Solving Problems and Making Decisions - (Module 35)

Question 1

Convergent Thinking

Answer 1

Thinking that looks for only one solution.

Question 2

Divergent Thinking

Answer 2

Looking for multiple ways to solve problems.

Question 3

Algorithms

Answer 3

Methodical, logical rules or procedures that guarantee solving a particular problem.

Question 4

Heuristics

Answer 4

Simple, thinking strategies that allow us to make judgements and solace problems efficiently.

More error prone than algorithm.

Question 5

Representative Heuristic

Answer 5

Finding something that is more realistic, represents a common thing, and looks more correct.

Question 6

Availability Heuristic

Answer 6

Anytime we judge the likelihood of something based on information in our recent memories.

Leads to incorrect conclusions based on person experience.

Question 7

Insight

Answer 7

Sudden and novel realization of the solution to the problem.

Question 8

Confirmation Bias

Answer 8

Tendency to search for information that confirms a personal bias.

Question 9

Fixation

Answer 9

Inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective.

Question 10

Mental Set

Answer 10

Tendency to only see solutions that have worked in the past

Question 11

Functional Fixedness

Answer 11

Tendency to think only of the familiar function of an object.

Question 12

Overconfidence

Answer 12

Tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements.

We become more confident than correct.

Question 13

Framing

Answer 13

The way an issue is posed.

How an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgements.

Question 14

Belief Perseverance

Answer 14

Tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence.

Question 15

Intuition

Answer 15

Effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought