soreness Flashcards
What does Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) result from?
Unaccustomed exercise or severe exercise, particularly eccentric contractions.
Is soreness an indicator of an effective workout or muscle adaptation?
No, soreness is not an indicator of an effective workout or muscle adaptation.
How does soreness affect performance?
Soreness impairs performance by affecting strength force/peak torque.
What is recommended to reduce soreness?
Take measures to reduce soreness.
What is a key gap in the literature regarding soreness?
The mechanisms for soreness are unknown and likely involve several interacting factors.
What is one potential mechanism of soreness related to muscle damage?
Muscle damage stimulates nociceptors due to disruption of the z-line.
What happens to plasma creatine kinase (CK) levels after eccentric activity?
Plasma CK levels can rise up to 400 times.
Does peak plasma CK levels always correlate with peak DOMS?
No, peak plasma CK levels don’t always correlate with peak DOMS.
What does the inflammation theory suggest about soreness?
The immune response increases the sensitivity of nerve endings and leads to fluid influx in the muscle.
What is the enzyme efflux theory related to?
It proposes a signaling pathway where calcium accumulates in the muscle, activating protease and phospholipase enzymes.
What does the enzyme efflux theory result in?
Stimulates muscle protein degradation and weakening of the Z-line.
What is the repeated bout effect (RBE)?
The phenomenon where habitual exposure to the same exercise stimulus reduces subsequent soreness.
What are potential mechanisms for the repeated bout effect?
- Neural adaptation
- Mechanical adaptations
- Cellular adaptations
What is recommended to prioritize for reducing soreness?
Using the RBE/continued exercise over other methods.
What evidence is there for the effectiveness of massage and cryotherapy in reducing soreness?
Low evidence for reducing soreness.
What do NSAIDs and continued exercise have high evidence for?
High evidence for soreness reduction.
What does soreness not indicate?
Soreness does not indicate muscle damage.
What does muscle damage not indicate?
Muscle damage does not indicate hypertrophy.
Do we need soreness for adaptation?
No, we do not need soreness for adaptation.
