Some environments are considered to be 'multi hazardous'

Question 1

What is an example of a multi-hazardous environment?

Answer 1

The Philippines

Question 2

Where is the Philippines?

Answer 2

Off the mainland of Southeast Asia, on the western rim of the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’

Question 3

How many earthquakes have the Philippines experienced in the 21st century?

Answer 3

17

Question 4

What is an example of an earthquake which has taken place in the Philippines?

Answer 4

Bohol in 2013

Question 5

What magnitude was Bohol in 2013?

Answer 5

7.2

Question 6

How many people did Bohol kill?

Answer 6

Over 200

Question 7

How many people did Bohol injury?

Answer 7

800

Question 8

How many active volcanoes does the Philippines have?

Answer 8

Opinions vary but 23 is said to be a reasonable figure

Question 9

What is an example of a volcano in the Philippines?

Answer 9

Pinatubo

Question 10

When did Pinatubo erupt?

Answer 10

1991

Question 11

How big was Pinatubo?

Answer 11

Second largest eruption in the 20th century

Question 12

How many people live within 40km of Mount Pinatubo?

Answer 12

500,000

Question 13

How many people did the early warning and evacuations save?

Answer 13

5,000

Question 14

How did Mount Pinatubo affect the climate?

Answer 14

By hurling gases, ash and steam into the upper atmosphere where they continued to affect global warming for at least two years

Question 15

By how much did Mount Pinatubo decrease the average global temperature?

Answer 15

0.5 degrees

Question 16

What caused the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991?

Answer 16

Oceanic Philippine plate being subducted under the lighter Continental Eurasian plate

Question 17

How many people died as a result of Mount Pinatubo?

Answer 17

847

Question 18

What type of hazard is the worst in Philippines and why?

Answer 18

Typhoons - climate change is a relevant cause

Question 19

What is an example of a typhoon in the Philippines?

Answer 19

Typhoon Haiyan

Question 20

When was Typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 20

2013

Question 21

How many people did Typhoon Haiyan affect?

Answer 21

11 million

Question 22

Why are the people in Philippines so vulnerable to hazards?

Answer 22

Because of their inability to cope

Question 23

What factor increases the impact of a hazard on people and their property in Luzon and Manila?

Answer 23

The fact it is densely populated

Question 24

What sort of population does the Philippines have, and what is the impact of this?

Answer 24

They have a coastal distributed population - increasing vulnerability to hydro-meteorological hazards

Question 25

What has increased the landslide risk in the Philippines?

Answer 25

The pressures of an increasing population have led to deforestation of upland areas for agriculture

Question 26

What is the significance of deforestation in the Philippines?

Answer 26

It has reduced interception and water table capacity (decreasing potential levels of infiltration)

Question 27

What is the Philippines GDP per capita?

Answer 27

$3300

Question 28

What is the USA GDP per capita?

Answer 28

$53000

Question 29

What were the highest wind speeds of Typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 29

315km hr

Question 30

What makes Tacloban so vulnerable to Typhoons?

Answer 30

Lies in the centre of the Philippines where tropical storms cross the Pacific towards Southeast Asia - most affected region in the world

Question 31

What makes the people of Tacloban so vulnerable to Typhoons?

Answer 31

People move to Tacloban is large numbers for opportunities to work - high density population/overcrowded
Poor constructed buildings on flat land near sea - storm surges and flooding
Settlements of steep hillsides - high rainfall of tropical cyclones

Question 32

How many people in Philippines live in poverty?

Answer 32

27%

Question 33

What is the life expectancy in the Philippines?

Answer 33

72 years