Eccentrics Flashcards
What are some mechanotransductors that detect changes in mechanical tension within the muscle?
Costameres and FAK
What do mechanotransductors such as costameres and FAK activate, ultimately driving ribosomal biogenesis?
mTOR
According to Schoenfeld et al. (2017), eccentric-focused resistance training produced greater hypertrophic changes compared to what?
Concentric-focused resistance training (10% vs. 6.8%)
According to Douglas et al. (2016), what did eccentric-focused training lead to?
Greater hypertrophy, strength, muscle power, and injury resilience
Eccentric training provides greater mechanical tension for what, according to the presentation?
Hypertrophy
Eccentric training provides neuromuscular adaptations for what, according to the presentation?
Strength
Eccentric training increases muscle shortening velocity for what, according to the presentation?
Power
What changes also occurred with eccentric training, increasing MVC and CSA?
Tendon changes
Roig et. al (2008) investigated the effects of eccentric versus concentric resistance training on what?
Muscle strength and mass in healthy adults
Eccentric training performed at high intensities is associated with more improvements in what, compared to concentric training?
Total and eccentric strength
According to Roig et. al (2008), what type of training was more effective in promoting overall increases in muscle mass?
Eccentric training
Friedmann-Bette et al. (2009) showed significant increases in what between traditional and concentric/eccentric overload training?
Jump height (2-3 cm increase)
The eccentric overload group in Friedmann-Bette et al. (2009) had statistically significant hypertrophy in what type of fiber?
Type 2x fiber
Eccentric training is suggested to provide at least a slight advantage over what for promoting muscle hypertrophy?
Concentric-only training
When using eccentric loads greater than maximal concentric strength, eccentric training may lead to more significant improvements in what, compared to traditional resistance training?
Overall strength
Adaptations in strength after eccentric training highly specific to what?
The velocity of movement and mode of contraction
What is a key gap in current research on eccentric training?
Clarity on how factors like age, gender, and training history impact outcomes
What should future studies explore regarding eccentric training?
Responses across diverse populations and determine the optimal duration of eccentric contractions to maximize training adaptations and effectiveness.
What part of the muscle contraction does eccentric training focus on overloading?
The lengthening phase
What type of training did Schoenfeld et al. compare eccentric focus training to?
Regular traditional training
What changes did Schoenfeld et al. find with eccentric focus training compared to traditional training?
Greater hypertrophic changes
Douglas et al.’s systematic review compared eccentric and concentric training across what populations?
Untrained, trained, and athletes
What benefits did Douglas et al. find with eccentric training?
Greater hypertrophy, strength, power, and changes in tendon size and strength
According to Douglas et al., where did the greater hypertrophy from eccentric training come from?
Increased sarcomere in series
According to Douglas et al., what neural adaptations contributed to strength increases from eccentric training?
Increased motor unit recruitment
What did Roy Gidal investigate the effects of?
Eccentric resistance training on muscle mass and hypertrophy
What did meta-analyses of strength find regarding eccentric training?
Greater increases in overall eccentric strength
What did studies using CT scans and MRI scans find regarding eccentric training?
It was really beneficial for muscle hypertrophy
Friedmann-Bette et al.’s randomized control trial involved what type of athletes?
System training male athletes (ex-volleyball players)
What type of fiber hypertrophy did Friedmann-Bette et al. observe with eccentric overload training?
Type 2x fibers
Friedmann-Bette et al. thought the increased eccentric loading would help increase what?
Jump height
Why might eccentric training not be ideal for older people?
It can produce high amounts of muscle damage and soreness
What is a caution regarding eccentric training for athletes?
It could cause too much soreness if you’re, say, about to compete
What is the recommendation for newbies or those feeling sore regarding eccentric training?
Don’t overload it too much
