Peoples response to hazards Flashcards
What is the park model?
A model which plots the quality of life before a disaster against the time after the disaster has
occurred. The model usually shows the deterioration of the quality of life of the people affected and the speed at which the country returns to normality. The curve shows how fast human responses are.
What is the relief stage on the park model?
Where medical attention, rescue services and overall care is delivered
Can last up to several days
What is the rehabilitation stage on the park model?
Where people try to return the state of things to normal by providing food, water and shelter for those most affected
Can last from a few days to weekS
What is the reconstruction stage of the park model?
Where the infrastructure and property are reconstructed and crops are regrown
Can take from weeks to years
What is the hazard management cycle?
A cycle which illustrates the process by which people plan, react during and immediately following a disaster to reduce the impact
What does the hazard management ensure?
Appropriate actions are taken to ensure greater preparedness, better warnings and reduced vulnerability or the prevention of hazard events during the next cycle
What are the three elements of the hazard management cycle?
Pre-disaster, Response, Post-disaster
What does the pre-disaster section of the hazard management cycle focus on?
Risk assessment
Mitigation/prevention
Preparedness
What does the response section of the hazard management cycle focus on?
Warning/evacuation
Saving people
Providing immediate assistance
Assessing damage
What does the Post-disaster section of the hazard management cycle focus on?
Restoration of infrastructural services Reconstruction Economic and social recovery Ongoing development activity Risk assessment Mitigation/prevention
How have the Filipino’s learnt to deal with natural hazards through agriculture?
Land fragmentation - by planting widely scattered parcels, the likelihood of an entire harvest mat be lost is reduced.
The type of crops - root crops such as yams, sweet potato and taro are planted because they are relatively unaffected by typhoons
What is the philosophical approach of ‘bahala na’ that the Filipino’s have adopted?
“Leave it to fate” - fatalism
Why is the ‘bayanihan’ attitude to community important in a low income society like the Philippines?
Meaning behind the concept is togetherness
- Allows people to work together as a team to rebuild their losses
- Enforces idea that you are not alone
- One of the few things that a Natural Hazard cannot take away from society
What does the term “leave it to fate” actually mean?
Tends to be acceptance - hazards are inevitably going to happen
What does adaptation actually mean?
People become aware that they can prepare for an event by prediction, prevention, and/or protection depending on the economic circumstances of the area
What does primary effects define as?
The effects of a hazard event that result directly from that event
What does resilience define as?
The sustained ability of individuals or communities to be able to utilise available resources to respond to, withstand and recover from the effects of a natural hazard.
What does secondary effects define as?
These are the effects that result from the primary impacts of the hazard event
What is community preparedness/ risk sharing?
Prearranged measures that aim to reduce the loss of life and property damage through:
Public education and awareness programmes
Evacuation procedures
Provision of emergency medical, food and shelter supplies
Insurance
What does frequency define as?
The distribution of a hazard through time
What does integrated risk management define as?
The process of considering the social, economic and political factors involved in risk analysis; determining the acceptability or damage/disruption; deciding on the actions to be taken to minimise damage/disruption.
What does magnitude define as?
The assessment of the size of the impact of a hazard event
What does prediction define as?
The ability to give warnings so that action can be taken to reduce the impact of hazard events. Improved monitoring, information and communications technology have meant that predicting hazards and issuing warnings have become more important in recent years
