Solving Problems and Making Decisions - (Module 35) Flashcards

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1
Q

Convergent Thinking

A

Thinking that looks for only one solution.

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2
Q

Divergent Thinking

A

Looking for multiple ways to solve problems.

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3
Q

Algorithms

A

Methodical, logical rules or procedures that guarantee solving a particular problem.

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4
Q

Heuristics

A

Simple, thinking strategies that allow us to make judgements and solace problems efficiently.

More error prone than algorithm.

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5
Q

Representative Heuristic

A

Finding something that is more realistic, represents a common thing, and looks more correct.

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6
Q

Availability Heuristic

A

Anytime we judge the likelihood of something based on information in our recent memories.

Leads to incorrect conclusions based on person experience.

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7
Q

Insight

A

Sudden and novel realization of the solution to the problem.

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8
Q

Confirmation Bias

A

Tendency to search for information that confirms a personal bias.

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9
Q

Fixation

A

Inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective.

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10
Q

Mental Set

A

Tendency to only see solutions that have worked in the past

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11
Q

Functional Fixedness

A

Tendency to think only of the familiar function of an object.

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12
Q

Overconfidence

A

Tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements.

We become more confident than correct.

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13
Q

Framing

A

The way an issue is posed.

How an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgements.

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14
Q

Belief Perseverance

A

Tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence.

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15
Q

Intuition

A

Effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought

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