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ENR Biweekly 2 > Audia- infections of reproductive tract > Flashcards

Audia- infections of reproductive tract Flashcards

1
Q

love to live in area of belt line and very easily transmitted; cause infectious disease of reproductive tract

A

scabies and genital lice

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2
Q

presence of inflammation in vagina

A

vaginitis

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3
Q

infection of vagina w/ the absence of inflammation

A

vaginosis

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4
Q

antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis

A

Ceftriaxone

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5
Q

antibiotic that uses ROS to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

A

Metronidazole

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6
Q

antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis by blocking 50S ribosome reversibly

A

Azithromycin

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7
Q

pH of vagina

A

acidic

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8
Q

most common microbes in vagina

A

lactobacillus species

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9
Q

age, diet, and menstrual cycle contributes to ______ of the vagina

A

microbiome

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10
Q
A

NAAT

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11
Q

gram - like; no peptidoglycan
no gram stain
obligate intracellular

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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12
Q

what immunotypes of chlamydia are associated with STI

A

D-K

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13
Q

____ bodies of Chlamydia are infectious and do not replicate

A

elementary

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14
Q

____ bodies of Chlamydia are noninfectious and replicate

A

reticulate

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15
Q

prevalence of ____ is higher in females than males

A

Chlamydia

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16
Q

non-gonococcal urethritis
pelvic inflammatory disease
reactive arthritis

A

Chlaymida

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17
Q

main way to diagnose Chlamydia

A

presentation of sx’s and NAAT

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18
Q

how to treat chlamydia

A

Azithromycin; Doxycycline

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19
Q

likely cause?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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20
Q

gram - diplococci
kidney bean shape
neutrophils with this pathogen inside it

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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21
Q

Grow on chocolate agar or Thayer martin (chocolate agar with antibiotics on it that prevent outgrowth of normal flora)

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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22
Q

equal prevalence in males and females

A

Gonorrhea

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23
Q

burning w/ urination
purulent discharge
self-limiting, but if persists can lead to fibrosis of urethra

A

Gonorrhea

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24
Q

Gonorrhea is often asymptomatic in ______

A

females

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25
Q

Direct spreading to fallopian tubes; infection of peritoneum;
Fibrosis of the fallopian tube (Sterility)
Salpingitis
Endometritis
Peritonitis

A

Gonorrhea

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26
Q
A

cervicitis

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27
Q

asymptomatic _____ are primary reservoir of this

A

females

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28
Q

Odds are if they are infected with one STI, they will be infected with

A

more than one

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29
Q

can lead to blindness in babies eye (not trans-placental, but from physical exposure in birth canal); ocular infection

A

Gonorrhea transmission from mother to baby

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30
Q

use pili to attach to epithelial cells
pili can undergo phase variation to stay one step ahead of immune system

A

Gonorrhea

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31
Q

cytotoxin (NLRs)——cytokine storm
endotoxin (LOS)—–binds TLR4 and release of TNF alpha

A

Gonorrhea

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32
Q

organism binds to factor H inhibiting complement cascade

A

gonorrhea

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33
Q

usually does not disseminate, but if it does, can cause petechial rash or purulent arthritis

A

Gonorrhea

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34
Q

for men, gram stain of discharge is used to diagnose _____

A

Gonorrhea

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35
Q

for women, gram stain and culture or PCR test to diagnose ____

A

gonorrhea

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36
Q

how to treat gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin injection) and Azithromycin

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37
Q
A

syphilis

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38
Q

darkfield microscopy
PAINLESS lesions

A

Syphilis

39
Q

what causes Syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

40
Q

corkscrew shape on microscopy
no gram stain
human reservoir

A

Syphilis

41
Q

more common in men

A

syphilis

42
Q
A

Syphilis

43
Q

transmit through sex AND transplacental

A

Syphilis

44
Q

highly infectious, hard, painless ulcer
(chancre) with raised borders on genitalia or mouth, regional lymphadenopathy

A

primary syphilis

45
Q

lesions all over body, palms, soles
“the Great Imitator”

A

secondary syphilis

46
Q

differential

A

HPV
secondary syphilis

47
Q

neuro, CV, GUMMAS (on liver, bones, or other internal organs); gummas (granulomatous lesions, if immune system cant kill it, will wall it off)

A

tertiary syphilis

48
Q
A

gummas

49
Q
A

Neurosyphilis

50
Q
A

neurosyphilis

51
Q

3rd most common STD in the US

Stays quiet and hidden!!!!!!!!!!!

A

syphilis

52
Q

to diagnose syphilis

A

darkfield microscopy
RPR (rapid plasma reagin)

53
Q
A

RPR test for syphilis

54
Q

to treat syphilis

A

Penicillin G

55
Q

reaction to antibiotics due to lysis of organsim

A

JH reaction (Jarisch-Herxheimer)

56
Q

PAINFUL lesions (not in clusters)

A

Chancroid (due to Haemophilus)

57
Q

to treat Chancroid

A

ceftriaxone

58
Q

cause what

A

Urethritis

59
Q

to treat non-gonoccal/chlamydial urethritis

A

Azithromycin or doxycycline

60
Q

not sexually transmitted
balance of microbiota disrupted
no inflammation

A

Bacterial Vaginosis

61
Q

most have no symptoms, but can have:
fish-like odor
thin discharge
itching
can lead to spontaneous abortion

A

Bacterial Vaginosis

62
Q
A

Bacterial Vaginosis

63
Q

bacterial vaginosis mainly caused by what

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

64
Q

to treat Bacterial Vaginosis

A

Flagyl (metronidazole)

65
Q
A

trichomoniasis

66
Q

One of the TORCH organisms associated with neonatal infections
strawberry cervix, green-grey discharge
can have urethritis

A

Trichomoniasis

67
Q

cause of trichomoniasis

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

68
Q

to diagnose trichomoniasis

A

wet mount of discharge and Whiff test

69
Q

to treat trichomoniasis

A

flagyl (metronidazole)

70
Q

what to do when you see one STD

A

test for others

71
Q

cottage-cheese like vaginal discharge
itching
dysuria

A

vulvovaginal candidiasis

72
Q

budding yeast on wet mount of discharge

A

Candida albicans

73
Q

to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

topical antifungals
Monostat
oral antifungals (fluconazole)

74
Q
A

genital herpes

75
Q

double stranded DNA virus, enveloped

A

HSV

76
Q

interferes with MHC I presentation of antigen

A

HSV

77
Q

PAINFUL lesions (ulcerative, vesicular, clustered)
tender lymphadenopathy
fever, malaise

A

HSV

78
Q

can give to baby by physical contact with birthing canal
TORCH organism

A

HSV

79
Q

to diagnose HSV

A

PCR (viral culture)

80
Q

nucleoside analongs that are DNA polymerase inhibitors

A

Penciclovir
Acyclovir

81
Q

used to treat herpes

A

antivirals (nucleoside analogs)

82
Q
A

Condyloma acuminata (HPV)

83
Q

cause of cervical warts (condyloma acuminata)

A

HPV 6, 11, 16, 18

84
Q

double strand DNA virus

A

HPV

85
Q

serotypes of HPV that have high risk for cervical cancer

A

16 and 18

86
Q

common skin warts HPV serotypes

A

2 and 4

87
Q

“stuck on lesions”
fleshy soft outgrowths

A

Condyloma acuminata

88
Q

HPV infects actively dividing _____ cells

A

basal epithelial

89
Q

2 important viral encoded proteins that HPV makes; they dysregulate host cell cycle

A

E6 and E7

90
Q

___ and ___ inhibit P53 and Rb so breaks are off cell cycle and leads to dysregulation and more cell division

A

E6 and E7

91
Q

vaccine for HPV

A

Gardasil

92
Q

to treat HPV (procedures)

A

cryotherapy
excision
laser

93
Q

topical antiviral for HPV

A

5-fluorouracil

94
Q

topical immunotherapy cream for HPV that activates TLR7

A

Imiquimod cream

ENR Biweekly 2 (11 decks)

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