milk
Codeine based pain meds (codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone) - high risk of ____ events observed in infants who are ultrarapid metabolizers of codeine.
adverse
medications may _____ a mother’s milk supply, usually through action of decreasing production or inhibiting action of prolactin
decrease
decrease mother’s milk supply
A
B
C
D
X
teratogens
